The following fact pattern discusses an issue that we've explored in Constitutional Law. In addition to the rules and resources in your text book, leveraging the rules discussed in this https://www.casebriefs.com/blog/law/constitutional-law/constitutional-law-keyed-to-chemerinsky/the-federal-legislative-power/heart-of-atlanta-motel-inc-v-united-states/ will be useful to achieve maximum points.

Use the rules mentioned above to analyze the following fact pattern. Your analysis should be in a standard IRAC format. For maximum points, you must clearly state the issue and applicable rules. Additionally, your analysis should be thoughtful, linear, and clearly support your conclusion.

The shared economy in the United States is booming. Wikipedia comments in its definition that this new economy is “also known as shareconomy, collaborative consumption or peer economy; a common academic definition of the term refers to a hybrid market model (in between owning and gift giving) of peer-to-peer exchange. Such transactions are often facilitated via community-based online services.”(Wikipedia)

Companies like Uber and Airbnb seem to be thriving. However, in the excitement of expansion the U.S. Congress developed strong concerns about how to regulate this new market. In March of 2018, Congress passed a new law requiring all “hosts” of shared economy services (e.g., Airbnb hosts) to provide their services equally without any discrimination on the basis of race, religion, national origin, or gender, including gender identity and sexual orientation.

Penelope Hamilton, a Seattle resident and Lyft driver does not want to be regulated by this law. She does not want any restrictions regarding who she picks up (or not) in her car as a Lyft driver and has filed a lawsuit in federal court in Seattle to block the law from taking effect. Hamilton claims Congress does not have authority to pass such a law and that her business is confined to the City of Seattle.

You are the judge hearing the case. What is your decision and how did you reach your conclusion? Please explain your work clearly using the IRAC method.

1. Which of the following are necessary conditions for thunderstorm development?

     _______a. moisture in the air

     _______b. instability

     _______c. a lifting process

     _______d. (all of the above)

2. Rapid precipitation growth starts to take place in thunderstorm cell during which stage of evolution?

     _______a. cumulus or developing

     _______b. mature

     _______c. dissipating

     _______d. (any of the above)

3. A long narrow band of closely spaced thunderstorm cells is called a

     _______a. supercell.

     _______b. mesoscale convective system.

     _______c. squall line.

     _______d. Texas brawl.

4. Which type of thunderstorm generally produces the strongest tornadoes?

     _______a. multicell thunderstorm complex

     _______b. air mass thunderstorm

     _______c. supercell

     _______d. squall line thunderstorm

5. The rotating updraft of a mesocyclone is the result of

     _______a. twisting and turning.

     _______b. bobbing and weaving.

     _______c. tilting and stretching.

     _______d. shaking and baking.

6. For supercell formation, you need

     _______a. warm moist air near the surface.

     _______b. a lower tropospheric southerly flow with strong vertical wind shear.

     _______c. an unstable atmosphere.

     _______d. (all of the above)

7. Which region of the continental United States experiences the most days with large

    hail per year?

     _______a. the Great Plains.

     _______b. central Florida.

     _______c. the Pacific Northwest.

     _______d. New England.

8. Which of the following statements is false?

     _______a. Tornadoes form only in thunderstorms.

     _______b. Tornadoes form only in supercell thunderstorms.

     _______c. Tornadoes come in varying sizes and shapes.

     _______d. The strongest tornadoes are comparatively rare.

9. The season of maximum tornado frequency in the continental United States is

     _______a. winter.

     _______b. spring.

     _______c. summer.

     _______d. fall.

10. The only hazard usually associated with most air mass thunderstorms is

     _______a. large hail.

     _______b. hurricane force downburst winds.

     _______c. strong tornadoes.

     _______d. lightning.

11. The diameter of the largest tornado ever recorded was around

      _______a. 500 feet.

      _______b. 1,000 feet.

      _______c. one-half mile.

      _______d. two and one-half miles.

12. The majority of U.S. tornadoes move in which direction?

      _______a. toward the northeast

      _______b. toward the south

      _______c. toward the west

      _______d. toward the northwest

Foreign Capital Budgeting

The South Korean multinational manufacturing firm, Nam Sung Industries, is debating whether to invest in a 2-year project in the United States. The project's expected dollar cash flows consist of an initial investment of $1 million with cash inflows of $700,000 in Year 1 and $600,000 in Year 2. The risk-adjusted cost of capital for this project is 12%. The current exchange rate is 1,054 won per U.S. dollar. Risk-free interest rates in the United States and S. Korea are:

1. If this project were instead undertaken by a similar U.S.-based company with the same risk-adjusted cost of capital, what would be the net present value generated by this project? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar.

   $  

   What would be the rate of return generated by this project? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.

       %

2. What is the expected forward exchange rate 1 year from now? (Hint: Take the perspective of the Korean company when identifying home and foreign currencies and direct quotes of exchange rates.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.

      won per U.S. dollar

   What is the expected forward exchange rate 2 years from now? (Hint: Take the perspective of the Korean company when identifying home and foreign currencies and direct quotes of exchange rates.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.

      won per U.S. dollar

3. If Nam Sung undertakes the project, what is the net present value and rate of return of the project for Nam Sung? Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer for the net present value in millions. For example, an answer of 1.23 million won should be entered as 1.23, not 1,230,000. Round your answers to two decimal places.

   NPV:  million won

   Rate of return:   %

The Toyota Motor Company is a global automobile manufacturer that operates on five different continents. In the United States, it runs five major assembly plants. To manage its operations efficiently and effectively around the globe, Toyota uses several types of information systems. It uses the Internet and global networks to communicate with its offices, plants, and dealerships around the globe. Toyota is one of the founders of the Toyota Production System, an early version of the Just In Time (JIT) inventory system. This system allows Toyota to have on hand the exact number of components needed at any time in order to continue its operations, given that waste often occurs when components are inventoried and stored. To use a JIT inventory system, Toyota’s GIS must be capable of managing real-time inventory, not only within its own manufacturing facilities but in all of its suppliers’ facilities. Because of this, Toyota requires all of its suppliers to have a system capable of interfacing with the one Toyota uses for its own operations. Toyota worked with Dell, Microsoft, and WorldCom to develop a “Dealer Daily” system that offers a centralized data center for the more than 1,100 Toyota and Lexus dealers in the United States. This system allows dealers to spend more time focusing on selling cars and less time on paperwork. For example, the system is capable of providing a response to a financing application in 15 seconds. Using Oracle E-Business Suite 12.1, Toyota Motor Europe (TME) implemented Toyota’s Vehicle Order Management (VOM) system. This system, which encompasses 13 countries, enables TME to improve its European operations by reducing delivery time to customers and managing inventory more efficiently. As a result, the system reduces operating costs. Answer the following questions: 1. What role do global networks play in the effective implementation of JIT? 2. What role does the Dealer Daily system play in Toyota’s implementation of a GIS? 3. What is the function of Vehicle Order Management (VOM)? 4. How many countries will be impacted by VOM and in which part of the world?

Question 2 [10] TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS Consider the following list of statements. Each statement is either true or false. You must read each statement carefully and then select the option that you believe is correct as your answer. Write down only the question number and next to the number either “True” or “False”. 2.1. The level or rate of unemployment is a stock concept, that is, it is measured at a particular date. 2.2. The consumer price index (CPI) is an index of the prices of a representative “basket” of consumer goods and services. The CPI thus represents the cost of the “shopping basket” of goods and services of a typical or average South African household. 2.3. A policy in respect of the level and composition of government spending, taxation and borrowing is called fiscal policy. 2.4. When the dollar appreciates (i.e. when the rand depreciates), imports from the United States become more expensive (in rand) in South Africa and South African exports to the United States become cheaper (in dollars) in that country, ceteris paribus. This will tend to dampen imports and stimulate exports (i.e. to improve the balance on the South African current account). 2.5. The way in which changes in the monetary sector are transmitted to the rest of the economy is called the financial transmission mechanism. 2.6. Monetary and fiscal policy (sometimes collectively called supply management) can be expansionary or contractionary. 2.7. Demand-pull inflation occurs when the aggregate supply of goods and services increases while aggregate demand remains unchanged. 2.8. Frictional unemployment (sometimes also called search unemployment) arises because it takes time to find a job or to move from one job to another. 2.9. The Phillips curve was originally regarded as a clear indication that unemployment and inflation could be traded off against each other. In other words, a lower inflation rate could be achieved by trading it off against, or exchanging it, for greater unemployment. 2.10. One complete cycle has four elements: a trough, an upswing or expansion (often called a boom), a peak and a downswing or contraction (often called a recession).

Please read the Management in Action case “Norwegian Air Shuttle Aspires to Become the Cheapest Global Airline” at the end of Chapter 4 “Global Management” available in your textbook Management: A Practical Approach 7^th edition by Kinicki, A., & Williams, B., and answer the following questions:

Assignment Question(s):

1. What are the biggest challenges Norwegian experienced in trying to expand its airline across the globe?
2. To what extent did you observe examples of ethnocentric, polycentric, or geocentric attitudes in this case? Provide examples to support your conclusions.

3. Use Table 4.4 (Given below) to identify cultural differences that are likely to arise between Norwegian employees working in Denmark and Sweden and Thailand. How might these differences affect interpersonal interactions, and what can the company do to reduce any unintended conflict from these differences?

4. What are the most important lessons to be learned about global management from this case? Discuss

I want a special solution for me, Please

No Explanation needed only True or false

1. Networking capital may be defined as “Current Assets” minus “Current Liabilities.”

2. The forward rate is the rate applied to buy currency for immediate delivery.

3. The shorter a firm’s “Cash Conversion Cycle” (CCC), the better. A shorter CCC will result in lower “Interest Expense” for the firm.

4. Exchange rates influence a multinational firm’s inventory policy because changing currency values can affect the value of inventory.

5. If a single U.S. dollar will buy fewer units of a foreign currency in the forward market than in the spot market, then the forward currency is said to be selling at a premium to the spot rate.

6. Holding minimal levels of inventory (i.e., the “lean and mean” or “restricted” working capital policy) can reduce inventory carrying costs and cannot lead to any adverse effects on profitability.

7. The sound working capital policy is designed to maximize the time between cash expenditures on raw materials and the collection of cash from credit sales.

8. The United States and most other major industrialized nations currently operate under a system of floating exchange rates.

9. A given indirect currency quotation is the reciprocal of the direct quotation.

10. Prior to 1971, the United States used a fixed exchange rate system, with the U.S. dollar being tied to gold.

11. Due to advanced technology and the similarity of general procedures, multi-national financial management is no more complex than financial management for domestic firms.

12. A country’s central bank can “prop up” or raise the value of its currency on the market by selling additional reserves of its own currency on the open market.

13. The volatility of exchange rates under a floating rate system increases the uncertainty of the cash flows for a multinational corporation.

14. According to today’s edition of The Wall Street Journal, $1.5769 U.S. dollars can purchase one euro. This is an indirect quote in terms of U.S. dollars.

15. Under a “relaxed” current asset investment policy, a firm holds only small amounts of current assets relative to sales.

The Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Healthcare has identified hospital acquired malnutrition as one of 16 potential hospital acquired complications.
What opportunities and challenges does this raise for Food & Nutrition Service Managers?

Imaginary story
You have just been appointed as the Finance Director for South East Asia of a large multinational bank (the Bank of Northeastern States), based in the United States and headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. You have been posted to a recent acquisition of a Stock Market listed manufacturing plant, Peninsula Transport located in a small township some 40 kilometres outside the capital city of Indonesia. Your instructions are to asset strip the acquired company then close it down within one year.
Two weeks into your appointment and having just arrived in Jakarta you are given a company provided apartment and have spent several days unpacking and settling in with your family. Today is your first day at work and Mr Mohamed, the incumbent CEO a man who has inherited the company from his father informs you that he knows exactly why you are in Indonesia and begs you not to close his company. As the day progresses, you begin to realise that before the $ 100 million acquisition, the factory had been a wholly owned family business that had served the community for more than four decades and employed just under half the town’s available workforce of three thousand people. Indeed, there were many families, some with three generations in current employment with the company. In addition, you also realise that many small and medium local enterprises support the factory and that to close it will devastate the entire community. The CEO claims that he and his family are victims of a conspiracy to close the factory and sell the land to build real estate on it. He shows you a newspaper report from several years ago that clearly depicts the land surrounding the town being earmarked for development under the government’s plans for the future of the area. This involves building several thousand residential units and expanding the township into a commuter suburb serving the capital city.
Mr Mohamed informs you that he has rejected several offers from the government and has successfully fought them in the courts and obtained ‘heritage status’protection to overturn a local government order for compulsory purchase of the land from his family who have owned it for several generations.
The local CEO also informs you that he has evidence of bribes and gifts being made by the Bank of Northeastern States to local politicians, as well as substantial donations to National People’s Party, a political party who are the incumbent government. It is very clear that there is a trail of corruption leading all the way back to your employers in Boston. That night you call your CEO at Northeastern Bank to inform him and are shocked when he responds with threats against you and your family that if you don’t do as instructed you will be arrested and thrown in jail by local police. The next morning before you leave for work, you are paid a clandestine visit by a senior police officer and he also informs you in a veiled threat that your situation in Indonesia leaves you and your family very vulnerable. At this point, you realise that you have been lied to by the Board of Northeastern States Bank and that they are partners in a web of corruption worth tens of millions of US Dollars involving local Indonesian politicians and local police.
You find yourself in a dilemma. If you follow through with your instructions you understand that you will be responsible for the social consequences of closing the factory and will be just as guilty as those who are involved in the conspiracy. If you don’t you will be fired and face an uncertain future in which you and your family, having already been threatened, leaves you in no doubt of the consequences of being arrested and detained in a foreign country where you have no rights.

Two questions to discuss:
1) What should you do?
2) Why would you do that?

pick from the multiple choice

Under the full goodwill method, a control premium is recognised when:

Fredericks Limited acquired the identifiable assets and liabilities of Nicole Limited for $134 000. The items acquired, stated at fair value, are: plant $72 000; inventories $40 000; accounts receivable $18 000; patents $10 000; accounts payable $16 000. The difference on acquisition is:

Xana Limited paid $110 000 for 60% of the shares in Yama Limited. At the date of acquisition Yama Limited had share capital of $100 000 and retained earnings of $36 000 and all of Yama Limited’s assets and liabilities were recorded at fair value, except for land that was recorded at an amount less than the fair value by $20 000. The company tax rate was 30%. The fair value of identifiable net assets acquired by Xana Limited amounted to: