Learning Goal: To learn the basic physics and applications of cyclotrons.
Particle accelerators are used to create well-controlled beams of high-energy particles. Such beams have many uses, both in research and industry.
One common type of accelerator is the cyclotron, as shown in the figure. In a cyclotron, a magnetic field confines charged particles to circular paths while an oscillating electric field accelerates them. It is useful to understand the details of this process.
Consider a cyclotron in which a beam of particles of positive charge q and mass m is moving along a circular path restricted by the magnetic field (which is perpendicular to the velocity of the particles).
Part A)
Before entering the cyclotron, the particles are accelerated by a potential difference V. Find the speed v with which the particles enter the cyclotron.
Express your answer in terms of V, m, and q.
Part B)
Find the radius r of the circular path followed by the particles. The magnitude of the magnetic field is B.
Express your answer in terms of v, m, B, and q.
Part C)
Find the period of revolution T for the particles.
Express your answer in terms of m, B, and q.
Part D)
Find the angular frequency w of the particles.
Express your answer in terms of m, B, and q.
Part E)
Your goal is to accelerate the particles to kinetic energy K. What minimum radius R of the cyclotron is required?
Express your answer in terms of m, q, B, and K.
In: Other
Write a simple java program to list roman numeral for a given range of numbers.
Roman numerals are represented by seven different symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D, and M.
I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500, M = 1000
Roman numerals are usually written largest to smallest from left to right. But a number
like 4 is not written as IIII. It is written as IV.
Because the one is before the five, we subtract it making four.
The same principle applies to the number nine, which is written as IX.
There are six instances where subtraction is used:
I can be placed before V (5) and X (10) to make 4 and 9.
X can be placed before L (50) and C (100) to make 40 and 90.
C can be placed before D (500) and M (1000) to make 400 and 900.
To DO:
Given a range of values, convert all integers within the range (inclusive) to roman
numerals, printing them out with one roman numeral per line.
Convert all integers in the range from 1 to 3999 to roman numerals and them out with
one roman numeral per line.
Example of input/output:
enter two positive integers, smaller followed by larger:
2 6
Output should be roman numeral for all the integers in the range as:
II
III
IV
V
VI
In: Computer Science
1. Treacherous Triangle Trickery. Consider a charge distribution consisting of an equilateral triangle with a point charge q fixed at each of its vertices. Let d be the distance between the center of the triangle and each vertex, let the triangle’s center be at the origin, and let one of its vertices lie on the x-axis at the point x = −d.
1.1. Compute the electric field at the center of the triangle by explicitly computing the sum of the electric fields due the charges at each vertex.
1.2. Let V (x,y) be the electric potential as a function of position. Compute an expression for V (x,y), and try to simplify it if possible.
1.3. If a point charge Q is placed at rest at the origin, will it remain at rest? Justify using electric potential and symbolic computation.
1.4. Sketch the graph of V (x, 0) versus x.
1.5. Compute the Taylor expansion of V (x, 0) about x = 0 up to the term of order x 2 .
1.6. If a point charge Q is placed at the origin and then given a suffciently small kick in the x-direction, will it remain in the vicinity for the origin forever? Does it depend on the sign of Q? Does it matter if the kick is to the left or right? Justify all answers carefully.
1.7. If there is a case where the charge Q will oscillates under a small push in the x-direction, determine the period of small oscillations if the charge in the center has mass m. If there is not such a case of oscillatory motion, explain how you know this.
In: Physics
Home Entertainment Online (HEO) operates an online streaming service. The company offers both a movie and a music subscription service. HEO reports revenues for the movie service separately from the music service.
Required:
Classify each of the following cost items (A–G) as:
You will have two answers (D or I; V or F) for each of the following items:
|
Cost item |
D or I |
V or F |
Comments |
|
|
A |
Electricity costs of HEO office (bill covers entire office) |
|||
|
B |
Costs of licence fees paid to filmmakers for access to their films for five years |
|||
|
C |
Subscription to Movie Trends website for all staff for one year |
|||
|
D |
Leasing of computer software used for financial budgeting at HEO office |
|||
|
E |
Cost of popcorn voucher to be redeemed at a supermarket, provided free to all customers of HEO |
|||
|
F |
Insurance policy for HEO office |
|||
|
G |
Costs of royalty fees paid to a filmmaker who wishes to be paid per subscriber |
In: Accounting
Create a C++ project in visual studio.
You can use the C++ project that I uploaded to complete this project.
1. Write a function that will accept two integer matrices A and B by reference parameters, and two integers i and j as a value parameter. The function will return an integer m, which is the (i,j)-th coefficient of matrix denoted by A*B (multiplication of A and B). For example, if M = A*B, the function will return m, which is equal to M[i][j].
Explain the time complexity of this function inside of the code as a comment.
2. Write a function that will accept two integer matrices C and D by reference parameters. The function will compute the transpose of C and store it in D. For your information, the transpose of matrix C is D, where D[j][i] = C[i][j].
Explain the time complexity of this function inside of the function code as a comment.
3. Write a function that will accept one integer matrix E and one column vector F by reference parameters, and one integer I as a value parameter. The function will return an integer v, which is the i-th coefficient of row vector denoted by E*F (multiplication of E and F). For example, if V = E*F, the function will return v, which is equal to V[i].
Explain the time complexity of this function inside of the function code as a comment.
In: Computer Science
|
Assume that the following relationship holds:
Maintenance Costs = (v * Machine Hours) + f
REQUIRED
Estimate the values of v and f and the cost equation, using,
1. the High-Low Method, and
2. the Linear Regression method.
Note, to use the linear regression method, you MUST use the Microsoft Excel program.
Make sure to report
1. The values of v and f;
2. A scatter plot of the data points, and
3. The adjusted R-square; explain what the adjusted R-square means.
4. The cost equation in the form of Y = vx + f, substituting the values for v and f from the regression output.
YOUR SUBMISSION MUST BE IN EXCEL. PLEASE INCLUDE AN EXCEL ATTACHMENT OR HYPERLINK! ONE WORKBOOK, WITH A WORKSHEET FOR EACH ANALYSIS (i.e., High-Low Method and Regression Analysis respectively).
In: Accounting
Write a C++ program that inputs a sequence of integers into a vector, computes the average, and then outputs the # of input values, the average, and the values themselves. There are 0 or more inputs values, followed by a negative value as the sentinel; the negative value is not stored and not counted. The following sample input:
10 20 0 99 -1
would produce the following output:
N: 4 Avg: 32.25 10 20 0 99
The main program has been written for you, your job is to implement the two functions InputData andGetAverage. See the comments in the "student.cpp" file for specific implementation details.
main.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
// functions from student.cpp:
int InputData(vector<int>& V);
double GetAverage(vector<int> V, int N);
int main()
{
// assume at most 100 inputs:
vector<int> inputs(100);
int N;
double avg;
N = InputData(inputs);
avg = GetAverage(inputs, N);
cout << "N: " << N << endl;
cout << "Avg: " << avg << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
{
cout << inputs.at(i) << endl;
}
return 0;
}
student.cpp
int InputData(vector<int>& V)
{
// TODO
return 0;
}
//
// GetAverage
//
// Returns the average of the first N values in the vector; if N is
0 then
// 0.0 is returned.
//
double GetAverage(vector<int> V, int N)
{
// TODO
return 0.0;
}
In: Computer Science
Write a C++ program that inputs a sequence of integers into a vector, computes the average, and then outputs the # of input values, the average, and the values themselves. There are 0 or more inputs values, followed by a negative value as the sentinel; the negative value is not stored and not counted. The following sample input:
10 20 0 99 -1
would produce the following output:
N: 4 Avg: 32.25 10 20 0 99
The main program has been written for you, your job is to implement the two functions InputData and GetAverage. See the comments in the "student.cpp" file for specific implementation details.
main.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
// functions from student.cpp:
int InputData(vector<int>& V);
double GetAverage(vector<int> V, int N);
int main()
{
// assume at most 100 inputs:
vector<int> inputs(100);
int N;
double avg;
N = InputData(inputs);
avg = GetAverage(inputs, N);
cout << "N: " << N << endl;
cout << "Avg: " << avg << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
{
cout << inputs.at(i) << endl;
}
return 0;
}
student.cpp
int InputData(vector<int>& V)
{
// TODO
return 0;
}
//
// GetAverage
//
// Returns the average of the first N values in the vector; if N is
0 then
// 0.0 is returned.
//
double GetAverage(vector<int> V, int N)
{
// TODO
return 0.0;
}
In: Computer Science
In: Biology
1. What is typically the mobile phase in gas chromatography?
2. What affect is expected for retention times in a gas chromatography experiment if the temperature of the column is reduced?
3. If a significant clog in a 30 m capillary column is so severe that it has to be trimmed to 20 m, how will this affect its ability to effectively separate mixtures of compounds?
4. Why is CH2Cl2 the first peak observed in the gas chromatograms for this experiment?
5. If a student submitted a sample of water for GC analysis because they were confused about what was their organic layer and what was their aqueous layer, would a solvent peak be observed in the gas chromatogram of the sample assuming it was analyzed? Remember our gas chromatograph uses a FID.
In: Chemistry