Financial Accounting 17th edition chapter 5 5PSA step by step solution

Next Job, Inc., provides employment consulting services. The company adjusts its accounts monthly but performs closing entries annually on December 31. The firm’s unadjusted trial balance dated December 31, current year, is shown as follows.

Other Data

Accrued but unrecorded and uncollected consulting fees earned total $25,000 at December 31, current year.

The company determined that $15,000 of previously unearned consulting services fees had been earned at December 31, current year.

Office supplies on hand at December 31 total $300.

The company purchased all of its equipment when it first began business. At that time, the estimated useful life of the equipment was six years (72 months).

The company prepaid its nine-month rent agreement on June 1, current year.

The company prepaid its six-month insurance policy on December 1, current year.

Accrued but unpaid salaries total $12,000 at December 31, current year.

On September 1, current year, the company borrowed $60,000 by signing an 8-month, 4 percent note payable. The entire amount, plus interest, is due on March 1, next year.

The company’s accounting firm estimates that income taxes expense for the entire year is $50,000. The unpaid portion of this amount is due early in the next year.

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NEXT JOB, INC.

UNADJUSTED TRIAL BALANCE

DECEMBER 31, CURRENT YEAR

Cash $276,500

Accounts receivable 90,000

Office supplies 800

Prepaid rent 3,600

Unexpired insurance 1,500

Office equipment 72,000

Accumulated depreciation: office equipment $?24,000

Accounts payable 4,000

Notes payable (due 3/1/16) 60,000

Interest payable 600

Income taxes payable 9,000

Dividends payable 3,000

Unearned consulting fees 22,000

Capital stock 200,000

Retained earnings 40,000

Dividends 3,000

Consulting fees earned 500,000

Rent expense 14,700

Insurance expense 2,200

Office supplies expense 4,500

Depreciation expense: office equipment 11,000

Salaries expense 330,000

Utilities expense 4,800

Interest expense 3,000

Income taxes expense 45,000 ???????

Totals $862,600 $862,600

Instructions

Prepare the necessary adjusting journal entries on December 31, current year. Also prepare an adjusted trial balance dated December 31, current year.

From the adjusted trial balance prepared in part a, prepare an income statement and statement of retained earnings for the year ended December 31, current year. Also prepare the company’s balance sheet dated December 31, current year.

Prepare the necessary year-end closing entries.

Prepare an after-closing trial balance.

Golf-Travel, Inc. is a U.S. company that provides ... Bookmark Golf-Travel, Inc. is a U.S. company that provides travel packages for individual golfers and corporate golf outings. The company has mainly focused on U. S. customers but has decided to expand its business globally. Ben Watson, the company’s CEO, has decided that the best location for the company’s European operations is Ireland due to Ireland’s low 12.5% corporate tax rate. In January, 2013, Golf-Travel formally opened its European operations, called Europe-Golf in Portmarnock, Ireland as a wholly owned subsidiary of Golf-Travel. During 2013, the subsidiary’s performance exceeded expectations by hosting almost 400 individual golf trips and 200 corporate outings. At the end of the year, the subsidiary reported pretax income of €324,260 and the subsidiary paid Irish taxes of €40,533, leaving a net income of €283,727. Question: What FASB, GAAP, IFRS references address the tax issues of earnings of foreign subsidiaries, In particular, what are the different financial reporting issues if the company remits the earnings back to the United States versus a strategy of permanently reinvesting the earnings back into the Irish subsidiary. *** Answer must include the FASB, GAAP, IFRS references. ****

Clark invested $8,000 at 18 years ago with an insurance company that has paid him 9 percent simple interest on his funds. Angela invested $8,000 at 18 years ago in a fund that has paid him 9 percent interest, compounded annually. How much more interest has Charles earned than Ben over the past 18 years?

For each of the following, explain whether you agree or disagree with the accounting treatment. Support your view with the GAAP Principles.

1. A company records all revenue when earned, whether it has been collected or not.
2. Payment of a three-year insurance policy is charged to insurance expense and not adjusted.
3. Because the December telephone bill did not arrive until January, no telephone expense was recorded for December.

1. What does it mean when investing activities are reported on the Statement of Cash Flows? Provide three examples of investing activities.
2. What does it mean when financing activities that are reported on the Statement of Cash Flows? Provide three examples.
3. Both the Direct and Indirect Methods are used to prepare the Cash Flow Statement. What is the difference between these two methods?
4. How do you determine a company’s cash flow from their operating activities using the Indirect Method?
5. What are the four (4) building blocks of financial statement analysis? Explain the purpose of each one.
6. What is the purpose of each of the following ratios and how are they computed?

a. Working capital
b. Acid-test ratio
c. Current ratio

7. What do these ratios tell us about a company Who are the intended users of these ratios?
8. Which type of analysis...

a. Measures key relationships between financial statement items?
b. Compares a company's financial condition across time?
c. Compares a company's financial condition to a base amount?

9. What is the difference between comparative financial statements and common size comparative financial statements?
10. What is the criteria for cash flows to be classified as a cash equivalent?

Please answer all of the questions, if you can not answer all of the questions do not reply.

Quality Care

We often think of quality as a perception, a feeling, or an impression, such as “this is a comfortable chair” or “this shirt fits nicely” or “this book is very informative” or “that sales clerk gave me great customer service.” The Institute of Medicine’s definition quality is the “degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge.”

Giddens describes what quality care looks like. The text lists the attributes of quality care as:

·         Safe

·         Effective

·         Timely

·         Patient centered

·         Efficient

·         Equitable

The following is from the AHRQ website:

Components of Health Care Quality

Quality health care means doing the right thing, at the right time, in the right way, for the right people—and having the best possible results. Quality health care is care that is:

Effective—Providing services based on scientific knowledge to all who could benefit and refraining from providing services to those not likely to benefit.

Safe—Avoiding injuries to patients from the care that is intended to help them.

Timely—Reducing waits and sometimes harmful delays for both those who receive and those who give care.

Patient centered—Providing care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values and ensuring that patient values guide all clinical decisions.

Equitable—Providing care that does not vary in quality because of personal characteristics such as gender, ethnicity, geographic location, and SES.

Efficient—Avoiding waste, including waste of equipment, supplies, ideas, and energy.

Health care quality is measured in several ways, including:

Clinical performance measures of how well providers deliver specific services needed by specific patients, such as whether children get the immunizations that they need.

Assessments by patients of how well providers meet health care needs from the patient's perspective, such as whether providers communicate clearly.

Outcome measures, such as death rates from cancers preventable by screening, that may be affected by the quality of health care received.

http://archive.ahrq.gov/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr08/Chap2.html

We ask you to write outcomes in care plans and we want those outcomes to be measureable. If you are doing research or asking the nursing commission to approve your nursing program J you have to have measureable outcomes. How do you measure quality?

For example, If I own a car company and I want a quality outcome based on passenger safety, it could have something to do with the results of crash tests. The data would be gathered based on results from the NTSB crash tests and it could be used to redesign the structure of the car to be more safe (bumpers, airbags, etc.) If I want a quality outcome based on customer satisfaction with navigation software in my cars, I could design a survey and send it out to people who own the cars and ask them to rate how satisfied they are with their navigation system. I could use the feedback to redesign the user interface, change the voice, or whatever else they were not satisfied with.

After doing the assigned readings for this module, answer the following questions.

1. Think about the facility or agency that you work for. List at least one measure of quality care that is used there. How is the data gathered for this outcome and how do you think the data is used to improve care?

2. Using either the attributes or the components or quality care listed above, come up with at least two measures that a healthcare facility or provider could use to indicate they are providing quality care.   Please choose different areas for each of the outcomes (e.g. only one from safety, etc) and use something different than the examples given above.

3. Compare and contrast the following classifications of safety events: near miss, adverse event, sentinel event and give an example of each type of event.

4. Is it important to track near miss events? If so, why? Do you track these at your workplace? If so, how are they tracked and what is done with the data?

5. What is a root cause analysis, why would one be initiated, and what can it accomplish?

6. As a student nurse, what is your role in the provision of quality care?   What are your responsibilities to the individual patients you care for at the clinical site and what are your responsibilities to the clinical facility itself?

Problem 4 Hart Insurance is a regulated insurance company. During the 4th quarter of 2014 the company declared a dividend that was paid to shareholders at year end. Also, in the fourth quarter the company had to record a significant insurance loss associated with insurance coverage in an area hit by a major hurricane. As a result the company of the impairment and the dividend, the company had a retained deficit. However, state insurance laws prohibit paying a dividend when the company has an accumulated deficit.

Questions: Describe the ethical responsibilities of a CPA:

 Who is also the audit partner on the annual audit of Hart Insurance (i.e. what are the ethical responsibilities of a CPA who is also the audit partner on an audit engagement).

 Who is also the CFO (i.e. what are the ethical responsibilities of a CPA who also serves as a CFO for a company)?

 Who has also been hired by an attorney to investigate a potential violation of law on behalf of the board of directors?

The following case studies use the conceptual frameworks for members in public practice and for members in business that are embedded in new Codification of the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct. The conceptual frameworks were approved by the AICPA Professional Ethics Executive Committee in January of 2014 and it are effective beginning December 15, 2015. The AICPA Code of Professional Conduct (see reference above) includes both conceptual frameworks.

(The answer to this question must be atleast 2 pages long and must not be copy and pasted from previous answers)

Case Study:

Nike's Core Competency: The Risky Business of Creating Heroes

DURING THE LAST DECADE, Nike's annual revenues doubled and by 2018 attained some $35 billion. With its globally recognized brand, Nike is the undisputed leader in the athletic shoe and apparel industry. Number two adidas has some $22 billion in sales, while recent entrant Under Armour reports revenues of $5 billion. Nike is tremendously successful, holding close to a 60 percent market share in running shoes and nearly a 90 percent market share in basketball shoes and apparel. Yet one of its greatest strengths can also be seen as one of its greatest vulnerabilities. Before we introduce that strength, it helps to know how Nike started.

Nike Co-founders:

Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight

The Beaverton, Oregon, company has come a long way from its humble beginnings. It was founded by University of Oregon track and field coach Bill Bowerman and middle-distance runner Phil Knight in 1964 and was first called Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, the company changed its name to Nike (Greek mythology's goddess of victory) with the now iconic "swoosh" designed by a Portland State University student.

BOWERMAN'S ROLE. Coach Bowerman was a true innovator because he constantly sought ways to give his athletes a competitive edge. He experimented with many factors affecting running performance, from different track surfaces to rehydration drinks. Bowerman's biggest focus, however, was on providing a better running shoe for his athletes. While sitting at the breakfast table one Sunday morning and absentmindedly looking at his waffle iron, Bowerman had an epiphany. He poured hot, liquid urethane into the waffle iron—ruining it in the process but coming up with the now famous waffle-type sole that not only provided better traction but was also lighter than traditional running shoes.

ENTER KNIGHT. After completing his undergraduate degree at the University of Oregon and serving in the U.S. Army, Phil Knight entered the MBA program at Stanford. One entrepreneurship class required him to come up with a business idea. He wrote a term paper on how to disrupt the leading athletic shoemaker, adidas. The research question he came up with was, "Can

Japanese sports shoes do to German sports shoes what Japanese cameras have done to German cameras?"

At that time, adidas athletic shoes were the gold standard. They were also expensive and hard to find in the United States. After several failed attempts to interest Japanese sneaker makers, Knight struck a distribution agreement with Tiger Shoes. After his first shipment arrived in the United States, Phil Knight sent some of the running shoes to his former coach, Bill Bowerman, hoping to make a sale. To his surprise,

Bowerman replied that he was interested in becoming a business partner and contributing his innovative ideas on how to improve running shoes, including the waffle design. With an investment of $500 each and a handshake, the venture commenced.

Creating Heroes

Nike had already reached a level of success by the late 1970s. Based on a highly successful string of innovations including Nike Air, by 1979 the company had captured more than a 50 percent market share for running shoes in the United States. A year later, Nike went public. Even so, the company had yet to establish one of its most effective marketing tactics.

In 1984, Nike signed Michael Jordan—still early in his career, before he was hailed by many as the greatest basketball player of all time—with an unprecedented multimillion-dollar endorsement deal. Rather than spreading its marketing budget more widely as was common in the sports industry at that time, Nike made the unorthodox move to spend basically its entire budget for a specific sport on a single star athlete. Nike sought to sponsor future superstars that embodied an unlikely success story. Michael Jordan did not make the varsity team as a junior in high school, and yet he became the greatest basketball player ever. Nike's Air Jordan basketball shoes are all-time classics that remain popular to this day.

In the 1990s and 2000s, Nike continued to sponsor track and field stars such as Marion Jones as well as Kobe Bryant in basketball. With the help of major celebrity endorsements, Nike was also able to move on to different sports and their superstars, including golf with Tiger Woods, cycling with Lance Armstrong, soccer with Wayne Rooney, and football with Michael Vick. If some of those names trigger memories of scandals as well as athletic achievements, you see the problems that Nike risks with its endorsement program. Before going into the negatives, let's examine the powerful message behind such endorsements.

Nike is less about running shoes or sports apparel than about unlocking human potential. This is captured in Nike's mission to bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world (and if you have a body, you are an athlete). ² Nike uses its heroes to tell a story whose moral is that through sheer will, tenacity, and hard work, anyone can unlock the hero within and achieve amazing things. Nike will help everyone become a hero. Just Do It! This type of mythical brand image has allowed Nike to not only enter but also often

Oscar Pistorius (left) and Lance Armstrong (right), some of Nike's past celebrity endorsements.

dominate one sport after another, from running to ice hockey. It spends more than $1 billion a year sponsoring athletes. Nike picks athletes that succeeded against the odds—cancer survivor Lance Armstrong, double amputee "blade runner" Oscar Pistorius, and other athletes hailing from disadvantaged backgrounds.

Nike astutely focuses on its core competency in athlete sponsorship and design, while it outsources noncore activities such as manufacturing and much of retailing. To create heroes, Nike has to engage in a number of activities: Find athletes that succeed against the odds; identify them before they are wellknown superstars; sign the athletes; create products that are closely linked with the athlete; promote the athletes or teams and Nike products through TV ads and social media to create the desired image; and so on. Each activity contributes to the relative value of the product and service offering in the eyes of potential customers and the firm's relative cost position vis-å-vis its rivals. Over time, Nike developed a deep expertise in creating heroes. More importantly, having consistently better expectations of the future value of resources allows Nike not only to shape the desired image of the athlete, but also to capture some of the value these athletes create.

When Heroes Fall

Although this core competency made Nike highly successful, it has not been without considerable risks. Repeatedly, Nike's "heroes" have become unmasked as cheaters, frauds, and criminals, some of whom have committed serious felonies, such as (culpable) homicide. Long-time CEO and Chairman Phil Knight long ago declared that scandals surrounding its superstar endorsement athletes are "part of the game."3 So Nike appears to be comfortable in tolerating those risks, at least in some cases.

Sometimes Nike continued to sponsor its athletes involved in various scandals; other times it terminated its lucrative endorsement contracts. Nike continued to sponsor NBA star Kobe Bryant who was cleared of alleged rape charges. After Tiger Woods was engulfed in an infidelity scandal, Nike continued to sponsor the golf superstar. In 2007, Nike ended its endorsement contract with NFL quarterback Michael Vick after a public outcry and his subsequent felony conviction of running a dog-fighting ring and engaging in animal cruelty. In 2011, after serving a prison sentence and restarting his career at the Philadelphia Eagles, Nike signed a new endorsement deal with Vick. In 2012, Nike terminated its long-term relationship with disgraced cyclist Lance Armstrong. Just before Armstrong's public admission to doping in an interview with Oprah Winfrey, Knight answered, "Never say never," when asked if Nike would sponsor Armstrong again in the future. In 2013, Nike removed its ads with Oscar Pistorius and the unfortunate tagline "I am the bullet in the chamber," after the South African track and field athlete was charged with homicide.

In 2014, Nike got entangled in the FIFA (the world governing body of soccer) bribery scandal. It began 20 years earlier when Nike decided to gain a stronger presence in soccer after the 1994 World Cup was held in the United States. In 1996, Nike signed a long-term sponsorship agreement with the Brazilian national team worth hundreds of millions of dollars. This was a huge win for Nike because soccer has been the basis of adidas' success, much like running and basketball has been for Nike. Moreover, Brazil won the tournament five times (more than any other nation) and is the only team to have played in every tournament, which is only held every four years.

Nike is now alleged to have paid some $30 million to a middleman, who used that money for bribing

soccer officials and politicians in Brazil. This middleman—Jose Hawilla—has admitted a number of crimes including fraud, money laundering, and extortion related to the FIFA soccer investigation by U.S. prosecutors.

Time and time again Nike's heroes have fallen from grace, and the company itself has fallen under suspicion of wrongdoing. Clearly, Nike's approach in building its core competency of creating heroes is not without risks. Too many of these public relations disasters combined with too severe shortcomings of some of Nike's most celebrated heroes could damage the company's reputation and lead to a loss of competitive advantage. As Nike veers from one public relations disaster to the next, disappointment with the brand and its promise may eventually set in, causing customers to go elsewhere.

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

1.     The MiniCase indicates that Nike's core competency is to create heroes. What does this mean? How did Nike build its core competency? Does it, for example, identify and leverage the potential identified in a VRIO analysis (are its competencies valuable, rare, inimitable, and organized to capture value) in a resource-based view of the firm?

2.     What would it take for Nike's approach to turn from a strength into a weakness? Did this tipping point already occur? Why or why not?

3.     What recommendations would you have for Nike? Can you identify a way to reframe the competency of creating heroes? Or a new way to think of heroes, teams, or sports that would continue to build the brand?

4.     If you are a competitor of Nike (such as adidas, Under Armour, New Balance, or Li-Ning), how could you exploit Nike's apparent vulnerability?

Provide a set of concrete recommendations.

can anyone summarize for me the below passage and to add for me some information that u get from the below passage

Thank You

Theory of Reasoned Action stresses the importance of attitudes and intentions in changing a behavior. According to this theory, the most important determinant of behavior is intention.23 Very few actions that produce a healthy outcome happen without ample knowledge and full intention to practice the healthy behavior. Two cognitive processes are at work to develop healthy behaviors: 1) belief about what significant others think, and 2) personal motivation to comply with those significant people. Other external variables that will influence attitudes and thus behaviors are internally processed within the context of significance. According to the Theory of Reasoned Action, people make rational decisions based on their knowledge, personal values and attitudes. Therefore, a person's intent to perform a certain action is the most immediate and relevant predictor of carrying out that action. Behavioral beliefs and normative beliefs are two kinds of beliefs that shape intentions.23 Behavioral beliefs are the attitudes held by the individual alone. A person forms attitudes based on relative risks, benefits, and possible outcomes. Therefore, personal knowledge and perception of personal health importance influence behavioral beliefs. Normative beliefs are those held by other people who influence the individual. If a certain behavior is expected or is the social norm, or is expected by someone of importance to the individual, those expectations will have a bearing on an individual's intentions and, therefore, affect his or her behavior. 23 Intentions will only predict behavior if they are stable and consistent.23 When faced with an unexpected obstacle, an individual might change his or her intentions and neglect to carry out the originally intended behavior. Another limitation of this theory is that intentions must be matched very closely to the behavior to have predictive power. Social norms and community expectations are powerful predictors of individual behavior, according to the Theory of Reasoned Action. When using this theory in a community intervention, the behavior of the collective community may be more easily predicted than that of the individual. Social norms do not change as readily as individual choices; therefore, social norms are more stable and provide strong normative beliefs to those in a close community. 23 The Theory of Reasoned Action helps explain an individual's perceptions of normal and expected behavior. The theory seems to be most successful in predicting behaviors that are completely within the individual's control and in which intentions remain stable, such as daily oral hygiene practices. Extraneous factors outside of the individual's control, such as fatigue or change of environment, may quickly change intentions and therefore change behavior and outcome. This theory has proven to be effective in influencing oral hygiene in young adults. The social expectations of the group had a strong influence on their oral hygiene behavior. 10,23 Applying this concept to patient education, a teenager may consistently practice oral hygiene at home, but a change in environment, such as moving to student housing at college, may change intentions and behavior. Fatigue associated with student life also might affect nightly oral health practices.

B. Please read the brief description and respond to the questions. Please be clear and specific. Check your work as this is not an easy problem. Situation: A small Canadian company has contracted to purchase 200,000 toys for 3.50 British pounds each, from a British company. The Canadians have agreed to pay for the toys in British pound sterling. The Canadians have also agreed to sell the toys to a U.S. company for USD$ 5.50 per toy. The Canadian company has agreed to accept U.S. dollars from the U.S. sales but plans to convert these revenues to Canadian dollars. The Canadian company estimates its marginal (additional cost per unit) costs (warehousing, insurance, transportation, and so on) as an additional Cnd$.75 per toy. Exchange rates at the time of signing the agreements are as follows: Cnd$ 1 = USD$ .68 Cnd$ 1 = British pound .54 Questions:

1. On the line below indicate whether the firm earned a profit or loss from this deal and what was the dollar amount of the profit or loss in total. (Clearly state if a profit or loss was earned, what it was in total (not per unit) and show profit or loss calculation clearly with labels in space below)
_________Place word profit or loss on line.
_________Place amount on line. Show work clearly below: 2. a) What impact would a depreciation of the U.S. dollar relative to the Canadian dollar have on the Canadian company’s profits/loss? You must look at the impact on Revenue and/or Costs for # 2,3, and 4. (chose increase profit, increase loss, decrease profit, decrease loss, or no change and place on line below) _________Ans. Why?

3. a) What impact would a depreciation of the British pound relative to the Canadian dollar have on the Canadian company’s profit/loss? (increase profit, decrease profit, increase loss, decrease loss, or no change on line below) ____________Ans. Why?
4. a) What impact would a depreciation of the British pound relative to the U.S. dollar have on the Canadian company’s profit/loss? ((increase profit, decrease profit, increase loss, decrease loss, or no change on line below) ____________Ans. Why?
5. If exchange rates changed to the exchange rate shown below, state/show the amount of the Canadian company’s total profit or loss on the deal now? (Show profit or loss calculation clearly). Cnd$ 1 = USD$ .64 Cnd$ 1 = British pound .40 _________Place word profit or loss on line. _________Place amount on line. Show work clearly below: