Airbnb, a popular home-sharing website founded in San Francisco in 2008, offers millions of homes for
short-term rental in more than 190 countries. This company has revolutionized the sharing economy in
the same way that ride-sharing services such as Uber and Lyft have, and according to the company, the
site’s drive to connect hosts and potential renters has been able to contribute to the quality of life of
both homeowners and travelers. According to Airbnb’s press releases and information campaigns, their
services can reduce housing costs for travelers on a budget and can provide unique experiences for
adventurous travelers who wish to have the flexibility to experience a city like a local. The organization
also claims that most of its users are homeowners looking to supplement their incomes by renting out
rooms in their homes or by occasionally renting out their whole homes. According to a statement, most
of the listings on the site are rented out fewer than 50 nights per year.

Despite the carefully crafted messages Airbnb has presented to the public, in 2016 the company came
under intense scrutiny when independent analyses by researchers and journalists revealed something
startling: While some Airbnb hosts did in fact use the services only occasionally, a significant number of
hosts were using the services as though they were hotels. These hosts purchased a large number of
properties and continuously rented them, a practice that affected the availability of affordable housing in
cities and, because these hosts were not officially registered as hoteliers, made it possible for Airbnb
hosts to avoid paying the taxes and abiding by the laws that hotels are subject to.

Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 mandates that hotels and other public accommodations must not
discriminate based on race, national origin, sex, or religion, and Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968
(also known as the Fair Housing Act [FHA]) prohibits discrimination specifically in housing. However,
Airbnb’s unique structure allows it to circumvent those laws. The company also claims that while it
encourages hosts to comply with local and federal laws, it is absolved from responsibility if any of its
hosts break these laws. In 2017, researcher Ben Edelman conducted a field experiment and found that
Airbnb users looking to rent homes were 16% less likely to have their requests to book accepted if they
had traditionally African American sounding names like Tamika, Darnell, and Rasheed.

These findings, coupled with a viral social media campaign, #AirbnbWhileBlack, in which users claimed
they were denied housing requests based on their race, prompted the state of California’s Department
of Fair Employment and Housing (DFEH) to file a complaint against the company. In an effort to resolve the complaint, Airbnb reported banning any hosts who were found to have engaged in discriminatory
practices, and they hired former U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder and former ACLU official Laura
Murphy to investigate any claims of discrimination within the company.31 In 2016, Airbnb released a
statement outlining changes to company practices and policies to combat discrimination, and while they
initially resisted demands by the DFEH to conduct an audit of their practices, the company eventually
agreed to an audit of roughly 6,000 of the hosts in California who have the highest volume of properties
listed on the site.

Sources: AirBnB Press Room, accessed December 24, 2018, https://press.atairbnb.com/about-us/;
“Airbnb's data shows that Airbnb helps the middle class. But does it?”, The Guardian, accessed December
23, 2018, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/jul/27/airbnb-panel-democratic-nationalconvention-
survey ; and Quittner, Jeremy, “Airbnb and Discrimination: Why It’s All So Confusing”,
Fortune, June 23, 2016, http://fortune.com/2016/06/23/airbnb-discrimination-laws/ (Links to an external site.).

Discussion Questions
1. What are some efforts companies in the sharing economy can take before problems of
discrimination threaten to disrupt operations?
2. Should Airbnb be held responsible for discriminatory actions of its hosts?

Mackenzie Inc. uses a perpetual inventory system and has prepared the following adjusted trial balance on December 31, 2016:

Mackenzie Inc.

ADJUSTED TRIAL BALANCE

December 31, 2016

CHART OF ACCOUNTSMackenzie Inc.General Ledger

Prepare the company’s closing entries on December 31.

PAGE 12

GENERAL JOURNAL

prepare the company’s income statement for 2016. Additional Instructions

Prepare the statement of retained earnings for 2016. Additional Instructions

Refer to the Chart of Accounts and the list of Labels and Amount Descriptions provided for the exact wording of the answer choices for text entries.

“Less:” or “Plus:” will appear automatically, if needed.

Use the minus sign to indicate all negative values. For ex: Less: Accumulated depreciation is entered -### for (###).

Prepare the balance sheet at December 31, 2016. Additional Instructions

You are a Junior Accountant for X-RAY Inc., and you receive from the CFO the following information which affects the Financial Statements of the company.

X-RAY Incorporate

Unadjusted Trial Balance 31.12.2016 Debit Credit

Required: Prepare the Journal, the Ledger, the adjusted Trial Balance, the Balance Sheet & Income Statement at 31/12/2016 considering the following business events not recorded yet in the financial statements.

Depreciation

You are performing the year-end adjustments at 31/12/2016

Journalize the necessary entries for the transactions listed below at 31/12/2016 closing.

a) Calculate the Annual Depreciation Expense for all the Tangible Assets listed in the table before.

b) Journalize the Depreciation adjustments entries.

Accruals & Deferrals

Journalize the necessary entries for the transactions listed below at 31/12/2016 closing.

a) X-Ray Inc., where you work pays in advance 5.000 € of Rent Expense. The Rent contract is annual, and is signed every 30/04.

b) X-Ray Inc., receives and pays in advance every two months the Water Supply bill. The last bill was dated on 01/12/2016 for the Water consumption of December’16 and January’17, for 250

€.

c) Collects from a good client, 30.000 €, for a sales project to be started during the month of January 2017.

d) In 2015, signed a Sales contract of 10.000 €, and was fully paid in advance. The X-Ray Inc. Chief Financial Officer (CFO), estimates that at 31/12/2016 the project is 50% done.

e) In December 2016, the Company is informed that one of its vehicles has received a fine of 140

€ because of high speed driving. The due-date of the fine is at 30/03/2017.

Accounts Receivables

In the following graph, you can see a break-down of Accounts Receivables, along with its due dates.

Required:

Your boss, the CFO, asks you to perform the Bad-Debts calculations at year end 31/12/2016. He gives you the following instructions. Journalize the following events at 31.12.2016, following the CFO instructions:

1-) All the Accounts Receivables which are unpaid for more than 90 days, must be written-off. 2-) Allocate an Allowance for Doubtful accounts of 50%, for all the remaining unpaid accounts. 3-) Allocate an Allowance for Doubtful accounts for 5% for the remaining amount of Accounts Receivables.

Notes Receivables

X- Ray Inc. experiences the following business events regarding some Notes Receivables:

a) At 01/09/2016, performs two Sale Projects to INKJET SL: Project A for 35.000 €, and Project B for 15.000 €. We agree to receive both payments with a Notes Receivable with a maturity of 60 days.

b) As we need Cash, the CFO decides to discount Project A Notes, with the Bank. The expenses for bank services were €100, and the interest for discounting the notes was 3% of the total Amount.

c) At the maturity date, the Bank informs us that the client has paid 50% of the Notes Receivables of Project A. Project B remains fully unpaid.

d) The CFO decides to allocate 100% of Allowance of Bad Debts for the remaining amounts because he has red in the newspaper that INKJET SL went bankrupt.

Loans

At 01/01/2016, your company signs a Loan contract with CAIXABANK to fund a new project, with the following conditions:

Loan Amount: 125.000 €. Interest Rate: 5%. Term: 5 years. Payment of Interests: In advance the day of the loan signature.

Lab 11. Simple Harmonic Motion

Introduction

Lots of things vibrate or oscillate. A vibrating tuning fork, a moving child’s playground swing, and the speaker in a headphone are all examples of physical vibrations. There are also electrical and acoustical vibrations, such as radio signals and the sound you get when blowing across the top of an open bottle. Adding heat to a solid increases the vibration of atoms and molecules. One simple system that vibrates is a mass hanging from a spring. The force applied by an ideal spring is proportional to how much it is stretched or compressed. Given this force behavior, the up and down motion of the mass is called simple harmonic and the position can be modeled with

y = Asin(2πft +ф)

In this equation, y is the vertical displacement from the equilibrium position, A is the amplitude of the motion, f is the frequency (number of oscillations per second), t is the time, and ф is a phase constant that tells us the value of y at t = 0. This experiment will clarify each of these terms. The frequency where k is the spring constant and m is the mass.

Objectives

• Measure the position and velocity as a function of time for an oscillating mass and spring system.
• Determine the amplitude, period, and phase constant of the observed simple harmonic motion.
• Compare the observed motion of a mass and spring system to a mathematical model of simple harmonic motion.

Task:

          Complete the tables

          Analysis Part 1: #3&4

          Extension: #6

3. Does the frequency, f, appear to depend on the amplitude of the motion? Do you have enough data to draw a firm conclusion?

4. Does the frequency, f, appear to depend on the mass used? Did it change much in your tests?

6. Did the introduction of damping have a significant effect on the frequency? On the damping coefficient?

Data Tables

Find the spring constant: k=                            

Ф=3.708

In c++ how do I search a vector for a name and then determine if the name is found?

What is a disadvantage of Cramer’s V when it comes to measuring the strength of the association between two nominal scale variables?

A 24.0-V battery is connected in series with a resistor and an inductor, with R = 4.60 Ω and L = 7.00 H, respectively.

(a) Find the energy stored in the inductor when the current reaches its maximum value. ________J

(b) Find the energy stored in the inductor at an instant that is a time interval of one time constant after the switch is closed. ________J