Assume that ACW Corporation has 2018 taxable income of $1,040,000 for purposes of computing the §179 expense. The company acquired the following assets during 2018 (assume no bonus depreciation): (Use MACRS Table 1, Table 2, and Table 5).

1. What is the maximum amount of §179 expense ACW may deduct for 2018?
2. What is the maximum total depreciation that ACW may deduct in 2018 on the assets it placed in service in 2018? (Round your intermediate computations to the nearest whole dollar amount.)

The 2017 balance sheet of Kerber's Tennis Shop, Inc., showed $3 million in long-term debt, $700,000 in the common stock account, and $6.1 million in the additional paid-in surplus account. The 2018 balance sheet showed $3.55 million, $915,000, and $8 million in the same three accounts, respectively. The 2018 income statement showed an interest expense of $380,000. The company paid out $600,000 in cash dividends during 2018. If the firm's net capital spending for 2018 was $750,000 and the firm reduced its net working capital investment by $185,000, what was the firm's 2018 operating cash flow, or OCF?

A. $-1,685,000

B. $-3,450,000

C. $-1,120,000

D. $-2,320,000

E. $2,055,000

Price   Size   Pool   Garage
263.1   2300   1   1
182.4   2100   0   0
242.1   2300   0   0
213.6   2200   0   0
139.9   2100   0   0
245.4   2100   1   1
327.2   2500   0   1
271.8   2100   0   1
221.1   2300   1   0
266.6   2400   0   1
292.4   2100   0   1
209   1700   0   1
270.8   2500   0   1
246.1   2100   0   1
194.4   2300   0   0
281.3   2100   0   1
172.7   2200   1   0
207.5   2300   1   0
198.9   2200   1   1
209.3   1900   1   1
252.3   2600   0   1
192.9   1900   1   1
209.3   2100   0   0
345.3   2600   0   1
326.3   2100   0   1
173.1   2200   1   1
187   1900   0   0
257.2   2100   0   1
233   2200   0   1
180.4   2000   0   0
234   1700   0   1
207.1   2000   0   1
247.7   2400   0   1
166.2   2000   1   1
177.1   1900   0   1
182.7   2000   1   0
216   2300   0   0
312.1   2600   0   1
199.8   2100   0   1
273.2   2200   0   1
206   2100   1   0
232.2   1900   1   1
198.3   2100   1   1
205.1   2000   1   0
175.6   2300   1   1
307.8   2400   1   1
269.2   2200   0   1
224.8   2200   0   1
171.6   2000   1   0
216.8   2200   0   1
192.6   2200   1   0
236.4   2200   0   1
172.4   2200   0   0
251.4   1900   0   1
246   2300   0   1
147.4   1700   1   0
176   2200   0   1
228.4   2300   0   1
166.5   1600   1   0
189.4   2200   0   1
312.1   2400   0   1
289.8   2000   0   1
269.9   2200   1   1
154.3   2000   0   0
222.1   2100   0   1
209.7   2200   1   1
190.9   2200   1   1
254.3   2500   1   1
207.5   2100   1   0
209.7   2200   1   1
294   2100   0   1
176.3   2000   1   0
294.3   2400   0   1
224   1900   1   1
125   1900   0   0
236.8   2600   1   1
164.1   2300   0   0
217.8   2500   0   0
192.2   2400   0   0
125.9   2400   0   0
220.9   2300   1   1
294.5   2700   0   1
244.6   2300   0   1
199   2500   1   0
240   2600   0   1
263.2   2300   0   1
188.1   1900   0   1
243.7   2700   0   1
221.5   2300   0   1
175   2500   0   0
253.2   2300   0   1
155.4   2400   1   0
186.7   2500   1   0
179   2400   1   1
188.3   2100   1   1
227.1   2900   0   1
173.6   2100   1   1
188.3   2300   0   0
310.8   2900   0   1
293.7   2400   0   1
179   2400   0   1
188.3   2100   1   1
227.1   2900   0   0
173.6   2100   0   1
188.3   2300   0   1

At the beginning of 1976 a relative migrated to Australia with $10,000 ‘spare cash’. The money could have been used to buy a block of land or invested in an ‘at-call’ savings account that paid interest at 8% p.a. compounded half-yearly. At the end of 2018, the land was valued by a local real estate agent who was keen to list the property on behalf of his agency, at a price of approximately $400,000.

Required:

1. a) Which of the alternative investments had the higher value at the end of 2018? Justify your response with appropriate calculations.

(Students should write no more than 50 words for this part of the question).

b) i) Assuming the half-yearly compounding of interest, what was the rate of growth in the land value over the total period expressed as a nominal annual interest rate?

ii) What was the rate of growth in the land value over the total period expressed as an effective interest rate?

iii) What was the rate of growth in the ‘at-call’ savings account over the total period expressed as an effective interest rate?

1. c) What investment in the savings account would have been necessary at the beginning of 1976, to have the same value as the land was worth at the end of 2018? Briefly explain your response.

(Students should write no more than 50 words for this part of the question).

d) Recognising both your finance skills and ‘common sense’, one of your friends has asked whether your calculations above allow you to determine which of the investments would have been ‘better’ to make at the beginning of 1976, given the outcomes discussed above at the end of 2018. Provide a well-reasoned, complete response to this question taking into consideration various financial and non-financial issues.

(Students should write no more than 100 words for this part of the question).

1. d) i) You have now been provided further information that the investment in the land required the owner to make continuous annual payments of council rates over the total period held. These amounts are determined in accordance with Table 1 below. Assuming the land was sold at the end of 2018 (but ignoring the expected sale value), what is the adjusted present value at the beginning of 1976 of all the cash outflows relating to the acquisition and continued ownership of the land?

Note: For the purposes of this question assume the following:

1. Rates are payable on the anniversary of each year of land ownership.

2. The annual amount of the rates are determined in accordance with the following formula;

Initial Purchase Cost ($) x Factor (times) x Relevant Percentage (%)

3. Rates are still payable for the 2018 year (for the full year).

Table 1

ii) Taking into consideration the calculations from part e) i) of this question, what is the rate of growth in the land value over the total period expressed as an effective interest rate?

(Students should write no more than 50 words for this part of the question).

Consider the following abbreviated financial statements for Barrie Enterprises:

a. What is owner's equity for 2017 and 2018? (Negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Omit $ sign in your response.)

b. What is the change in net working capital for 2018? (Negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Omit $ sign in your response.)

Change in NWC           $

c1. In 2018, Barrie Enterprises purchased $1,890 in new fixed assets. How much in fixed assets did Barrie Enterprises sell? (Negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Omit $ sign in your response.)

Fixed assets sold           $

c2. In 2018, Barrie Enterprises purchased $1,890 in new fixed assets. What is the cash flow from assets for the year? (The tax rate is 35%.) (Negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Omit $ sign in your response.)

Cash flow from assets           $

d1. During 2018, Barrie Enterprises raised $378 in new long-term debt. How much long-term debt must Barrie Enterprises have paid off during the year? (Negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Omit $ sign in your response.)

Debt retired           $

d2. During 2018, Barrie Enterprises raised $378 in new long-term debt. What is the cash flow to creditors? (Negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Omit $ sign in your response.)

Cash flow to creditors           $

Exercise 22-19 A partial trial balance of Kingbird Corporation is as follows on December 31, 2018. Dr. Cr. Supplies $2,500 Salaries and wages payable $1,500 Interest Receivable 5,400 Prepaid Insurance 90,600 Unearned Rent 0 Interest Payable 13,900 Additional adjusting data: 1. A physical count of supplies on hand on December 31, 2018, totaled $1,000. 2. Through oversight, the Salaries and Wages Payable account was not changed during 2018. Accrued salaries and wages on December 31, 2018, amounted to $4,000. 3. The Interest Receivable account was also left unchanged during 2018. Accrued interest on investments amounts to $4,800 on December 31, 2018. 4. The unexpired portions of the insurance policies totaled $59,200 as of December 31, 2018. 5. $29,500 was received on January 1, 2018, for the rent of a building for both 2018 and 2019. The entire amount was credited to rent revenue. 6. Depreciation on equipment for the year was erroneously recorded as $5,200 rather than the correct figure of $52,000. 7. A further review of depreciation calculations of prior years revealed that equipment depreciation of $7,900 was not recorded. It was decided that this oversight should be corrected by a prior period adjustment.

Assuming that the books have not been closed, what are the adjusting entries necessary at December 31, 2018? (Ignore income tax considerations.)

Assuming that the books have been closed, what are the adjusting entries necessary at December 31, 2018? (Ignore income tax considerations.)

Pass the necessary adjusting entries for the following taking into account income tax effects (40% tax rate) and assuming that the books have been closed.

After finishing new hire training you have been immediately placed on an internal control design improvement assurance project. The client has asked your company to evaluate the design of their existing sales order processing internal controls and then to provide recommendations for how to improve the design. The client has indicated that if they are happy with the deliverable, your company might be hired for a second assessment designed to test the operating effectiveness of the internal controls. Your manager has asked you to (1) create an as-is model in Visio of the current system based on client interviews and (2) assess weaknesses in the design of the company’s internal controls based on the as-is model. You have also been provided your company’s control design matrix template that you will use to document your control design assessment. You are supposed to wrap up all work and give your manager the as-is Visio model and the control design assessment matrix on the dates indicate in the project SOW (syllabus) – note that the as-is Visio model and the control design assessment matrix are due on different dates. As your deliverables will be handed to the client, it is important that they look professional and do not contain any spelling or grammatical errors.

You decide to start interviewing Jane Humphrey, the client’s Director of Operations, to get an overview of the sales order process and to get a list of contacts to talk to. The following is an abbreviated version of your notes from the interview with Jane.

Jane Humphrey, Director of Operations

You: Can you provide me a high-level overview of how you process sales orders?

Jane: All of our customers are large manufacturers that purchase our products on credit. We recently changed our system for how customers submit customer orders and I am now pleased to be able to say that we receive 100% of our customer orders electronically via an EDI interface. After receiving a customer order, it is printed and used to check the customer’s credit. Assuming the credit is approved, which is almost always the case, the goods are then moved from the warehouse to the shipping dock and shipped. We try to send out the customer invoice as soon as possible to minimize the time between shipping the goods and receiving the customer’s payment. We also have an accounting department that updates various accounting records, but I am not too familiar with this side of our business.

You: Are there any sales order processing issues that keep you up at night?

Jane: Well, we never used to have problems with receiving payments for shipped products, but after the recent financial crisis it seems like more and more customers are not able to pay for the products they have ordered. This is surprising to me as we do have a pretty stringent credit process in place. I am also concerned with over- and under-shipments of products. There seems to be some miscommunication between the warehouse and the shipping department, but I am not sure what is going on. While I am sure that accounting is doing things correctly I am also concerned with the time it takes for us to maintain a large number of different accounting records. It seems like many of these accounting records contain more or less the same information.

You: Thank you, I will keep these issues in mind in my review. Who do you suggest I talk to next? I would like to talk to at least one individual in each group that is involved in sales order processing, and preferably individuals that perform one or more of the processing steps.

Jane: Scott Taylor is our most experienced sales representative and he knows the sales process inside and out. Stephen Smith is our warehouse gang leader; he can point you in the right direction if you need to talk to a record clerk or order filler. Melissa Foster in shipping has been with us for a very long time and can tell you all you need to know about our shipping processes. I suggest you get in contact with our controller, Alicia Johnson, to find out more about the accounting processes. They already know that you are here and they expect to be contacted by you.

The following are excerpts from your interviews with Scott Taylor, Stephen Smith, Melissa Foster, and Alicia Johnson:

Scott Taylor, Sales Representative

You: Can you please explain the activities you perform in the sales department when you receive a new customer order?

Scott: We receive most customer orders via EDI. Being that they are electronic they go directly in to our customer order database from which we print hardcopy customer orders. We then use these hardcopies and pull the customer’s credit information, which includes outstanding orders, accounts receivable, and credit limit, from the customer master table, which is a database that is located in the sales department. In this step we compare the total of each customer’s current outstanding orders, current accounts receivable, and the new order to each customer’s respective credit limit. Assuming that the customer has enough credit we then make a note of the approval on the customer order and use the approved customer order to prepare a sales order using prenumbered sales order forms. One copy of the sales order is placed in the open sales order filing cabinet along with the original customer order. We also send copies of the sales orders to the warehouse and to accounting. Later in the process, after the shipping department has shipped the ordered goods, they send us an electronic shipping notification. We pull the corresponding sales order and customer order from file and compare the sales order to the shipping notification information. If they match then we store the sales order and the customer order in the closed sales order file in numeric order.             

You: Who is responsible for performing the credit check?

Scott: We prefer that the sales representative that is the owner of the account verifies the customer’s credit as they know their customer better than anyone else and as they can more quickly resolve any credit issues with the customer. However, if that person is not available then anyone that has time takes care of it so that we can start processing the order as quickly as possible.

Stephen Smith, Warehouse Gang Leader

You: Can you please explain the activities you perform in the Warehouse when you receive a new sales order?

Stephen: After we receive a stock release from the sales department, we compare the items ordered to the stock records to find the location of the items ordered by the customer. We then pick the items and for every item we pick we make a note on the stock release indicating that the item was picked.   After we have picked all available items on the stock release we send the goods and the stock release over to the shipping department. Actually, before sending this to the shipping department we first update our own inventory records to reduce the quantity of goods on hand.

You: You mentioned that you received a stock release from the sales department, is that the sales order copy from sales? Also what is the name of the record you use to keep inventory information?

Stephen: Yes, when we receive the sales order we simply refer to it as a stock release since it authorizes us to pick and remove goods from the warehouse. As far as the inventory information record, we simply call it the “stock records.” It is a small database that we use to keep track of goods received and removed from the Warehouse, the location of the goods, etc.

You: You also said that after you have picked all available items, does that mean that you sometimes send partially picked orders over to shipping?

Stephen:    Yes.

Melissa Foster, Shipping Clerk

You: Can you please explain the activities you perform in shipping when you receive goods and the stock release from the Warehouse?

Melissa: After receiving inventory from the warehouse, I first examine the goods and the stock release for errors, I then use the stock release to prepare a bill of lading and packing slip. To prepare the bill of lading and the packing slip I use a handheld device to look up information from the customer master database located in sales. The bill of lading and the packing slip are then given to the carrier who delivers the goods to the customer. I then use the stock release to create an electronic shipping notice that I email to the billing department and the sales department. We finally file the stock release in chronological order in a filing cabinet.

Alicia Johnson, Controller

You: Can you please provide a high-level overview of the role of the accounting department in sales order processing.

Alicia: The billing department both invoices the customer and updates the sales journal. We also have a department that posts transactions to the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger and the general ledger.

You: Are there any problems in sales order processing that keep you up at night?

Alicia: I am worried about our credit authorization processes. The company wants the sales department to control this activity to provide more personalized customer service. However, our sales department is paid partially on commission and this creates a conflict of interest.

You: Thank you, this is something that I will keep in mind during my review. Who do you suggest I talk to in the billing department and in the AR/GL department?

Alicia: Sue White in billing should be available today if you have time and I can contact Jim Harris in our “AR/GL department” as you called it.

The following are excerpts from your interviews with Sue White and Jim Harris:

Sue White, Billing Supervisor

You: Can you please explain the activities you perform in billing?

Sue: After the sales order arrives from the sales department we file it in numeric order in our filing cabinet while waiting to receive the shipping notice from the shipping department. After receiving the shipping notice, we reconcile the sales order and shipping notice information to verify that what was shipped was actually what was ordered. If the two documents match then we enter the sales order information into a computer program. The computer program then pulls information from the customer master table to create the invoice that is sent electronically to the customer. The sales order is then filed in chronological order in a filing cabinet, in which we store documents that we have not yet used to update our accounting books.

You: Do you do this?

Sue: Yes, I do this. However, I do not enter the sales order information for invoice preparation. Ken Weiss, who is my billing specialist, is responsible for doing this.

You: Can you describe how you update the accounting books?

Sue: I periodically pull sales orders from the filing cabinet and enter this information into the sales journal and the accounts receivable subsidiary ledgers. I then periodically also prepare a sales journal voucher and an accounts receivable summary based on the information in the sales journal and the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger, respectively. These two documents are then sent to Jim Harris.

Jim Harris, Assistant Controller

You: Can you please explain the activities you perform related to sales order processing?

Jim: I am responsible for keeping track of inventory and maintaining the general ledger. I update the inventory subsidiary ledger using the information on the sales journal voucher. I also reconcile the sales journal voucher and the accounts receivable summary to make sure there are no errors before I update the general ledger inventory and accounts receivable control accounts.

Case Requirements:

1) Create a system/document flowchart of the existing system.

Identify some non-communicable diseases. Why is screening tests necessary?

How Can Screening for Disease Address the Burden of Non-communicable Disease? – pg. 130-137-Public Health 101.