Many research studies have been conducted to examine how different organizations are on implementing knowledge management process. For example, studies have proved that larger firms have more resources to utilize, and so they have taken more efforts to implement knowledge management process. The Journal of Business Research (Aug. 2014) published a study* discussing the relationship between knowledge management process and organizational performance. The table below shows the percentage of different size of firms participated in the study. These firms have been classified in terms of number of employees working.

1. Randomly select one of the participated company from this study. Let x be the number of employees working in the company. Write the probability distribution of this x.

2. What is the probability that the selected company employs more than 50 employees?

3. Find E(x) and σ. Interpret the result.

1. Determine each of the following is true or false? If false, provide a counterexample.
(a) Let X be a continuous random variable which has the pdf fX. Then, for each x, 0 ≤ fX(x) ≤ 1.

(b) Any two independent random variables have ρXY = 0.

(c) Let X and Y be random variables such that E[XY ] = E[X]E[Y ]. Then, X and Y are independent.

2. Ann plays a game with Bob. Ann draws a number X1 ∼ U(0,1) and Bob draws a number X2 ∼ U(0,1). Assume X1 and X2 are independent.
(a) Calculate the conditional probability of Ann winning the game given Ann draws x1 ∈ [0,1].

(b) Calculate the probability of Ann winning the game. Hint: this is equal to P(X1 > X2). You may calculate this directly using integration; An alternative way is to use a geometric intuition. If x-axis represents x1 and y-axis represents x2, what does the set of (x1,x2) such that x1 > x2 look like? What is the size of this set?

a) A bank is interested in studying the number of people who use the ATM. On average, 2 customers walk up to the ATM during any 10 minute. Find the probability in each case.

i) Atleast 5 customer in 20 minutes.

ii) Fewer than 6 but more than 2 customer in 10 minutes.

b) Anderson Research is a full-service marketing research consulting firm. Recently it was retained to do a project for a major U.S. airline. The airline was considering changing from an assignedseating reservation system to one in which fliers would be able to take any seat they wished on a first-come, first-served basis. The airline believes that 70% of its fliers would like this change if it was accompanied with a reduction in ticket prices. Anderson Research will survey a large number of customers on this issue, but prior to conducting the full research, it has selected a random sample of 20 customers. Find the probability in each case:

i) Atleast 12 like the proposed change

b) More than 9 but less than 16 like the proposed change.

A marketing director needs to estimate the demand for a new product and she obtains the pessimistic, the optimistic and the most likely estimates of the demand from the company's store manager. What probability distribution should be used to describe this random variable in computer simulation?

QUESTION

Which of the following statements is true with regard to uncertain variables in RSPE software?

QUESTION

Which of the following statements is true?

A survey was conducted to determine, on average, how long patients have to wait to see a doctor. The number of patients that ended up waiting up to 2 hours to see a doctor, recorded in 10-minute intervals, is given in the table below.
a) Define and name the random variable associated with this data.
b) Find the probability distribution for the random variable and draw the corresponding histogram. Express all probabilities as a fraction in lowest terms.
c) What is the probability that a patient had to wait between 20 and 50 minutes?
d) What is the expected number of minutes a patient must wait? Give an exact answer. (2 marks

e) Calculate the standard deviation for this distribution. Explain what it means in the context of this problem.
2.

Waiting Time in minutes
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120 Frequency of Occurrence
1
4
15
20
35
42
28
19
13
5
2
1
e) Calculate the standard deviation for this distribution. Explain what it means in the context of this problem.

Compute in excel

A college admission officer for an MBA program determines that historically candidates have undergraduate grade averages that are normally distributed with standard deviation of .45. A random sample of 25 applications from the current year yields a sample mean grade point average of 2.90. (i) Find a 95% confidence interval for the population mean, μ. (Round the boundaries to 2 decimal places.) (ii) Based on the same sample results, a statistician computes a confidence interval for the population mean as 2.81< μ < 2.99. Find the α for this interval and the probability content (1- α) as well. (Round to 4 digits.) (Note: the correct α is a higher number than traditional α used; so don’t worry if your number “looks” wrong!) Hint: first calculate α/2 using either the lower bound (2.81) or upper bound (2.99); then calculate α. Finally, calculate the probability content of the interval, which is (1- α). And make sure you use the standard error, not the standard deviation, to calculate α/2.

Timing-Waiting Lines

Joe Hammer is thinking about setting up a special counter for the do-it-yourself customers at which they can get, not only help where to find products in the store, but also some quick advice about the best way to handle their upcoming projects. Experience has taught Joe that six minutes is a good figure to allow for the average time required to serve a “do-it-yourselfer” and that these customers will arrive every 15 minutes throughout the day.

a.) If joe sets up the counter under these conditions, what operating characteristics might he expect?

b.) What might Joe do to avoid the costs of idleness?

c.) What is the likelihood(probability) that three or more customers will be at the counter, either waiting or being served, at any given time?

Calculate the Utilization rate, idleness rate, Average time in queue, Average time in system, Average number in queue, Average number in system, and probability that three or more customers will be in the counter system at the same time.

Please show calculation for each question, thank you.

The AB Charity is planning its annual campaign to raise money. This year, three alternative methods are being considered: (i) street collections, (ii) a television advertising campaign and (iii) a direct-mail appeal. After using simulation to assess the risk associated with the alternatives the charity’s managers have opted for a direct-mail appeal. The direct-mail appeal will involve sending out 343,000 letters to selected people. To encourage donation these will include a free ballpoint pen displaying the charity’s logo and people not replying after three weeks will receive a reminder. While the fixed costs of the campaign and the cost of sending out each letter and reminder are known for certain, the charity’s managers have had to estimate probability distributions for the following four factors:

a) The percentage of people who will reply to the first letter in the North (N), Central (C) and South (S) regions of the country, respectively.

(b) The average donation of those replying to the first letter in each of these regions.

(c) The percentage of people who will reply to the reminder in each of the three regions.

(d) The average donation of those replying to the reminder in each of the regions Probability distributions have been estimated for the different regions because their different economic conditions are likely to have a major effect on people’s propensity to donate to the charity.

Figure 12.6 shows the cumulative probability distribution of net returns (i.e., the total value of donations less the cost of running the direct-mail appeal). It can be seen that there is approximately a 20% probability that the net returns will be negative, causing the charity to lose money. In the simulation the possible losses extended to nearly $150 000.

The managers of the charity are keen to take action to reduce this risk, but are not sure where their actions should be directed.

Figure 12.7 shows a tornado diagram for the appeal. The numbers at the ends of the bars show what are thought to be the highest and lowest possible values for each factor. For example, the possible average donation in the North is thought to range from $2 to $17.

****There should be an influence diagram, and you could graph the expected outcome before and after risk mitigation.

(a) Identify the areas where risk management is likely to be most effective.

(b) Create a set of possible risk management strategies that might reduce the risk of the charity losing money and increase its expected return.

ConvertingDecimalValuesintoBina ry,andViceVersa. PartA Being able to convert decimal values to binary (and vice versa) is very important in networking because this is the basis for how subnetting is done. You may have done some
of these exercises in high school and probably didn’t know why it was important to be able to convert decimal values into binary, and vice versa. This hands-on activity will help yourecallhowthisisdoneorwillteachhowtodoitincase youneverseenthisbefore.
152 Chapter 5 Network and Transport Layers
As you know, an IPv4 address consists of 32 bits that have been separated into 4 bytes (sometimes called octets), for example, 129.79.126.1. This is called the dotted decimal address. Each byte has 8 bits, and each of these bits can assumeavalueof0or1.Thefollowingtableshowshowwe converteachbinarypositiontoadecimalvalue:
Binaryposition 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 Decimalvalue 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
To practice the conversion from binary to decimal, let’s doacoupleproblemstogether: 1. You have the following binary number: 10101010. Convertitintodecimal. 10101010=(1 ∗ 128)+(0 ∗ 64)+(1 ∗ 32) +( 0 ∗ 16)+(1 ∗ 8)+(0 ∗ 4) +( 1 ∗ 2)+(0 ∗ 1)=128 +31+8+2 = 170 2. You have the following binary number: 01110111. Convertitintodecimal. 01110111=(0×128)+(1 ∗ 64)+(1 ∗ 32) +( 1 ∗ 16)+(0 ∗ 8)+(1 ∗ 4) +( 1 ∗ 2)+(1 ∗ 1) =64+32+16+4+2+1 = 119 Itisimportanttonoticewhattherangeofpossibledecimal values for each byte is. The lower bound is given when each bit is 0 and the upper bound is when each bit is 1. So 00000000willgiveus0and11111111willgiveus255.This isthereasonwhyIPv4addressescannotgoabovethevalue of255. Deliverable Calculate the decimal values of the following binary numbers:11011011,01111111,10000000,11000000,11001101. PartB Nowlet’spracticetheconversionofdecimalvaluetobinary. This is a bit trickier. Start by finding the highest binary
position that is equal to or smaller than the decimal number we are converting. All the other placeholders to the left of this number will be 0. Then subtract the placeholder value from the number. Then find the highest binary position that is equal to or smaller than the remainder. Keep repeating these steps until the remainder is 0. Now, let’s practice. 3. Convert60intoabinarynumber. a. Theplaceholderthatisequaltoorlowerthan60is 32.Therefore,thefirsttwobitsfor60are0andthe third one is 1 − 001_ _ _ _ _ . The next step is to subtract32from60,whichequals60−32 = 28. b. The placeholder that is equal to or lower than 32 is 16, which is the fourth bit from the left. Therefore, our binary number will look like this: 0011_ _ _ _. The next step is to subtract 16 from 28,whichequals28−16 = 12. c. Theplaceholderthatisequaltoorlowerthan12is 8, and this is the fifth bit from the left. Therefore, ourbinarynumberwilllooklikethis:00111___. Thenextstepistosubtract8from12,whichequals 12−8 = 4. d. The placeholder that is equal to or lower than 4 is 4, andthisisthesixth bitfromtheleft. Therefore, our binary number will look like this: 001111_ _. Thenextstepistosubtract4from4,whichequals 4−4 = 0. e. Given that our remainder is 0, the additional bits are0,andwefindthatouranswer:60inbinaryis 00111100. 4. Convert182intoabinarynumber. 182=10110110 (Because182−128 = 54,54−32 = 22,22−16 = 6, and6−4 = 2)
Deliverable Calculate the binary value for each of the following binary numbers:126,128,191,192,223

Question 11

1. Twelve secretaries were given a typing test, and the times (in minutes) to completed it were as follows: 8, 12, 15, 9, 6, 8, 10, 9, 8, 6, 7, 8 Find the MEAN. Round to one decimal place (example: 3.2) Blank 1

Question 12

1. The grade point averages of ten students who applied for financial aid are shown below. 3.15, 3.62, 2.54, 2.81, 3.97, 1.85, 1.93, 2.63, 2.50, 2.80 Find the MEAN. Round to two decimal places (example: 2.45). Blank 1

Question 13

1. The exam scores of 20 students were recorded as follows: 73, 87, 62, 98, 43, 90, 88, 97, 100, 87, 95, 100, 56, 78, 100, 88, 70, 78, 63, 78 Find the RANGE. Blank 1

Question 14

1. Twelve secretaries were given a typing test, and the times (in minutes) to completed it were as follows: 8, 12, 15, 9, 6, 8, 10, 9, 8, 6, 7, 8 Find the Five Number Summary. Lowest: Blank 1 Q1: Blank 2 Median: Blank 3 Q3: Blank 4 Highest: Blank 5

Question 15

1. The exam scores of 20 students were recorded as follows: 73, 87, 62, 98, 43, 90, 88, 97, 100, 87, 95, 100, 56, 78, 100, 88, 70, 78, 63, 78 Find the Five Number Summary. Lowest: Blank 1 Q1: Blank 2 Median: Blank 3 Q3: Blank 4 Highest: Blank 5

Question 16

1. The average amount of a purchase at a pipe and tobacco store is $2.12. The standard deviation is $0.45. 99.7% of the amount of purchase fall between what to prices? Put your answer in as dollars with cents (example: $5.67). Do not round or your answer will be marked incorrect. Blank 1 and Blank 2