Need to Refrain from Trading Prior to Dissemination of Material Non-Public Information

Companies and other related persons need to consider their market activities, including the issuance or purchase of securities, in light of their obligations under the federal securities laws. For example, where COVID-19 has affected a company in a way that would be material to investors or where a company has become aware of a risk related to COVID-19 that would be material to investors, the company, its directors and officers, and other corporate insiders who are aware of these matters should refrain from trading in the company’s securities until such information is disclosed to the public.

When companies disclose material information related to the impacts of COVID-19, they are reminded to take the necessary steps to avoid selective disclosures by disseminating such information broadly to the public.[4] Depending on a company’s particular circumstances, it should consider whether it may need to revisit, refresh, or update previous disclosure to the extent that the information becomes materially inaccurate.

Tell me briefly how it would affect the auditors responsibilities during the audit or during the timeframe when an audit is not happening (they are still a client). What is the exposure. What procedures if any, should the auditor propose or require be done?

Word count: 200 minimum

You have been recently hired in the human resources department at the company you have always dreamed of working for. At the end of your first day, your manager, I. M. DeBoss, on her way out of the office says to you: “So Mr./Ms. Jones, what things come to mind when you think of the word “ethics”? Before you can answer, she asks you if you believe ethics are important for a company and if so why do you feel that way? Not letting up, because she is DeBoss, she then asks you if you think your views on ethics have evolved based on your life experiences or do you believe as suggested in the 60 Minutes piece, “Born good? Babies help unlock the origins of Morality,” that your ethics DNA was established at birth and why?

Just as you are about to respond to her, she says “I am sorry Mr./Ms. Jones but I really have to run but I want to continue our conversation tomorrow.” You are relieved because you will have a night to ponder her questions and wow her with your responses tomorrow. How would you respond to your manager?

Your boss, Jane Smith, has a meeting with a new client. The client is considering starting a personal service corporation (PCS) but has some questions, one of which is whether to use a calendar year-end or fiscal year-end. It’s been a while since your boss as handled a PSC tax matter. She wants a brief, but thorough, memo on the business purpose exception to selection of a fiscal year-end.

Complete the attached Memorandum based on your research.Support your research with proper citations of tax authority. Your homework should be typed, in Word, and no more than 3 pages long.

Partial list of research aids:

IRC §441(i) and corresponding regulations

MEMORANDUM

To: Jane Smith, Partner

From: [Your Name]

Subject: PSC Business Purpose Exception to Fiscal Year

Facts:

A personal service corporation (PSC) generally is limited to the calendar year for reporting purposes. One exception to this rule is when the PSC can demonstrate a business purpose for a fiscal year-end.

Issue:

Explain the business purpose exception to a PSC using a fiscal year-end, including use of examples of when the standard is and is not satisfied.

Analysis:

[Provide analysis]

Short Answer 1

Fred, a researcher at Podunk University, conducts an experiment on the effects of traffic noise level (low, moderate, high) on the ability to concentrate on a complex cognitive task. Participants in a simulated office setting are exposed to one of the three traffic noise levels and are then asked to complete a difficult word puzzle. Fred measures the number of times each participant breaks their attention by looking away from the puzzle. Ginger, a researcher at Cowpie College, decides to conduct the same experiment, using the same methods as Fred does.

Fred and Ginger obtain the following results:

Fred’s Study:                                                    Ginger’s Study:

n = 10 participants per group                             n = 10 participants per group

M Low Noise = 5                                               M Low Noise = 5

M Moderate Noise = 10                                     M Moderate Noise = 10

M High Noise = 15                                             M High Noise = 15

s for each group = 3                                          s for each group = 8

a. Based on the data presented above, which researcher is more likely to obtain a significant ANOVA F-value: Fred, Ginger, or are they both equally likely? (List one option.)  (5 pts.)

b. Explain your choice.  (10 pts.)

Lesson Assignment

There's not much content to this lesson other than to create the table of words and counts (which will be a list of tuples). The words are already parsed out for you (same as the previous lesson).

Build the following three functions:

def clean(words):

• normalizes the words so that letter case is ignored
• returns an array of 'cleaned' words

def build_table(words):

• builds a dictionary of counts
• returns a Python dictionary or collections.Counter type

def top_n(table, n):

• returns the n most frequent words(keys) in table
• the return type is an array of tuples
• the tuple's first value is the word; the second value is the count

Notes:

the function top_n does not have to worry about the order of items for those words that have the same count. This feature is called stable sorting -- where the items after the sort will always be in the same order (more discussion in the extra credit). You can use collections.Counter to help you with this lesson, but it will NOT return a stable order.

Be sure to test your pipeline on multiple texts. Each 'run' should not affect others:

v1 = list(pipeline(['a','b','c'], 5))

v2 = list(pipeline(['a','b','c'], 5))

print(v1 == v2)

The leading public health care problems in the U.S. are:

Mental disorders

Consumption of alcohol, nicotine, OTC drugs, and prescription drugs

The count for people suffering from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year is on the rise. This figure translates to approximately 57.7 million people currently (National Institute of Mental Disorder, 2008).

In relation to problems regarding drugs, consumption of alcohol is considered as the leading problem. In addition, the consumption of Nicotine, OTC drugs, and prescription drugs are other prominent issues (McKenzie, Pinger, & Kotecki, 2008).

Based on these statements, create a report in a Microsoft Word document, discussing the following:

Is the diagnosis of mental illnesses still viewed with a negative attitude as was done several years ago? Why or why not?

Are the local and national health care providers adequately responding to the needs of people suffering from mental disorders?

Should the local health care communities be held responsible for mandating specific care and treatment for the affected population? Why or why not?

What are the two major types of abused drugs and the age groups most likely to use them? Why is drug usage prevalent among these populations?

What roles should the state governments' or private health agencies or organizations play in order to prevent and control drug abuse?

Assume you have just been hired as a business manager of Pizza Palace, a regional pizza restaurant chain. The company’s EBIT was $50 million last year and is not expected to grow. The firm is currently financed with all equity, and it has 10 million shares outstanding. When you took your corporate finance course, your instructor stated that most firm’s owners would be financially better off if the firms used some debt. When you suggested this to your new boss, he encouraged you to pursue the idea. As a first step, assume that you obtained from the firm’s investment banker the following estimated costs of debt for the firm at different capital structures: Percent financed: w/Debt rd 0% - 20 8.0% 30 8.5 40 10.0 50 12.0 If the company were to recapitalize, then debt would be issued and the funds received would be used to repurchase stock.PizzaPalace is in the 40%state-plus-federal corporate tax bracket,its beta is1.0,therisk-freerateis 6%,and the market risk premium is6%

Assignment: Write a 250-500-word recommendation of the financial decision you propose for this company based on an analysis of its capital structure and capital budgeting techniques

1. (2 pts)The probability that Sue will go to Mexico in the winter and to France in the summer is 0.40. The probability that she will go to Mexico in the winter is 0.60. Find the probability that she will go to France this summer given that she just returned from her winter vacation in Mexico.

2. (2 pts ) A fair die is tossed. Find the probability P(less than 5|even).

3. ( 2 pts) You have decided to take a vacation. You want to go from Los Angeles to San Francisco and then to Hawaii, and you have all summer for your trip. To get from L.A. to San Francisco you can choose to drive, fly, take a bus, or take the train. From San Francisco to Hawaii you can fly, cruise, or sail. In how many different ways can you travel from Los Angeles to Hawaii?

4. (2 pts) How many arrangements of the letters in the word SQUARE begin with SQ?

5. (2 pts) The volleyball team is sponsoring a mixed-doubles sand court volleyball tournament and sixteen pairs have signed up for the chance to win one of the seven trophies and cash prizes. In how many different ways can the teams be chosen and arranged for the top seven slots?

A potential investor is seeking to invest $750,000 in a venture, which currently has 1,000,000 shares held by its founders, and is targeting a 45% per annum return for the next five years. The venture is expected to produce $1,000,000 in income per year at year 5. It is known that a similar venture recently produced $2,000,000 in income and sold shares to the public for $15,000,000.

a. What is the percent ownership of our venture that must be sold in order to provide the venture investor’s target return?

b. What is the number of shares that must be issued to the new investor in order for the investor to earn his target return?

c. What is the issue price per share?

d. What is the pre-money valuation?

e. What is the post-money valuation?

Make sure you specifically include a section in your submission that clearly states your answer to each question. I will not hunt through your spreadsheets or calculations to find your answers. If possible, please try to include only one document in your submission and please do not use embedded spreadsheets if you use a word document. Please label your assignment using our assignment labeling convention. Each question is worth three points.