Linearly polarized light that is oriented along the x-axis and has intensity I0 is incident on a linear polarizer (LP1) with transmission axis oriented at an angle θ1=15° clockwise with respect to the x axis. The light then passes through a second linear polarizer (LP2) with transmission axis oriented at an angle θ2 = 45° counterclockwise relative to the x axis as shown before passing through a quarter wave plate. The fast axis of the quarter wave plate is aligned with the y-axis.
1)
What is the intensity of the light after the second linear polarizer (LP2) but before the quarter wave plate?
I 2 = 0.25 I0
I 2 = 0.467 I0
I 2 = 0.75 I0
I 2 = 0.233 I0
I 2 = 0.7 I0
2)
What is the polarization after the light passes through the quarter wave plate?
Linearly polarized along θ2
Left circularly polarized
Right circularly polarized
3)
Keeping the linear polarizers and quarter wave plate exactly the same, the incident light is now changed to be unpolarized as shown below. What is the intensity of light measured after the quarter wave plate(IQWPIQWP)?
IQWP=IQWP= 0.125 I0I0
IQWP=IQWP= 0.233 I0I0
IQWP=IQWP= 0.5 I0I0
IQWP=IQWP= 0.0583 I0I0
IQWP=IQWP= 0.467 I0
In: Physics
Carlos Cavalas, the manager of Echo Products’ Brazilian Division, is trying to set the production schedule for the last quarter of the year. The Brazilian Division had planned to sell 68,090 units during the year, but by September 30 only the following activity had been reported:
| Units | |
| Inventory, January 1 | 0 |
| Production | 73,700 |
| Sales | 61,900 |
| Inventory, September 30 | 11,800 |
The division can rent warehouse space to store up to 29,100 units. The minimum inventory level that the division should carry is 1,400 units. Mr. Cavalas is aware that production must be at least 7,080 units per quarter in order to retain a nucleus of key employees. Maximum production capacity is 44,800 units per quarter.
Demand has been soft, and the sales forecast for the last quarter is only 20,800 units. Due to the nature of the division’s operations, fixed manufacturing overhead is a major element of product cost.
Required:
1a. Assume that the division is using variable costing. How many units should be scheduled for production during the last quarter of the year?
1b. Will the number of units scheduled for production affect the division’s reported income or loss for the year?
2. Assume that the division is using absorption costing and that the divisional manager is given an annual bonus based on divisional operating income. If Mr. Cavalas wants to maximize his division’s operating income for the year, how many units should be scheduled for production during the last quarter?
In: Accounting
Linearly polarized light that is oriented along the x-axis and has intensity I0 is incident on a linear polarizer (LP1) with transmission axis oriented at an angle θ1=15° clockwise with respect to the x axis. The light then passes through a second linear polarizer (LP2) with transmission axis oriented at an angle θ2 = 45° counterclockwise relative to the x axis as shown before passing through a quarter wave plate. The fast axis of the quarter wave plate is aligned with the y-axis.
1)
What is the intensity of the light after the second linear polarizer (LP2) but before the quarter wave plate?
I 2 = 0.25 I0
I 2 = 0.467 I0
I 2 = 0.75 I0
I 2 = 0.233 I0
I 2 = 0.7 I0
2)
What is the polarization after the light passes through the quarter wave plate?
Linearly polarized along θ2
Left circularly polarized
Right circularly polarized
3)
Keeping the linear polarizers and quarter wave plate exactly the same, the incident light is now changed to be unpolarized as shown below. What is the intensity of light measured after the quarter wave plate(IQWPIQWP)?
IQWP=IQWP= 0.125 I0I0
IQWP=IQWP= 0.233 I0I0
IQWP=IQWP= 0.5 I0I0
IQWP=IQWP= 0.0583 I0I0
IQWP=IQWP= 0.467 I0
In: Physics
Carlos Cavalas, the manager of Echo Products’ Brazilian Division, is trying to set the production schedule for the last quarter of the year. The Brazilian Division had planned to sell 68,420 units during the year, but by September 30 only the following activity had been reported:
| Units | |
| Inventory, January 1 | 0 |
| Production | 73,400 |
| Sales | 62,200 |
| Inventory, September 30 | 11,200 |
The division can rent warehouse space to store up to 30,200 units. The minimum inventory level that the division should carry is 1,500 units. Mr. Cavalas is aware that production must be at least 6,720 units per quarter in order to retain a nucleus of key employees. Maximum production capacity is 44,300 units per quarter.
Demand has been soft, and the sales forecast for the last quarter is only 19,900 units. Due to the nature of the division’s operations, fixed manufacturing overhead is a major element of product cost.
Required:
1a. Assume that the division is using variable costing. How many units should be scheduled for production during the last quarter of the year?
1b. Will the number of units scheduled for production affect the division’s reported income or loss for the year?
2. Assume that the division is using absorption costing and that the divisional manager is given an annual bonus based on divisional operating income. If Mr. Cavalas wants to maximize his division’s operating income for the year, how many units should be scheduled for production during the last quarter?
In: Accounting
Carlos Cavalas, the manager of Echo Products’ Brazilian Division, is trying to set the production schedule for the last quarter of the year. The Brazilian Division had planned to sell 70,070 units during the year, but by September 30 only the following activity had been reported:
| Units | |
| Inventory, January 1 | 0 |
| Production | 72,500 |
| Sales | 63,700 |
| Inventory, September 30 | 8,800 |
The division can rent warehouse space to store up to 29,500 units. The minimum inventory level that the division should carry is 2,300 units. Mr. Cavalas is aware that production must be at least 5,280 units per quarter in order to retain a nucleus of key employees. Maximum production capacity is 44,800 units per quarter.
Demand has been soft, and the sales forecast for the last quarter is only 20,700 units. Due to the nature of the division’s operations, fixed manufacturing overhead is a major element of product cost.
Required:
1a. Assume that the division is using variable costing. How many units should be scheduled for production during the last quarter of the year?
1b. Will the number of units scheduled for production affect the division’s reported income or loss for the year?
2. Assume that the division is using absorption costing and that the divisional manager is given an annual bonus based on divisional operating income. If Mr. Cavalas wants to maximize his division’s operating income for the year, how many units should be scheduled for production during the last quarter?
In: Accounting
Carlos Cavalas, the manager of Echo Products’ Brazilian Division, is trying to set the production schedule for the last quarter of the year. The Brazilian Division had planned to sell 67,430 units during the year, but by September 30 only the following activity had been reported:
| Units | |
| Inventory, January 1 | 0 |
| Production | 72,500 |
| Sales | 61,300 |
| Inventory, September 30 | 11,200 |
The division can rent warehouse space to store up to 30,600 units. The minimum inventory level that the division should carry is 2,800 units. Mr. Cavalas is aware that production must be at least 6,720 units per quarter in order to retain a nucleus of key employees. Maximum production capacity is 44,600 units per quarter.
Demand has been soft, and the sales forecast for the last quarter is only 19,100 units. Due to the nature of the division’s operations, fixed manufacturing overhead is a major element of product cost.
Required:
1a. Assume that the division is using variable costing. How many units should be scheduled for production during the last quarter of the year?
1b. Will the number of units scheduled for production affect the division’s reported income or loss for the year?
2. Assume that the division is using absorption costing and that the divisional manager is given an annual bonus based on divisional operating income. If Mr. Cavalas wants to maximize his division’s operating income for the year, how many units should be scheduled for production during the last quarter?
In: Accounting
1) If the Federal Reserve wants to up GDP by $400 billion and the MPC=.95, by how much would they need to change government spending? Would G be increasing or would it be decreasing?
2) If instead of using government spending changes, they instead change taxes: by how much would they to change? WOuld they be increasing or would they be decreasing?
In: Economics
True or false and explain
1. The paradox of thrift occurs when an increase in saving leads to an increase in investment spending.
2. Suppose that the economy of Kennyland has an MPC of 0.8and an MPIM of 0.2. Currently, real GDP is $1800 and full-employment GDP is $2000. In this example, an increase in government spending of $40 will eliminate the GDP gap.
In: Economics
Problem 7-27A Completing a Master Budget [LO7-2, LO7-4, LO7-7, LO7-8, LO7-9, LO7-10]
| The following data relate to the operations of Shilow Company, a wholesale distributor of consumer goods: |
| Current assets as of March 31: | ||
| Cash | $ | 8,000 |
| Accounts receivable | $ | 20,000 |
| Inventory | $ | 36,000 |
| Building and equipment, net | $ | 120,000 |
| Accounts payable | $ | 21,750 |
| Capital stock | $ | 150,000 |
| Retained earnings | $ | 12,250 |
| a. | The gross margin is 25% of sales. |
| b. | Actual and budgeted sales data: |
| March (actual) | $50,000 |
| April | $60,000 |
| May | $72,000 |
| June | $90,000 |
| July | $48,000 |
| c. |
Sales are 60% for cash and 40% on credit. Credit sales are collected in the month following sale. The accounts receivable at March 31 are a result of March credit sales. |
| d. | Each month’s ending inventory should equal 80% of the following month’s budgeted cost of goods sold. |
| e. |
One-half of a month’s inventory purchases is paid for in the month of purchase; the other half is paid for in the following month. The accounts payable at March 31 are the result of March purchases of inventory. |
| f. |
Monthly expenses are as follows: commissions, 12% of sales; rent, $2,500 per month; other expenses (excluding depreciation), 6% of sales. Assume that these expenses are paid monthly. Depreciation is $900 per month (includes depreciation on new assets). |
| g. | Equipment costing $1,500 will be purchased for cash in April. |
| h. |
Management would like to maintain a minimum cash balance of at least $4,000 at the end of each month. The company has an agreement with a local bank that allows the company to borrow in increments of $1,000 at the beginning of each month, up to a total loan balance of $20,000. The interest rate on these loans is 1% per month and for simplicity we will assume that interest is not compounded. The company would, as far as it is able, repay the loan plus accumulated interest at the end of the quarter. |
| Required: | |
| Using the data above: | |
| 1. | Complete the following schedule. |
| 2. |
Complete the following: |
| Budgeted cost of goods sold for April = $60,000 sales × 75% = $45,000. | |
| Add desired ending inventory for April = $54,000 × 80% = $43,200. | |
| 3. |
Complete the following cash budget: (Borrow and repay in increments of $1,000. Cash deficiency, repayments and interest should be indicated by a minus sign.) |
| 4. |
Prepare an absorption costing income statement for the quarter ended June 30. |
| 5. | Prepare a balance sheet as of June 30. |
In: Accounting
Grouper Limited uses a perpetual inventory system. The inventory records show the following data for its first month of operations:
| Date | Explanation | Units | Unit Cost | Total Cost | Balance in Units | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aug. | 2 | Purchases | 251 | $72 | $18,072 | 251 | ||||||
| 3 | Purchases | 498 | 103 | 51,294 | 749 | |||||||
| 10 | Sales | (300 | ) | 449 | ||||||||
| 15 | Purchases | 902 | 118 | 106,436 | 1,351 | |||||||
| 25 | Sales | (332 | ) | 1,019 |
Calculate the cost of goods sold and ending inventory using the FIFO cost method.
| Cost of goods sold | $enter a dollar amount |
|---|---|
| Ending inventory | $enter a dollar amount |
Calculate the cost of goods sold and ending inventory using the average cost method. (Round average cost per unit and final answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.25.)
| Cost of goods sold | $enter a dollar amount |
|---|---|
| Ending inventory |
In: Accounting