Use the income statement and balance sheets below to prepare the following ratios for Miller Corporation for the year 2020.

A researcher is interested in whether there are changes in child aggression after they watch another child get something that they want. She devises an experiment where children come into her lab and are given worn and broken toys to play with. After a short time, a new child is brought into the room and is given new, shiny toys to play with. The researcher wants to know whether there are changes in aggressive behavior among the children with the broken, worn toys after they see the new children playing with new, shiny toys. She measures the number of aggressive behaviors displayed by the children who were given the worn and broken toys both before and after they watch the new children playing with new, shiny toys. Her findings are summarized in the table below.

a. Identify the IV, IV levels, and DV.

IV:
Levels:

DV:

b. Is this experiment a paired-samples or independent-samples design?

c. State null and alternative hypotheses in words.

H₀:
H₁:

d. Conduct a statistical test of the hypothesis

t =

e. Decide whether to reject or retain the null hypothesis.

f. Interpret your results.

Spreadsheet Exercise: Chapter 2

Hemingway Corporation is considering expanding its operations to boost its income, but before making a final decision, it has asked you to calculate the corporate tax consequences of its decision. Currently, Hemingway generates before-tax yearly income of $200,000 and has no debt outstanding. Expanding operations would allow Hemingway to increase before-tax yearly income to $350,000. Hemingway can use either cash reserves or debt to finance its expansion. If Hemingway uses debt, it will have yearly interest expense of $70,000.

To Do Create a spreadsheet to conduct a tax analysis for Hemingway Corporation and determine the following:

a. What is Hemingway’s current annual corporate tax liability?

b. What is Hemingway’s current average tax rate?

c. If Hemingway finances its expansion using cash reserves, what will be its new corporate tax liability and average tax rate?

d. If Hemingway finances its expansion using debt, what will be its new corporate tax liability and average tax rate?

e. What would you recommend that the firm do? Why?

Solution Tax calculation Range of taxable income Base tax + Marginal tax rate × amount over base $- to $50,000 $- + 15% × amount over $- 50,000 to 75,000 7,500 + 25% × amount over 50,000 75,000 to 100,000 13,750 + 34% × amount over 75,000 100,000 to 335,000 22,250 + 39% × amount over 100,000 335,000 to 10,000,000 113,900 + 34% × amount over 335,000 10,000,000 to 15,000,000 3,400,000 + 35% × amount over 10,000,000 15,000,000 to 18,333,333 5,150,000 + 38% × amount over 15,000,000 over 18,333,333 18,333,333 + 35% × amount over 18,333,333

a. What is Hemingway’s current annual corporate tax liability? Current tax liability is found using the corporate tax rate schedule: Before-tax income: $200,000 Before-tax income of first: $100,000 Before-tax income of balance: $100,000 Tax liability first $100,000: $22,250 Tax liability balance: Total tax liability:

b. What is Hemingway’s current average tax rate? Current average tax rate:

c. If Hemingway finances its expansion using cash reserves, what will be its new corporate tax liability and average tax rate?

Using the cash reserves, the new tax liability and average tax rate is found below using the corporate tax rate schedule: Before-tax income: $350,000 Before-tax income of first: $335,000 Before-tax income of balance: $15,000 Tax liability first $335,000: $113,900 Tax liability balance: Total tax liability: Average tax rate:

d. If Hemingway finances its expansion using debt, what will be its new corporate tax liability and average tax rate? With debt, the new tax liability and average tax rate is found below using the corporate tax rate schedule: Income before interest and taxes: $350,000 Less: Interest expense: $70,000 Taxable income: Before-tax income of first: $100,000 Before-tax income of balance: $-100,000 Tax liability first $100,000: $22,250 Tax liability balance: Total tax liability: Average tax rate:

e. What would you recommend that the firm do? Why? Y

ou should consider the after-tax income from each possibility shown below, and you should recommend choice with the highest after-tax income.

1. Current after-tax income:

2. Expansion with cash reserve after-tax income:

3. Expansion with debt after-tax income: Y

ou should recommend option number because it has the after-tax income.

Requirements Points 1 In cell F31, by using cell references, calculate the tax liability for the balance taxable income. 1 2 In cell F32, by using cell references, calculate the total tax liability. 1 3 In cell F37, by using cell references, calculate the current average tax rate. 1 4 In cell F46, by using cell references, calculate the tax liability for the balance taxable income. 1 5 In cell F47, by using cell references, calculate the total tax liability. 1 6 In cell F48, by using cell references, calculate the average tax rate. 1 7 In cell F55, by using cell references, calculate the taxable income. 1 8 In cell F59, by using cell references, calculate the tax liability for the balance taxable income. 1 9 In cell F60, by using cell references, calculate the total tax liability. 1 10 In cell F61, by using cell references, calculate the average tax rate. 1 11 In cell H67, by using cell references, calculate the current after-tax income. 1 12 In cell H68, by using cell references, calculate the after-tax income for the expansion with cash reserve. 1 13 In cell H69, by using cell references, calculate the after-tax income for the expansion with debt. 1 14 In cell G71, type either 1, 2 or 3 depending on the option that you would recommend. 1 15 In cell J71, type either lowest or highest depending on the reason for recommending the option of the previous question. 1 16 Save the workbook. Close the workbook and then exit Excel. Submit the workbook as directed.

Sharon parked her automobile in a parking lot owned by the Parking Corporation. At the request of the parking lot attendant, she left her keys at the attendant's office and received a numbered ticket as her receipt for the payment of the parking fee. The ticket had the following words written on the back: “Rental of space only. Not responsible for loss or damage to car or contents however caused.” A 50 cm. Square sign on the side of the attendant’s office contained a similar message. Before leaving her keys with the attendant, she made certain that the doors of the vehicle were securely locked, as she had left a box containing her camcorder and computer in the trunk of the car. Sharon was not aware that the attendant closed his ticket booth at midnight, at which time he delivered the keys to the cars on the lot to the attendant of the parking lot across the street. The adjacent lot was also owned by the Corporation, but it remained open until 2 a.m. Sharon returned to the parking lot to retrieve her automobile shortly after midnight, at which time she discovered no attendant in charge, and her vehicle missing. By chance, she noticed an attendant on duty at the parking lot across the street, and reported the missing vehicle to him, only to find the attendant in possession of her keys. The police discovered Sharon’s automobile a few days later in another part of the city. The vehicle had been damaged and stripped of its contents, including her camcorder and computer. Sharon brought an action against the Parking Corporation for her loss.

Question : Identify the issues in this case and prepare the arguments that Sharon and the Parking Corporation might use in their respective claim and defence.

Catastrophe Bond

A) What is the origin of catastrophe bonds?

B) How has the issuance of catastrophe bonds changed since 2010? What is driving that

change?

C) What activities does the SPV perform for a catastrophe bond?

Use reliable online resources to research Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, 2010 write a comment about each provision of this comprehensive Financial Reform that relates to real estate activities.

What are some current trends in the labor market?What are the current unemployment rate trends?Describe the changes in percentage terms and relate the changes in employment to the growth of the U.S. economy between the two years of 2010 and 2017.

• Between 2000 - 2010:
• What are the main goods and services the United States traded internationally?
• What trade barriers were in place during that decade?
• What are two pros and two cons of the trade barriers used?

Plan B is the common name in the United States and Canada for the emergency contraception drug levonorgestrel. The high dose of progestogen it delivers has been shown in the lab to inhibit ovulation, thus rendering fertilization impossible. Some groups, however, are concerned that if the drug interfered with the fertilized egg, it could be considered abortive rather than strictly contraceptive. Researchers enrolled a cohort of fertile women attending a family planning clinic for emergency contraception after unprotected intercourse during their fertile period. From interviews, blood samples, and ultrasounds, the researchers were able to establish the time of intercourse relative to the women's menstrual cycles. In this cohort, 8787 women had unprotected intercourse before ovulation (pre‑ovulation group) and 3535 women had unprotected intercourse on or after ovulation (post‑ovulation group). Based on standard clinical assessments of fertility rates by day of the menstrual cycle, the researchers expected 13.313.3 pregnancies in the pre‑ovulation group and 7.07.0 pregnancies in the post‑ovulation group. Instead, they observed 00 and 66 pregnancies, respectively.

(a) We want to know if there is evidence that Plan B impacts the chance of pregnancy when taken before ovulation. What are the observed and expected counts of pregnancy and no pregnancy in the pre‑ovulation group? (Enter your answers rounded to one decimal place.)

Pregnancyobserved=Pregnancyobserved=

Pregnancyexpected=Pregnancyexpected=

No pregnancyobserved=No pregnancyobserved=

No pregnancyexpected=No pregnancyexpected=

Use these counts to compute the chi‑square statistic. (Enter your answer rounded to two decimal places.)

?2=χ2=

Select the correct response to whether or not the test assumptions met.

The expected counts are not large enough, so the test assumptions are not met.

A cohort can be considered a random sample and the expected counts are large enough, so the test assumptions are met.

A cohort cannot be considered a random sample, so the test assumptions are not met.

Neither the cohort can be considered a random sample nor the expected counts are large enough, so the test assumptions are not met.

Calculate the degrees of freedom. (Enter your answer as a whole number.)

df=df=

Find the ?P‑value. (Enter your answer rounded to six decimal places.)

?P‑value ==

Select the correct conclusion.

None of the options are correct.

There is very strong evidence that Plan B impacts the chance of pregnancy when taken before ovulation.

The study found weak evidence that Plan B impacts the chance of pregnancy when taken before ovulation.

The study failed to find evidence that Plan B impacts the chance of pregnancy when taken before ovulation.

(b) We want to know if there is evidence that plan B impacts the chance of pregnancy when taken after ovulation. What are the observed and expected counts of pregnancy and no pregnancy in the post‑ovulation group? (Enter your answer rounded to one decimal place.)

Pregnancyobserved=Pregnancyobserved=

Pregnancyexpected=Pregnancyexpected=

No pregnancyobserved=No pregnancyobserved=

No pregnancyexpected=No pregnancyexpected=

Use these counts to compute the chi‑square statistic. (Enter your answer rounded to two decimal places.)

?2=χ2=

Select the correct response to whether or not the test assumptions met.

A cohort can be considered a random sample and the expected counts are large enough, so the test assumptions are met.

Neither the cohort can be considered a random sample nor the expected counts are large enough, so the test assumptions are not met.

The expected counts are not large enough, so the test assumptions are not met.

A cohort cannot be considered a random sample, so the test assumptions are not met.

Calculate the degrees of freedom. (Enter your answer as a whole number.)

df=df=

Find the ?P‑value. (Enter your answer rounded to four decimal places.)

?P‑value ==

Select the correct conclusion.

The study failed to find evidence that Plan B impacts the chance of pregnancy when taken after ovulation.

None of the options are correct.

The study found weak evidence that Plan B impacts the chance of pregnancy when taken after ovulation.

There is strong evidence that Plan B impacts the chance of pregnancy when taken after ovulation.

(c) Select the correct description of the study findings and what they suggest about the mechanism of action of the Plan B drug.

There is no evidence that Plan B prevents pregnancy when taken before ovulation or after ovulation. These findings reject the theory that Plan B works by inhibiting ovulation.

There is very strong evidence that Plan B prevents pregnancy when taken after ovulation but not when taken before ovulation. These findings support the theory that Plan B works by inhibiting ovulation.

There is weak evidence that Plan B prevents pregnancy when taken before ovulation but not when taken after ovulation. These findings support the theory that Plan B works by inhibiting ovulation.

There is very strong evidence that Plan B prevents pregnancy when taken before ovulation but not when taken after ovulation. These findings support the theory that Plan B works by inhibiting ovulation.

Section A:
1. Based on Ricardian's model insights, comment on the following claims:
Firm discussion: "Low-tech countries cannot compete with developed countries
A highly productive person. "
2. Specific factor model of international trade:
(A) State the economic questions it asks, key model assumptions, and key forecasts.
Of the model.
(B) What is the definition of a particular factor in international trade?
(C) Can you find an example of a real specific factor (this is ours)
Lecture), may suffer or benefit when the country is opened internationally
trade?
3. Consider a developing country (China) with two inputs, scarce capital (K) and two inputs.
Abundant labor force (L). The country has two products, computer (C) and desk (D).
Capital and labor. Computers are more capital intensive than desks.
• When the relative price of computer and desk goes down (that is, PC
PD
Decrease), how
Does it affect the purchasing power of capital and labor owners? Please
Please explain clearly.
1
Section B
4. (Ricardo model: completely specialized case) Used in two countries, domestic and foreign
One element for producing two products, shoes and computers, the labor force. You can do your own country
One unit of labor produces shoes and two units of labor produce computers. Foreigner
A country can produce shoes with a labor force of 2 units and a computer with a labor force of 3 units.
Home country is blessed with a labor force of 200 units, but foreign countries
We are blessed with a labor force of 300 units. Preference is the same in the two countries
And it is written by the following utility function: U (S, C) = 1.2 ln S + ln C, where S
C represents shoe and computer consumption respectively.
(A) What should the relative price PS be in a closed economy (closed economy without trade)?
PC
In your home country in equilibrium?
(B) Which countries have a comparative advantage in shoe production and why? None
Can you predict which products Home will export by solving the model numerically?
What will foreigners export if trade occurs?
(C) Draw a relative supply curve of the world using relative supply S + S
∗
Horizontal C + C ∗
Axis and relative price PS
PC
On the vertical axis. In what range price both
Do you specialize in the country? What if the price is not in this range?
(D) Here, we derive the relative demand function of the home country (relative demand S).
C
As a function of relative price PS
PC
). The relative demand function of the world
Same figure as (b). Find Equilibrium Relative Price and Relative Output
After the transaction. What do each country produce? (Note: Home and
Foreigners have the same utility function, the world's relative demand function
It is the same as your own country. )
(E) Is the equilibrium relative price PS?
PC
After higher or lower trade than a closed economy?
Draw a production potential frontier (PPF) and new consumption potential
Frontier (CPF) after trade with your own country. Explain if you are in your own country
Profit from trade.
(F) Do foreign countries benefit or lose from trade? Later draw PPF and CPF
Deal with foreign countries to explain it clearly.
5. (Specific factor model) 2 products, 2 countries, 3 factors (L is mobile)
K and T are specific factors, but two products are produced. Capital (K) is
A specific factor for producing cloth, land (T) is a specific factor for producing
food. Both sectors use the workforce as an input. How does international trade affect profits?
And income distribution between factors? In particular,
(A) Suppose the global price of fabrics rises compared to Autarky at Home.
Compared to that of food after international trade. How will this transaction affect you?
Employment of labor in these two sectors? Use the labor demand function diagram
In two sectors to explain it clearly.
(B) Suppose the global price of fabrics rises compared to Autarky at Home.
Compared to food after international trade. How do transactions affect purchases?
2
The power of the three elements of your country? Who will get it? Who will lose? Please
Please explain clearly.
(C) Suppose the global price of fabrics rises compared to Autarky at Home.
Compared to food after international trade. How do transactions affect purchases?
The power of three foreign factors? Who will get it? Who will lose? Please
Please explain clearly.
(D) What is the source of profits from international trade in this case? Is it the whole
Are Trade Benefits Always Positive for Countries? Use clearly labeled graphs
Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) and Consumption Possibility Frontier (CPF)
For my country to explain why. (Compared to the closed economy at home
The world price of cloth is higher than that of post-international food. )
Section C
6. According to Atlas, the trade patterns between China and the United States are very different.
The United States mainly exports services and high te