Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from internal combustion engines increase in colder climates. Thus, the environmental damage from CO emissions is worse in the winter months than in the summer months. Nonetheless, air quality control authorities use a standard for CO that is uniform throughout the year with no allowance for seasonal effects. The cost and benefit information are as follows:

MSB of CO abatement in winter = 350 - 0.5A

MSB of CO abatement in summer = 140 - 0.2A

MSC of CO abatement = 0.2A

a. If you were in charge of setting a policy for CO emissions, what action would you recommend to ensure an allocatively efficient outcome across the two seasons?

b. Suppose that the government sets a uniform standard for winter and summer at A = 500. Determine the welfare loss associated with this policy.

Background

An American College conducted a study in the early 2000 to examine if there were any gender pay gaps[1] in its four schools: Business, Health, Liberal Studies and Sciences. Data were collected of a sample of 199 academics on their annual salary, years of service, rank, school, gender and age. The data file: Faculty Salary (Research Report Dataset).xlsx is available on Blackboard. A small portion of the data is shown below:

Legend: There are three academic ranks in the dataset: ASST, ASSO and PROF, which stand for Assistant Professor, Associate Professor and Professor respectively.

Task 1 (Boxplots and t-tests)

(a) Construct separate boxplots of salaries for male and female academics, and compare their distributions (central location, spread and skewness).

(b) Test if male academics on average earn more than their female counterparts at 1%.

                                                                                                                                        (1 mark)

(a) Considering assistant professors only, test if male assistant professors on average earn more than female assistant professors at 1%.

(1 mark)

(b) Considering associate professors only, test if male associate professors on average earn more than female associate professors at 1%.

(1 mark)

(c)   Considering professors only, test if male professors on average earn more than female professors at 1%.

(1 mark)

The "Trail of Tears", which removed the Cherokee and Seminoles from the American South, is fairly common knowledge; but Black Hawk's War and subsequent removal, at the same general time and by the same President, is invariably ignored. Determine why Black Hawk is overlooked and post this explanation by the end of Wednesday. Be sure to include at least two historical examples in support of your explanation..  

The cash account for American Medical Co. at April 30 indicated a balance of $91,408. The bank statement indicated a balance of $126,590 on April 30. Comparing the bank statement and the accompanying canceled checks and memos with the records revealed the following reconciling items: A. Checks outstanding totaled $33,700. B. A deposit of $18,900, representing receipts of April 30, had been made too late to appear on the bank statement. C. The bank collected $22,042 on a $20,600 note, including interest of $1,442. D. A check for $1,600 returned with the statement had been incorrectly recorded by American Medical Co. as $160. The check was for the payment of an obligation to Targhee Supply Co. for a purchase on account. E. A check drawn for $680 had been erroneously charged by the bank as $860. F. Bank service charges for April amounted to $40. Instructions 1. Prepare a bank reconciliation. Refer to the Amount Descriptions list provided for the exact wording of the answer choices for text entries. “Deduct:” or “Add:” will automatically appear if it is required. 2. Journalize the necessary entries. The accounts have not been closed. Refer to the Chart of Accounts for exact wording of account titles. 3. If a balance sheet is prepared for American Medical Co. on April 30, what amount should be reported as cash?

The cash account for American Medical Co. at April 30 indicated a balance of $91,408. The bank statement indicated a balance of $126,590 on April 30. Comparing the bank statement and the accompanying canceled checks and memos with the records revealed the following reconciling items:

The cash account for American Medical Co. at April 30 indicated a balance of $334,985. The bank statement indicated a balance of $388,600 on April 30. Comparing the bank statement and the accompanying canceled checks and memos with the records revealed the following reconciling items:

The cash account for American Medical Co. at April 30 indicated a balance of $334,985. The bank statement indicated a balance of $388,600 on April 30. Comparing the bank statement and the accompanying canceled checks and memos with the records revealed the following reconciling items:

The cash account for American Medical Co. at April 30 indicated a balance of $93,115. The bank statement indicated a balance of $125,800 on April 30. Comparing the bank statement and the accompanying canceled checks and memos with the records revealed the following reconciling items:

The cash account for American Medical Co. at April 30 indicated a balance of $84,457. The bank statement indicated a balance of $127,190 on April 30. Comparing the bank statement and the accompanying canceled checks and memos with the records revealed the following reconciling items:

Demonstrate your grasp of the Unix file system by constructing a directory structure as follows:

1. In your home ( ~ ) directory, create a directory named “UnixCourse”.

   This directory will be used in the remaining assignments of this course, as well as this one.

   Several of the commands that you will issue in this course will examine files in this directory and, in some cases, send me a listing of those files or even copies of those files for grading and diagnostic purposes. So you should not store anything unrelated to the course assignments in this ~/UnixCourse area.

2. Within your UnixCourse directory, you should create a directory named “fileAsst”. Within that directory, you should create two directories, named “Empire” and “Alliance”.

   Use the ls command to check your work.

3. Within the Empire directory, you should place a copy of the file ~cs252/Assignments/fileAsst/darth.txt

   Use the ls command to check your work.

4. Within the Alliance directory, you should place a copy of the file ~cs252/Assignments/fileAsst/r2d2.txt

   Use the ls command to check your work.

5. When you have completed this much, execute the command

   ~cs252/bin/fileAsst-1
   

   (Take note of the difference between the numeric digit 1 and the lower-case letter l in the command above. If you can’t tell the difference between these, check your web browser settings to see if you can get it to use some better fonts.)

   This will check to see if you have built the desired directory structure so far. You should repeat the above steps as necessary until this command reports success.

6. If you have been successful so far, the fileAsst-1 command will have placed a new file somewhere in the directory structure you have built. Find it, and move it into the Empire directory, renaming the file to “emperor.dat”.

7. Execute the command

   ~cs252/bin/fileAsst-2
   

   If all is well, you will receive the access code for completion of this assignment.