For the reaction below, K = 5.0×1033 at 298 K. [AuCl4]−(aq) + 3 V3+(aq) + 3 H2O(l) Au(s) + 4 Cl−(aq) + 3 VO2+(aq) + 6 H+(aq) In an experiment, 0.50 mol of KAuCl4 and 0.50 mol of V(ClO4)3 are dissolved in water at 298 K to make 1.0 L of solution. Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of all ionic species. Justify any approximations you make.

1. Plot a graph of Table 2. Consider which variable (voltage or current) should be on the x and y axes.
2. What is the relationship between voltage and current? Use data from your graph to support your answer.
3. Estimate the slope of the linear line and record it in Table 3.
4. How does the value of the slope compare to the resistance you measured? Calculate the percent difference.
5. Use the results of your experiment to verify Ohm’s Law.

As the U.S. grapples with a growing list of transportation infrastructure needs and limited public funds, more states are looking to public-private partnerships as a means of fixing and replacing aging bridges, tunnels and roads. Should the private sector help rebuild American infrastructure? Is there a downside for taxpayers?​ what would be the engineer's opinion?

Given a connected graph G with n vertices. We say an edge of G is a bridge if the graph becomes a disconnected graph after removing the edge. Give an O(m + n) time algorithm that finds all the bridges. (Partial credits will be given for a polynomial time algorithm.) (Hint: Use DFS)

Bats are nocturnal mammals, feeding on insects at night and sleeping during the day. Many species of bats use bridges as daytime sleeping places. Their choice of daytime position on the undersurface of a bridge appears to be non-random. One theory is that the bats choose locations that will keep them safer from predators. The beams that support a bridge create two kinds of spaces: wide (approximately 55 cm) and narrow (approximately 17 cm); biologists believe the narrow spaces provide more safety. Investigators studying the sleeping position choices of the Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii) observed that 57 out of 102 of them were in narrow beam spaces. The narrow beam spaces accounted for approximately 46% of the available area under the bridges. The investigators want to see if this sample provides sufficient evidence that the bats prefer narrow over wide sleeping space. What is the P-value for this test?

Choose the study design that best fits the following description: The records of 8,047 white male smelter workers, believed to have been exposed to high quantities of arsenic, were gathered for those who began work between 1938 and 1963. Death certificates were examined to ascertain the cause of death for this group up until 2000. They were compared to death certificates from the workers in other occupations of the same race, gender and time period. Higher rates of mortality from respiratory cancer and heart disease were found among those who had worked at least 15 years as smelter workers compared to those in other occupations.

a) Randomized Clinical Trial

b) Retrospective Cohort Study

c) Cross-Sectional Study

d) Prospective Cohort Study

e) Ecologic Study

f) Case Control Study

Match the study with the type of study design. A type of study design can be used more than once.

a. Cross-sectional study

b. Randomized controlled trial

c. Prospective cohort study

d. Ecological study

e. Retrospective cohort study

1.All UMD students are surveyed on the first day of class, asking about their current vaping use.

2. A group of adolescents are randomized to receive either a comprehensive sex education program or an abstinence-only program. Pregnancy rates are compared at at 3 years post-program.

3. A group of Baltimore City residents who were exposed to lead paint as children are followed over time and surveyed at regular time points about their incidence of cancer.

4. A telephone survey of P.G. County residents asking about their neighborhood access to healthy food.

a. What are the research reliability and validity? What is internal validity and construct validity? What are the difference between reliability and validity?

b. Please describe research hypothesis and statistical hypothesis. What are the difference between these two kinds of hypotheses?

c. What are three level of research? Exploratory research, descriptive research and explanatory research? What are the difference between them?

d. What are case-control design, nested case-control design, and cohort design? What are the difference between case-control design and population-based case-control / nested case-control design, and cohort design?

e. Please define the relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR). What is the difference between relative risk and odds ratio?

f. Please describe the number needed to treat (NNT) and number needed to harm (NNH). What is the difference between NNT and NNH?

3. Copyright duration in Canada is the creator of the works lifetime, plus 50 years from the end of the calendar year that the creator died. Presumably, the copyright creates incentives to produce creative work (because the author or copyright holder receives the royalties for the use of the copyrighted materials). But the author obviously cannot keep receiving the royalty after he or she dies! Explain how extending the copyright protection beyond the author life creates the incentives to produce creative work.

Management at Caribo Limited were monitoring their cash flow. They requested their accountant to prepare a cash budget for the four months ending 30 April 2016. (i) The following sales figures are for the months of November 2015 to June 2016. The figures from January 2016 onward are estimated:

Actual Sales $

November 2015 60,000

December 2015 64,000

Forecasted Sales:

January 2016 65,000

Feb 2016 70,000

march 2016 72,500

April 2016 76,250

May 2016 80,000

June 2016 78,750

Half the sales are normally paid for in the month in which they occur and the customers are rewarded with a 5% cash discount. The remaining sales are paid for net in the month following the sale.

(ii) Goods are sold at a mark-up of 25% on the goods purchased one month before sale. Half of the purchases are paid for in the month of purchase and a 4% prompt settlement discount is received. The remainder is paid in full in the following month.

(iii) Wages of $12000 per month are paid in the month in which they are earned. It is expected that the wages will be increased by 10% from 1 March 2016.

(iv) Rent will cost $60000 per annum payable three monthly in advance in January, April, July and December each year.

(v) The directors have arranged a bank loan of $60000 which would be credited to company’s current account in February 2016. (

vi) The half-yearly interest on 200000, 8% debentures of $1 each is due to be paid on 15 January 2016.

(vii) The ordinary dividend of $12000 for the year 2015 will be paid in March 2016.

(viii) The bank balance at 31 December 2015 is $12000.

Required:

1) Prepare a cash budget for the four months ended 30 April 2016.

2) How does management use the cash budget for making decisions?