16. In the United States, there has historically been a strong relationship between smoking and education, with well-educated people less likely to smoke. To examine whether this pattern has changed, a sample of 187 high school graduates, a sample of 139 College graduates, and a third sample of 133 graduate school graduates were selected at random from those who had visited a health center for a routine check-up over the course of the past year. Smoking Status Education Nonsmoker Former Moderate Heavy Total High School 56 54 41 36 187 College 37 43 27 32 139 Graduate 53 28 36 16 133 Total 146 125 104 84 459

What type of the chi-square test for this two-way table should be conducted?

What are the degrees of freedom for the chi-square test for this two-way table? What is the p-value and test statistic for the chi-square test for this two-way table? What conclusion can you make?

On May 1, Brown & Son enter into a written contract with Gary Green to paint his cottage over the July 1 Canada Day long weekend for $1000. On May 2, Brown & Son obtain a contract with the Langley School Board to paint the Sussex Middle School by July 15 for $5000. In June, Brown’s son becomes ill. Without the help of his son, Brown feels that he will not be able to complete both the Sussex Middle School contract and the Green contract on time. Brown calls Green to tell him that the contract is off. Green agrees. The next morning, Brown’s son makes a remarkable recovery from his illness, and he is back at work by that afternoon. Brown realizes that he can now finish both contracts on time. He calls

Green to affirm that he will be able to paint his house after all. Green tells Brown that his services are no longer required. Brown reminds Green of the written agreement, and threatens to sue him. What claim, if any, does Brown have against Green?

6.

Question 6

John Jones is deciding on one of two career choices, before retiring in 40 years time.

Choice 1

John can go to a prestigious graduate school for two years and obtain a degree. Including tuition and living expenses, he expects to pay $75,000 at the end of each year for two years while at school. After graduating, he expects to land a demanding job that pays $150,000 at the end of the third year, and grows at a constant rate of 5% each year (so at the end of the fourth year he expects 150,000*1.05 etc.) He will retire in 38 years after finishing graduate school.

Choice 2

John can continue in his present job. He expects to be paid $84,000 at the end of the year, and expects his salary to increase by 6% every year, paid at the end of each year. He expects to work for 40 years before retiring.

If John’s discount rate is 10%, which career choice should he pursue?

conclusion summary at the end show formulas

Question 6 John Jones is deciding on one of two career choices, before retiring in 40 years time. Choice 1 John can go to a prestigious graduate school for two years and obtain a degree. Including tuition and living expenses, he expects to pay $75,000 at the end of each year for two years while at school. After graduating, he expects to land a demanding job that pays $150,000 at the end of the third year, and grows at a constant rate of 5% each year (so at the end of the fourth year he expects 150,000*1.05 etc.) He will retire in 38 years after finishing graduate school.

Choice 2 John can continue in his present job. He expects to be paid $84,000 at the end of the year, and expects his salary to increase by 6% every year, paid at the end of each year. He expects to work for 40 years before retiring. If John’s discount rate is 10%, which career choice should he pursue?

Please use formulas if needed so I understand.

A prospective MBA student earns $60,000 per year in her current job and expects that amount to increase by 14% per year. She is considering leaving her job to attend business school for two years at a cost of $45,000 per year. She has been told that her starting salary after business school is likely to be $90,000 and that amount will increase by 10% per year. Consider a time horizon of 10 years, use a discount rate of 12%, and ignore all considerations not explicitly mentioned here. Assume all cash flows occur at the start of each year (i.e., immediate, one year from now, two years from now,..., nine years from now). Also assume that the choice can be implemented immediately so that for the MBA alternative the current year is the first year of business school. What is the net present value of the more attractive choice? Please round your answer to the nearest dollar. Please check your answer I have received the wrong answer for this question before.

A guidance counselor claims that high school students in a college preparation program have higher ACT scores than those in a general program. The sample mean ACT score for 49 high school students who are in a college preparation program is 22.2 and the sample standard deviation is 4.8. The sample mean ACT score for 44 high school students who are in a general program is 20.0 and the sample standard deviation is 5.4.  

Use an 8% level of significance to conduct test the guidance counselor’s claim. Assume the distribution of ACT scores for both programs are approximately normally distributed. Assume that σ_{college prep}² ‡ σ_general² .  

H₀:                                                                                      Level of significance (α):   α =         

H_A:                                                                                     Type test:     two-tailed    left tail      right tail

Specify the random variable and distribution to be used in this hypothesis test.

Calculate the p-value                                                          Draw a graph and show the p-value

Show your work and any calculator functions used.

Compare the p-value with α                             Decide to Reject or Fail to reject the null hypothesis                   

Conclusion. State your results in non-technical terms.

FC.71 Five-star sells school related products. Their top seller, the five subject spiral notebook, has done very well. The notebook's sales during the back-to-school season (July through October) over the last three years are shown below:

For the five-subject notebook, Five-star's projected sales for the 2020 back-to-school season of are 375,000. Based on the past sales and this year's projected sales, answer the following questions.

Given the above information and using the most appropriate forecasting method, what should be the forecast for July 2020 sales? (Display your answer to the nearest whole number.)

   

What is the forecast for August 2020 sales? (Display your answer to the nearest whole number.)

   

What is the forecast for September 2020 sales? (Display your answer to the nearest whole number.)

   

What is the forecast for October 2020 sales? (Display your answer to the nearest whole number.)

In the old type of family household economy or "self-supporting community," which in general survived on country estates, even in Europe, until the nineteenth century, the economic processes of production and consumption can be viewed as self-contained and closed to the outside world. The self-contained aspect of the household disappeared as the various households associated with each other to exchange products, which in turn encouraged greater specialization in production. The earlier type of rural household became increasingly specialized in agricultural production and was merged into the larger economic unit. This larger unit, composed of a group of specialized economic units linked to each other through cooperation and mutual exchange, formed an exchange economy.

   "The course of economic development is often represented as if an exchange economy, with direct exchange but without money, preceded the money economy, which is then represented as if it were essentially different, and on an independent, higher plane of development. On the contrary, a more careful inquiry shows that the development of money has always been parallel to that of the exchange economy; that the exchange of goods and the use of money have mutually aided each other at every stage; and that the development of a coordinated monetary system of the modern type is approximately coincident with the effective establishment of the general exchange economy. Furthermore, there has never been an exchange economy of any degree of development -- one with an organized exchange of products between independent economic units -- without money." [Gustav Cassel, The Theory of Social Economy (New York: Harcourt, Brace; 1932), pp.47-8]

(a) Describe the characteristics of an efficient monetary system. What are the potential sources of cost reduction specific to money that could improve the efficiency of a monetary system?

(b) Explain how improvements in a monetary system would act to promote greater specialization in production, and thus, expand the volume of mutually beneficial trade. Why would improvements in a monetary system compliment and operate in parallel with improvements in an exchange economy? Carefully explain.

in python programming language, please include the proper identation

This homework will allow you to demonstrate understanding and engagement with the following topics:

graph representations

object oriented programming

graph processing,such as finding shortest paths and finding tree traversals

Your task is to implement a Graph class. The edges in the graph are undirected, but you must implement an Edge class. In addition, you will have a Graph class, and a Node class. You can choose to implement graphs with any of the four implementation methods.

init

insertNode(d) : takes data contained as its argument, and adds it into the graph, after putting the data element into a node

deleteNode(d): finds a node with data d in its node, and deletes it. Also deletes all edges from and into it. Prints an error message if no such node exists.

insertEdge(a, b, w, name): Inserts a new edge between node with data a and node with data b. The edge has name name, and weight w. Prints an error message if either of those nodes does not exist.

deleteEdge(a,b): Deletes the edge between a node with data a and a node with data b. Prints an error message if no such edge exists.

FindPath(a,b): Prints the shortest path from node with data a to node with data b, found by using Dijkstra's algorithm. The printing of the path includes printing the nodes which are part of the path, as well as printing the name and weight of each of the edges. Nodes and edges are printed in the order in which they are part of the path. Finally, prints the total weight of the path. Prints an error message if the path does not exist.

FindSpanningTree(n): uses Kruskal's algorithm to find a spanning tree rooted on node n. The printing of the tree includes printing the nodes which are part of the tree, as well as printing the name and weight of each of the edges. Prints an error message if the spanning tree does not exist (that is, if the algorithm runs out of edges, and there are still two or more groups of nodes that have not been merged.