1. Download this file to your hard drive and follow the instructions in the Module 9 Assignment (Word) document.
2. Prepare two files for your post. The first file should be a text file containing your Python solution. The second file should contain your output file(txt).

Complete the following using Python on a single text file and submit your code and your output as separate documents. For each problem create the necessary list objects and write code to perform the following examples:

1. Sum all the items in a list.
2. Multiply all the items in a list.
3. Get the largest number from a list.
4. Get the smallest number from a list.
5. Remove duplicates from a list.
6. Check a list is empty or not.
7. Clone or copy a list.
8. Find the list of words that are longer than n from a given list of words.
9. Take two lists and returns True if they have at least one common member.
10. Print a specified list after removing the 0th, 4th and 5th elements.
    Sample List: ['Red', 'Green', 'White', 'Black', 'Pink', 'Yellow']
    Expected Output: ['Green', 'White', 'Black']
11. Print the numbers of a specified list after removing even numbers from it.
12. Shuffle and print a specified list.
13. Get the difference between the two lists.
14. Convert a list of characters into a string.
15. Find the index of an item in a specified list.
16. Append a list to the second list.
17. Select an item randomly from a list.
18. Find the second smallest number in a list.
19. Find the second largest number in a list.
20. Get unique values from a list.
21. Get the frequency of the elements in a list.
22. Count the number of elements in a list within a specified range.
23. Check whether a list contains a sub list.
24. Create a list by concatenating a given list which range goes from 1 to n.
    Sample list : ['p', 'q'], n = 5
    Sample Output : ['p1', 'q1', 'p2', 'q2', 'p3', 'q3', 'p4', 'q4', 'p5', 'q5']
25. Find common items from two lists.
26. Change the position of every n-th value with the (n+1)th in a list.
    Sample list: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
    Expected Output: [1, 0, 3, 2, 5, 4]
27. Convert a list of multiple integers into a single integer.
    Sample list: [11, 33, 50]
    Expected Output: 113350
28. Split a list based on the first character of a word.
29. Select the odd items of a list.
30. Insert an element before each element of a list.
31. Print all elements of a nested lists (each list on a new line) using the print() function.
32. Split a list every Nth element.
    Sample list: ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n']
    Expected Output: [['a', 'd', 'g', 'j', 'm'], ['b', 'e', 'h', 'k', 'n'], ['c', 'f', 'i', 'l']]
33. Create a list with infinite elements.
34. Concatenate elements of a list.
35. Convert a string to a list.
36. Replace the last element in a list with another list.
    Sample data : [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10], [2, 4, 6, 8]
    Expected Output: [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8]
37. Check if the n-th element exists in a given list.
38. Find a tuple with the smallest second index value from a list of tuples.
39. Insert a given string at the beginning of all items in a list.
    Sample list: [1,2,3,4], string: emp
    Expected output: ['emp1', 'emp2', 'emp3', 'emp4']
40. Find the list in a list of lists whose sum of elements is the highest.
    Sample lists: [1,2,3], [4,5,6], [10,11,12], [7,8,9]
    Expected Output: [10, 11, 12]
41. Find all the values in a list are greater than a specified number.
42. Extend a list without append.
    Sample data: [10, 20, 30]
    [40, 50, 60]
    Expected output: [40, 50, 60, 10, 20, 30]
43. Remove duplicates from a list of lists.
    Sample list : [[10, 20], [40], [30, 56, 25], [10, 20], [33], [40]]
    New List : [[10, 20], [30, 56, 25], [33], [40]]

In a study of academic procrastination, the authors of a paper reported that for a sample of 411 undergraduate students at a midsize public university preparing for a final exam in an introductory psychology course, the mean time spent studying for the exam was 7.64 hours and the standard deviation of study times was 3.60 hours. For purposes of this exercise, assume that it is reasonable to regard this sample as representative of students taking introductory psychology at this university.

(a) Construct a 95% confidence interval to estimate μ, the mean time spent studying for the final exam for students taking introductory psychology at this university. (Round your answers to three decimal places.)
(   ,   )

(b) The paper also gave the following sample statistics for the percentage of study time that occurred in the 24 hours prior to the exam.

n = 411      x = 43.28      s = 21.66

Construct a 90% confidence interval for the mean percentage of study time that occurs in the 24 hours prior to the exam. (Round your answers to three decimal places.)
(   ,   )

Interpret the interval.

*We are confident that 90% of the mean percent of study time that occurs in the 24 hours prior to the exam for all students taking introductory psychology at this university is within this interval.

*We are 90% confident that the mean percent of study time for all students taking introductory psychology is within this interval.

*We are confident that the mean percent of study time that occurs in the 24 hours prior to the exam for all students taking introductory psychology at this university is within this interval at least 90% of the time.

*We are 90% confident that the mean percent of study time that occurs in the 24 hours prior to the exam for all students taking introductory psychology at this university is within this interval.

Dr. Addison hypothesizes that going through a training program will increase weekly reading. College students read a mean of 2.4 days a week with a standard deviation of 1.9 days. Dr. Addison's sample of 28 students read a mean of 2.5 days a week. What can be concluded with an α of 0.10?

a) What is the appropriate test statistic?
---Select--- na / z-test / one-sample t-test/ independent-samples t-test / related-samples t-test

b)
Population:
---Select--- students / individuals exposed to the training program / college students / days in the week (reading)
Sample:
---Select--- students / individuals exposed to the training program college students / days in the week (reading)

c) Obtain/compute the appropriate values to make a decision about H₀.
(Hint: Make sure to write down the null and alternative hypotheses to help solve the problem.)
critical value =  ; test statistic =
Decision:  ---Select--- Reject H0 / Fail to reject H0

d) If appropriate, compute the CI. If not appropriate, input "na" for both spaces below.
[  ,  ]

e) Compute the corresponding effect size(s) and indicate magnitude(s).
If not appropriate, input and select "na" below.
d =  ;   ---Select--- na/ trivial effect / small effect / medium effect / large effect
r² =  ;   ---Select--- na / trivial effect / small effect / medium effect / large effect

f) Make an interpretation based on the results.

Individuals that went through the training program did significantly more reading than college students.Individuals that went through the training program did significantly less reading than college students.    The training program has no significant effect on weekly reading.

Dr. Page believes that going through a training program will decrease weekly reading. College students read a mean of 2.3 days a week with a variance of 0.49 days. Dr. Page's sample of 31 students read a mean of 1.9 days a week. What can be concluded with α = 0.01?

a) What is the appropriate test statistic?
---Select--- na z-test one-sample t-test independent-samples t-test related-samples t-test

b)
Population:
---Select--- (reading) college students days in the week individuals exposed to the training program students
Sample:
---Select--- (reading) college students days in the week individuals exposed to the training program students

c) Obtain/compute the appropriate values to make a decision about H₀.
(Hint: Make sure to write down the null and alternative hypotheses to help solve the problem.)
critical value =  ; test statistic =
Decision:  ---Select--- Reject H0 Fail to reject H0

d) If appropriate, compute the CI. If not appropriate, input "na" for both spaces below.
[  ,  ]

e) Compute the corresponding effect size(s) and indicate magnitude(s).
If not appropriate, input and select "na" below.
d =  ;   ---Select--- na trivial effect small effect medium effect large effect
r² =  ;   ---Select--- na trivial effect small effect medium effect large effect

f) Make an interpretation based on the results.

Individuals that went through the training program did significantly more reading than college students.Individuals that went through the training program did significantly less reading than college students.    The training program has no significant effect on weekly reading.

HW 20

A researcher wants to know if students are more successful in taking online courses now as compared to 2016. In 2016, 44% of students taking an online class passed the class. She collects data from 125 online students, and finds that 58 of them passed their classes . Test her claim that the percentage of successful completion has increased since 2016.

*What is the null hypothesis?                            [ Select ]                       ["HA: mu>0.44", "H0: p=44", "H0: mu=44", "H0: p=0.44", "H0: mu=0.44"]      

*What is the alternative hypothesis?                            [ Select ]                       ["HA: mu < 0.44", "HA: P < 0.44", "HA: p > 0.44", "H0: mu is not equal to 0.44"]      

*This test is                            [ Select ]                       ["right tailed", "left tailed", "two tailed"]      

*Which distribution and what degrees of freedom do you need?                            [ Select ]                       ["The normal distribution with 124 degrees of freedom.", "The normal distribution", "The student t-distribution with 124 degrees of freedom.", "The student t-distribution with 125 degrees of freedom."]      

*The test statistic is                            [ Select ]                       ["0.5406", "0.464", "0.0444", "1.96", "0.2944"]      

*The P-value is                            [ Select ]                       ["0.2944", "0.464", "0.0444", "0.5406", "0.048"]      

*What is the conclusion?                             [ Select ]                       ["Reject the null hypothesis. Evidence supports the claim that the percent of successful students is higher than in 2016.", "Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the percent of successful students is higher than in 2016.", "Reject the null hypothesis. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the percent of successful students is higher than in 2016.", "Fail to reject the null hypothesis. Evidence supports the claim that the percent of successful students is higher than in 2016."]      

How can I make a problem like this simpler? and what equation do I use for part D? Thanks!

A researcher wonders if mental simulation will help one more successfully achieve one’s goals. To test this idea, the researcher recruited six students from a general psychology class, several weeks before their first midterm. After their first midterm, the researcher got the students’ scores on this test from their professor. Several weeks later, each of the students was brought into the lab where they completed a mental simulation exercise. In this exercise, students were asked to imagine themselves preparing to study by turning off the radio and TV, then sitting at one’s desk with no distractions around, and studying for several hours. They were asked to imagine themselves going through this process several times. Finally, they were asked to simulate taking the test. The students were asked to repeat this simulation exercise at least once daily until their next test. After the students took their second test, the researcher compared their scores to those they received on the first test. The students’ scores on their tests are presented below:

a. What is the null hypothesis?

b. What is the research hypothesis?

c. What is the critical value of your test statistic? Be sure to specify df.

d. What is the obtained value of your test statistic?

e. What is your statistical conclusion?

f. Provide a substantive conclusion.

An organization monitors many aspects of elementary and secondary education nationwide. Their 2000 numbers are often used as a baseline to assess changes. In 2000 48 % of students had not been absent from school even once during the previous month. In the 2004 ​survey, responses from 6827 randomly selected students showed that this figure had slipped to 47 %. Officials would note any change in the rate of student attendance. Answer the questions below.

​(a) Write appropriate hypotheses.

Upper H 0 : The percentage of students in 2004 with perfect attendance the previous month ▼ is greater than 48%. is less than 48%. is different from 48%. is equal to 48%.

Upper H Subscript Upper A Baseline : The percentage of students in 2004 with perfect attendance the previous month ▼ is greater than 48%. is equal to 48%. is less than 48%. is different from 48%.

(b) Check the necessary assumptions.

The independence condition is ▼ satisfied. not satisfied. The randomization condition is ▼ not satisfied. satisfied. The​ 10% condition is ▼ satisfied. not satisfied. The​ success/failure condition is ▼ not satisfied. satisfied. ​

(c) Perform the test and find the​ P-value. ​P-value equals ________ ​(Round to three decimal places as​ needed.) ​

(d) State your conclusion. Assume a=0.05.

A. We fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence to suggest that the percentage of students with perfect attendance in the previous month has changed.

B. We can reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence to suggest that the percentage of students with perfect attendance in the previous month has changed.

C. We fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is not sufficient evidence to suggest that the percentage of students with perfect attendance in the previous month has changed.

Students completed a high school senior level standardized algebra exam. Major for students was also recorded. Data in terms of percent correct is recorded below for 32 students. We are interested to see if there is any difference between students' high-school algebra test scores and subsequent declared college major.

These students have now also just completed the same college-level calculus class and received a grade. We are therefore now also interested to see if there is any relationship between the students' algebra test scores and their calculus course grades: On average, did students who tended to score higher on the high-school algebra test also finish the course with higher grades? Conveniently, only one student of each major received the same grade (see table - for example, there is only one Education major who received a grad of A).

Use the Microsoft Excel "Anova Single-Factor" Data Analysis tool to conduct a 2-way ANOVA test for the data in the following table:

1. What are your two null hypotheses in this study?
2. What are your two corresponding alternate hypotheses? Use the phrase "at least one" in each of your hypothesis statements.
3. What level of significance did you choose and why?
4. What are your F_crit values?

I am writing a reasearch paper for my Accounting for Not-For-Profit Organizations class about higher education at public colleges and universities. I wrote an abstract for my paper. Enclosed is an my abstract and will you check and see if I need corrections? I don't mind if you get assistance from a person with an expertise in writing.

Abstract

For high graduates, it should be an exciting time for them with plans to go to college but it can turn out to be nightmare for both the students and their parents. The correlation between public universities raising tuition fees and potential students of diverse backgrounds wanting to attend their schools is on account of the following: a) Often, the students and parents equate price with equality. The parents feel that if they can’t afford that much price, they might be less attractive to students. b) Parents and students feel higher the tuition fees, higher the earning opportunities in future when college is done. c) Demand for higher education has grown across the globe. Jobs offered today are demanding higher education degree as a recruitment requirement. d) Every country might not have higher education levels. Thus, students prefer to travel to those countries which have higher education levels and thus willing to pay for the increased tuition fees. e) Rise is tuition fees is on account of inflation, though major universities have increased the tuition fees, the net price which is tuition fees - scholarships and other grants has not increased in real dollar terms for public universities. Thus, the rate of students opting for such colleges is still high.

Keywords: higher education, public schools

Using diaries for many weeks, a study on the lifestyles of visually impaired students was conducted. The students kept track of many lifestyle variables including how many hours of sleep obtained on a typical day. Researchers found that visually impaired students averaged 9.63 hours of sleep, with a standard deviation of 2.92 hours. Assume that the number of hours of sleep for these visually impaired students is normally distributed.

(a) What is the probability that a visually impaired student gets at most 6.3 hours of sleep? Express your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places. e.g. 1.23% Do not include the % symbol in your answer.

(b) What is the probability that a visually impaired student gets between 8 and 9.02 hours of sleep? Express your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places. e.g. 1.23% Do not include the % symbol in your answer.

(c) What is the probability that a visually impaired student gets at least 8.2 hours of sleep? Express your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places. e.g. 1.23% Do not include the % symbol in your answer.

(d) What is the sleep time that cuts off the top 33 % of sleep hours? Round your answer to 2 decimal places.

(e) If 400 visually impaired students were studied, how many students would you expect to have sleep times of more than 9.02 hours? Round to the nearest whole number.

(f) A school district wants to give additional assistance to visually impaired students with sleep times at the first quartile and lower. What would be the maximum sleep time to be recommended for additional assistance? Round your answer to 2 decimal places.