The production capacity for acrylonitrile (C₃H₃N) in the United States exceeds 2 million pounds per year. Acrylonitrile, the building block for polyacrylonitrile fibers and a variety of plastics, is produced from gaseous propylene, ammonia, and oxygen.

2 C₃H₆(g) + 2 NH₃(g) + 3 O₂(g) → 2 C₃H₃N(g) + 6 H₂O(g)

(a) What mass of acrylonitrile can be produced from a mixture of 1.22 kg of propylene (C₃H₆), 1.62 kg of ammonia, and 1.87 kg of oxygen, assuming 100% yield?

The production capacity for acrylonitrile (C3H3N) in the United States exceeds 2 million pounds per year. Acrylonitrile, the building block for polyacrylonitrile fibers and a variety of plastics, is produced from gaseous propylene, ammonia, and oxygen. 2 C3H6(g) + 2 NH3(g) + 3 O2(g) → 2 C3H3N(g) + 6 H2O(g) (a) What mass of acrylonitrile can be produced from a mixture of 1.16 kg of propylene (C3H6), 1.65 kg of ammonia, and 1.78 kg of oxygen, assuming 100% yield? (b) What mass of water is produced? (c) What mass of oxygen is left in excess?

The United States has sent extremely large numbers of troops to countries like Iraq and Afghanistan over the past decade. Record numbers of soldiers returning from combat duty in the Middle East have been diagnosed as suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Considering our understanding of PTSD, why do you imagine these figures have grown so rapidly over the last few years? What might be possible treatment options for addressing this matter? Explain.

Credit card usage in the United States is substantial. Many startup companies use credit cards as a way to help meet short-term financial needs. The most common forms of debt for startups are use of credit cards and loans from relatives.

Suppose that you start up Brothers Sandwich Shop. You invested your savings of $20,000 and borrowed $70,000 from your relatives. Although sales in the first few months are good, you see that you may not have sufficient cash to pay expenses and maintain your inventory at acceptable levels, at least in the short term. You decide you may need to use one or more credit cards to fund the possible cash shortfall.

Instructions:

(a) Go to the Internet and find two sources that provide insight into how to compare credit card terms.

(b) Develop a list, in descending order of importance, as to what features are most important to you in selecting a credit card for your business.

(c) Examine the features of your present credit card. (If you do not have a credit card, select a likely one online for this exercise.) Given your analysis above, what are the three major disadvantages of your present credit card?

Suppose that the United States and Saudi Arabia can each produce two products, oil and personal computers. The labor requirements per unit of output are provided in the table below:

Calculate the labor and opportunity costs for each good, and then compute each country’s absolute and comparative advantage. Use the results to determine what good each country should export and explain your reasoning.

1. What does absolute advantage mean? How do you calculate absolute advantage?
2. Which country has an absolute advantage in producing oil? Explain using the data from the table.
3. Which country has an absolute advantage in producing personal computers? Explain using the data from the table.
4. What does comparative advantage mean? How do you calculate comparative advantage?
5. In what output(s) does the U.S. have a comparative advantage? Explain using the data from the table.
6. In what output(s) does Saudi Arabia have a comparative advantage? Explain using the data from the table.
7. What product should each country export? Why

Lionel Corporation manufactures pharmaceutical products sold through a network of sales agents in the United States and Canada. The agents are currently paid an 18% commission on sales; that percentage was used when Lionel prepared the following budgeted income statement for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2019:

Since the completion of the income statement, Lionel has learned that its sales agents are requiring a 5% increase in their commission rate (to 23%) for the upcoming year. As a result, Lionel’s president has decided to investigate the possibility of hiring its own sales staff in place of the network of sales agents and has asked Alan Chen, Lionel’s controller, to gather information on the costs associated with this change.

Alan estimates that Lionel must hire eight salespeople to cover the current market area, at an average annual payroll cost for each employee of $80,000, including fringe benefits expense. Travel and entertainment expenses is expected to total $600,000 for the year, and the annual cost of hiring a sales manager and sales secretary will be $150,000. In addition to their salaries, the eight salespeople will each earn commissions at the rate of 10% of sales. The president believes that Lionel also should increase its advertising budget by $500,000 if the eight salespeople are hired.

Required

-Determine Lionel’s breakeven point (operating profit = 0) in sales dollars for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2019, if the company hires its own sales force and increases its advertising costs. Prove this by constructing a contribution income statement.

-If Lionel continues to sell through its network of sales agents and pays the higher commission rate, determine the estimated volume in sales dollars that would be required to generate the operating profit as projected in the budgeted income statement.

-Describe the general assumptions underlying breakeven analysis that may limit its usefulness.

-What is the indifference point in sales for the firm to either accept the agents' demand or adopt the proposed change? Determine which plan is better for the firm.

-Are there ethical issues?

This is for United states Principles list 3: Econ 1 Principle 1. Explain the one condition that is necessary for a bank to create money and the quantity of money that bank can create, if banks’ have to back up their deposit customers’ checking account balances with reserve assets:

Principle2. Explain the combined quantity of money all the banks in multi-bank banking system will be capable of creating, if one bank is capable of creating money

Principle 3. Explain the one condition that is necessary for a bank to destroy money and the quantity of money that bank will destroy, if banks’ have to back up their deposit customers’ checking account balances with reserve assets:

Principle4. Explain the combined quantity of money all the banks in multi-bank banking system will destroy, if one bank destroy money

United States Motors Inc. (USMI) manufactures automobiles and light trucks and distributes them for sale to consumers through franchised retail outlets. As part of the franchise agreement, dealerships must provide monthly financial statements following the USMI accounting procedures manual. USMI has developed the following financial profile of an average dealership that sells 3,400 new vehicles annually:

USMI is considering a major expansion of its dealership network. The vice president of marketing has asked Jack Snyder, corporate controller, to develop some measure of the risk associated with the addition of these franchises. Jack estimates that 90% of the mixed costs shown are variable for purposes of this analysis. He also suggests performing regression analyses on the various components of the mixed costs to more definitively determine their variability.

Required:

1. Calculate the composite dealership profit if 4,850 units are sold.

3. The regression equation that Jack Snyder developed to project annual sales of a dealership has an R-squared of 60% and a standard error of the estimate of $10,200,000. If the projected annual sales for a dealership total $64,600,000, determine the approximate 95% confidence interval for Jack’s prediction of sales. (Hint: The 95% confidence interval uses 2 standard errors in determining the interval.)

PART TWO:

Maintenance expenses of a company are to be analyzed for purposes of constructing a flexible budget. Examination of past records disclosed the following costs and volume measures:

Using the high-low technique, estimate the annual fixed cost for maintenance expenditures:

• $228,000.

• $240,000.

• $230,000.

• $384,000.

• $447,000.

Select the correct anser

Everyone in a nation gains from exports. True/False

If the United States imposes a tariff, the price paid by U.S. consumers does not change. True/False

If a country imposes a tariff on rice imports, domestic production of rice will increase and domestic consumption of rice will decrease. True/False

A tariff increases the gains from trade for the exporting country. True/False

An import quota specifies the minimum quantity of the good that can be imported in a given period. True/False

Dumping by a foreign producer is easy to detect. True/False

Protection saves U.S. jobs at no cost. True/False