Leather Ltd has been in business for many years making hand-made, high end, leather goods. One of its products is a designer jacket. There are two divisions involved in the production of jackets, the Cutting Centre and the Stitching Division. Budgeted production for both divisions is 500 jackets per year. The Cutting Centre specialises in cutting out the unique designs and currently only supplies to the Stitching Division, which expertly hand stitches the product to make a jacket of exceptional quality. The Stitching Division then sells the product to exclusive clients for £3,500 per jacket. The Cutting Centre incurs variable costs of £1,800 per jacket and fixed overheads of £100,000. The Stitching Division incurs further variable processing costs of £900 per jacket and fixed overheads of £50,000.

Required: (b) Calculate the budgeted annual profit for each division and the company as a whole if the cut leather is transferred to the Stitching Division at transfer price of £2,000.

(c) Assuming divisional performance is measured based on profit, discuss and explain the likely reaction of the divisional managers to an imposed transfer price of £2,000. (maximum word count 100 words)

(d) It has now come to light that the Cutting Centre could sell 300 units of cut designs to an external customer for £3,000 per unit. Discuss the effect that this will have on Leather Ltd’s profits and the willingness of each divisional manager to accept an imposed transfer price of £2,000 in each of the following scenarios separately: Scenario 1: The Cutting Centre capacity is sufficient to supply both the external customer and the Stitching Division. Scenario 2: A restricted supply of skilled labour means that the Cutting Centre has a maximum production capacity of 500 units.

Use calculations to support your answer. (maximum word count 120 words)

(e) If the Cutting Centre’s demand from external customers grows until it reaches a point where it is working at maximum capacity supplying goods to external customers at £3,000 a unit, calculate and explain the minimum transfer price that the Cutting Centre would charge, assuming other costs remain the same. (maximum word count 60 words)

Problem 1 - Find the Diphthongs

A diphthong is a composite vowel sound composed of two simple vowel sounds. We're going to be looking for these in words. For instance "ay" is normally a diphthong for instance in the words "lay" and "day", as is "ou" for instance in "loud," "lout."

We're going to simplify this by looking only for two vowels in a row in a word regardless of whether they are sounded out as diphthongs or not.  

Let me show some examples of the counting:

[Ae]rat[io]n; count = 2

F[ou]ndat[io]n; count = 2

Q[ue][ue]ing; count = 2

The reason that we are counting this as two, is because once we've used a vowel as part of a diphthong do not use it again.   

Note also that after the last pair, there's another vowel, but since the last e was used, the i doesn't pair, so it is not part of a diphthong.  

P[ae]an; count = 1

Several; count = 0

[Ae][ae][ae][ae][ae]; count = 5

This is obviously an invented word, but who cares, it's composed of five diphthong pairs.  

Glor[ia]; count = 1

For this exercise, the vowels are a, e, i, o, u, and y.  

Take in a word, output each diphthong pair and finally output the count.  

In terms of spaces, commas, and periods, let the words be divided, so don't count a dipthong over a space or other grammatical mark, meaning that for instance "a year" should group like "a [ye]ar" rather than "[a y][ea]r."  

Sample Output

If you want to eliminate a space between your letters and you're printing the characters separately, use:

print('a', 'e', sep='')

DIRECTION: Create an NCP in relation to the case scenario.

Case Scenario: This is a case of a patient referred to a specialty memory clinic at the age of 62 with a 2-year history of repetitiveness, memory loss, and executive function loss. Magnetic resonance imaging scan at age 58 revealed mild generalized cortical atrophy. He is white with 2 years of postsecondary education. Retirement at age 57 from employment as a manager in telecommunications company was because family finances allowed and not because of cognitive challenges with work. Progressive cognitive decline was evident by the report of deficits in instrumental activities of daily living performance over the past 9 months before his initial consultation in the memory clinic. Word finding and literacy skills were noted to have deteriorated in the preceding 6 months according to his spouse. Examples of functional losses were being slower in processing and carrying out instructions, not knowing how to turn off the stove, and becoming unable to assist in boat docking which was the couple’s pastime. He stopped driving a motor vehicle about 6 months before his memory clinic consultation. His past medical history was relevant for hypercholesterolemia and vitamin D deficiency. He had no surgical history. He had no history of smoking, alcohol, or other drug misuse. Laboratory screening was normal. There was no first-degree family history of presenile dementia. Neurocognitive assessment at the first clinic visit revealed a poor verbal fluency (patient was able to produce only 5 animal names and 1 F-word in 1 min) as well as poor visuospatial and executive skills. He had fluent speech without semantic deficits. His neurological examination was pertinent for normal muscle tone and power, mild ideomotor apraxia on performing commands for motor tasks with no suggestion of cerebellar dysfunction, normal gait, no frontal release signs. His speech was fluent with obvious word finding difficulties but with no phonemic or semantic paraphrasic errors. His general physical examination was unremarkable without evidence of presenile cataracts. He had normal hearing. There was no evidence of depression or psychotic symptoms.

Using python

what is needed to be added or changed

Problem 1:

The program has three functions in it.

1. I’ve written all of break_into_list_of_words()--DO NOT CHANGE THIS ONE. All it does is break the very long poem into a list of individual words. Some of what it's doing will not make much sense to you until we get to the strings chapter, and that's fine--that's part of why I wrote it for you. :)
2. There’s a main() which you’ll add a little bit to, but it should stay pretty small -- some print statements and some function calls
3. There’s a definition of a function called count_how_many_words(), which takes two arguments. (Don’t change the arguments.) You’ll write the entire block for this.
   1. Note: My return statement is definitely not what you want; it’s just there so that the program runs when I give it to you. You will want to change what the function returns!

I want you to complete the count_how_many_words() function, and then call it (multiple times) inside main() to find out how many times Poe used the word “Raven” (or “raven”) and how many times he used “Nevermore” (or “nevermore”) inside the poem “The Raven.” You may not use list.count().

Don’t add any global variables or constants (besides the one I’ve declared, which could be moved into main() but would be even uglier there).

Example output (with incorrect numbers):

The word "Raven" (or "raven") appears 42 times in Edgar Allen Poe's "The Raven."

The word "Nevermore" (or "nevermore") appears 48 times in Edgar Allen Poe's "The Raven."

# this is what quick-and-dirty data cleaning looks like, friends

def break_into_list_of_words(string):

    """takes a long string and returns a list of all of the words in the string"""

    # vvv YOU DO NOT HAVE TO CHANGE ANYTHING IN HERE vvv

    list_of_words = []

    # break by newlines to get a list of lines

    list_of_lines = string.split('\n')

    # remove the empty lines

    while '' in list_of_lines:

        list_of_lines.remove('')

    # split the line up

    for line in list_of_lines:

        # we have a few words run together with dashes

        # this breaks the line up by dashes (non-ideal, but eh)

        maybe_broken_line = line.split('—')

        # now we will take the line that might be split, and we'll split again

        # but this time on spaces

        for a_line in maybe_broken_line:

            list_of_words = list_of_words + a_line.split(' ')

    # if blank spaces crept in (they did), let's get rid of them

    while ' ' in list_of_words:

        list_of_words.remove(' ')

    while '' in list_of_words:

        list_of_words.remove('')

    # removing a lot of unnecessary punctuation; gives you more options

    # for how to solve this problem

    # (you'll get a cleaner way to do this, later in the semester, too)

    for index in range(0, len(list_of_words)):

        list_of_words[index] = list_of_words[index].strip(";")

        list_of_words[index] = list_of_words[index].strip("?")

        list_of_words[index] = list_of_words[index].strip(".")

        list_of_words[index] = list_of_words[index].strip(",")

        list_of_words[index] = list_of_words[index].strip("!")

        # smart quotes will ruin your LIFE

        list_of_words[index] = list_of_words[index].strip("“")

        list_of_words[index] = list_of_words[index].strip("”")

        list_of_words[index] = list_of_words[index].strip("’")

        list_of_words[index] = list_of_words[index].strip("‘")

    # all we have now is a list with words without punctuation

    # (secretly, some words still have apostrophes and dashes in 'em)

    # (but we don't care)

    return list_of_words

    # ^^^ YOU DO NOT HAVE TO CHANGE ANYTHING IN HERE ^^^

# this is the function you'll add a lot of logic to

def count_how_many_words(word_list, counting_string):

    """takes in a string and a list and returns the number of times that string occurs in the list"""

    return None # this is just here so the program still compiles

def main():

    count = 0

    words = break_into_list_of_words(THE_RAVEN)

    # a reasonable first step, to see what you've got:

    # for word in words:

    #     print(word, end = " ")

if __name__ == "__main__":

    main()

Item 1

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 2

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 3

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 4

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 5

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 6

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 7

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 8

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 9

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 10

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

java programming

You will be given two interfaces and two abstract classes, FileTextReader, FileTextWriter, AbstractFileMonitor, and AbstractDictionary. Your job is to create two classes the first class should be named FileManager, the second class should be named Dictionary. The FileManager will implement the interfaces FileTextReader and FileTextWriter and extend the clas AbstractFileMonitor. Your class signature would look something like the following:

public class FileManager extends AbstractFileMonitor implements FileTextReader, FileTextWriter{...

The constructor signature of the FileManager should look like the following:

public FileManager(String filePath){...

The Dictionary will extend the abstract class AbstractDictionary. Your class signature would look something like the following:

public class Dictionary extends AbstractDictionary {...

The constructor signature of the Dictionary should look like the following:

public Dictionary(String path, FileManager fileManager) throws IOException {...

Please read the programmatic documentation of the two interfaces and abstract classes to gain an understanding of what each function should do. This assignment will test your knowledge of reading and writing to a text file, implementing interfaces, extending abstract classes, throwing exceptions and working with collections specifically sets.

This project is accompanied by two test classes, ManagerTest, and DictionaryTest. They will test the functionality of the functions in the interfaces and the abstract methods of classes. Its recommended that you implement the FileManager before working on the AbstractDictionary.

Abstract Dictionary

package homework;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;

* A class that holds a collection of words read from a text file. The collection of words is used in the methods of this class
* methods provided in this class.

public abstract class AbstractDictionary {
  
   private final FileTextReader FILE_READER;
   private final Set ALL_WORDS;
  
   /**
   * Creates an abstract dictionary of words using the text file at the specified path.
   * @param path a path to a text file containing a dictionary of words
   * @param dictionaryFileReader the FileReader used to read from the text file at the specified path
   * @throws IOException thrown if there is a problem reading the file at the path
   */
  

public AbstractDictionary(String path, FileTextReader dictionaryFileReader) throws IOException {
       Objects.requireNonNull(dictionaryFileReader, "The File reader can not be null");
       Objects.requireNonNull(path, "The path can not be null");

      FILE_READER = dictionaryFileReader;

       ALL_WORDS = FILE_READER.getAllLines(path);
   }
  
   /**
   * Returns a set of all the words contained in the dictionary text file.
   * @return a set containing all the words in the dictionary file.
   */
  

public Set getAllWords(){
       return ALL_WORDS;
   }
   /**
   * Counts the number of words in this Dictionary that start with the specified prefix and have a length that is equal or greater
   * than the specified size. If size the specified size is less than 1 then word size is not taken into account.
   * @param prefix the prefix to be found
   * @param size the length that the word must equal or be greater than. If a value less than 1 is specified, all words regardless of their
   * characters size should be considered. In other words if the size parameter is < 1 word size is disregarded in the calculations.
   * @param ignoreCase if true this will ignore case differences when matching the strings. If false this considers
   * case differences when matching the strings
   * @return The number of words that start with the specified prefix
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified string is null or empty (Meaning contains no characters or only white space or blank)
   */

public abstract int countWordsThatStartWith(String prefix, int size, boolean ignoreCase) throws IllegalArgumentException;

   /**
   * Tests if this Dictionary contains at least one word with a length equal to or greater than the specified size that starts with the specified prefix.
   * If size the specified size is less than 1 then word size is not taken into account.
   * @param prefix the prefix to be found
   * @param size the length that the word must equal or be greater than. If a value less than 1 is specified, all words regardless of their
   * characters size should be considered. In other words if the size parameter is < 1 word size is disregarded in the calculations.
   * @param ignoreCase if true this will ignore case differences when matching the strings. If false this considers
   * case differences when matching the strings
   * @return The number of words that start with the specified prefix
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified string is null or empty (Meaning contains no characters or only white space)
   */
  

public abstract boolean containsWordsThatStartWith(String prefix, int size, boolean ignoreCase) throws IllegalArgumentException;
   * Returns a set of all the words within in this Dictionary that start with the specified prefix and have a length that is equal or greater
   * than the specified size. If size the specified size is less than 1 then word size is not taken into account.
   * @param prefix the prefix to be found
   * @param size the length that the word must equal or be greater than. If a value less than 1 is specified, all words regardless of their
   * characters size should be considered. In other words if the size parameter is < 1 word size is disregarded in the calculations.
   * @param ignoreCase if true this will ignore case differences when matching the strings. If false this considers
   * case differences when matching the strings
   * @return A list of all strings that start with the specified prefix
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified string is null or empty (Meaning contains no characters or only white space)

   public abstract Set getWordsThatStartWith(String prefix, int size, boolean ignoreCase) throws IllegalArgumentException;
}

AbstractFileMonitor

package homework;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.DigestInputStream;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
* A class with methods to monitor a text file.

public abstract class AbstractFileMonitor {

   private MessageDigest messageDigest;
   private int currentCheckSum;
   private boolean hasChanged = false;
   private long nextUpateTime = 0;
  
   public AbstractFileMonitor(String path){
setFilePath(path);
}
   * Updates the variables that correspond to the file being monitored
   * This function has been throttled such that it will only update values every 250 ms. In other words successive calls to this
   * function in time intervals that are less than 250 ms will yield no change.
   * @throws IOException Thrown if any type of I/O exception occurs while writing to the file
   * @throws IllegalStateException If the {@link #setFile(String)} method in not invoked with a proper file prior to invocation of this
   * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException If the computer's OS is missing the SHA-256 hashing algorithm
   * method. In other words if no file is currently set to be monitored.

   public void update() throws IOException, IllegalStateException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {

      if(messageDigest == null){
           messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
       }
      
       if(nextUpateTime > System.currentTimeMillis()) {
           hasChanged = false;
          
          return;
       }
      
      nextUpateTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + 250;
      
       File file = new File(getFilePath());
      
       if(!file.exists()) return;
      
try (DigestInputStream dis = new DigestInputStream(new FileInputStream(getFilePath()), messageDigest)) {
while (dis.read() != -1) ;
messageDigest = dis.getMessageDigest();
}

StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (byte b : messageDigest.digest()) {
result.append(String.format("%02x", b));
}
  
hasChanged = currentCheckSum != result.toString().hashCode();
  
currentCheckSum = result.toString().hashCode();
   }
   * Tests if the file being monitored has changed since the last time {@link #update()} was invoked
   public boolean hasChanged(){
       return hasChanged;
}
   public abstract void setFilePath(String path);
   public abstract String getFilePath() throws IllegalStateException;
}

FileTextReader

package homework;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

public interface FileTextReader{
   public String readText(String path) throws IOException;
   * @throws IOException Thrown if any type of I/O exception occurs while writing to the file

public Set getAllLines(String path) throws IOException;
   * @throws IOException Thrown if any type of I/O exception occurs while writing to the file
public String getLastLine(String path) throws IOException;
}

FileTextWriter

package homework;

import java.io.IOException;

public interface FileTextWriter {
   * @throws IOException Thrown if any type of I/O exception occurs while writing to the file
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified string is null or empty (Meaning contains no characters or only white space)
   public void writeToFile(String string, String path) throws IOException, IllegalArgumentException;
}

java programming

You will be given two interfaces and two abstract classes, FileTextReader, FileTextWriter, AbstractFileMonitor, and AbstractDictionary. Your job is to create two classes the first class should be named FileManager, the second class should be named Dictionary. The FileManager will implement the interfaces FileTextReader and FileTextWriter and extend the clas AbstractFileMonitor. Your class signature would look something like the following:

public class FileManager extends AbstractFileMonitor implements FileTextReader, FileTextWriter{...

The constructor signature of the FileManager should look like the following:

public FileManager(String filePath){...

The Dictionary will extend the abstract class AbstractDictionary. Your class signature would look something like the following:

public class Dictionary extends AbstractDictionary {...

The constructor signature of the Dictionary should look like the following:

public Dictionary(String path, FileManager fileManager) throws IOException {...

Please read the programmatic documentation of the two interfaces and abstract classes to gain an understanding of what each function should do. This assignment will test your knowledge of reading and writing to a text file, implementing interfaces, extending abstract classes, throwing exceptions and working with collections specifically sets.

This project is accompanied by two test classes, ManagerTest, and DictionaryTest. They will test the functionality of the functions in the interfaces and the abstract methods of classes. Its recommended that you implement the FileManager before working on the AbstractDictionary.

Abstract Dictionary

package homework;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;

* A class that holds a collection of words read from a text file. The collection of words is used in the methods of this class
* methods provided in this class.

public abstract class AbstractDictionary {
  
   private final FileTextReader FILE_READER;
   private final Set ALL_WORDS;
  
   /**
   * Creates an abstract dictionary of words using the text file at the specified path.
   * @param path a path to a text file containing a dictionary of words
   * @param dictionaryFileReader the FileReader used to read from the text file at the specified path
   * @throws IOException thrown if there is a problem reading the file at the path
   */
  

public AbstractDictionary(String path, FileTextReader dictionaryFileReader) throws IOException {
       Objects.requireNonNull(dictionaryFileReader, "The File reader can not be null");
       Objects.requireNonNull(path, "The path can not be null");

      FILE_READER = dictionaryFileReader;

       ALL_WORDS = FILE_READER.getAllLines(path);
   }
  
   /**
   * Returns a set of all the words contained in the dictionary text file.
   * @return a set containing all the words in the dictionary file.
   */
  

public Set getAllWords(){
       return ALL_WORDS;
   }
   /**
   * Counts the number of words in this Dictionary that start with the specified prefix and have a length that is equal or greater
   * than the specified size. If size the specified size is less than 1 then word size is not taken into account.
   * @param prefix the prefix to be found
   * @param size the length that the word must equal or be greater than. If a value less than 1 is specified, all words regardless of their
   * characters size should be considered. In other words if the size parameter is < 1 word size is disregarded in the calculations.
   * @param ignoreCase if true this will ignore case differences when matching the strings. If false this considers
   * case differences when matching the strings
   * @return The number of words that start with the specified prefix
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified string is null or empty (Meaning contains no characters or only white space or blank)
   */

public abstract int countWordsThatStartWith(String prefix, int size, boolean ignoreCase) throws IllegalArgumentException;

   /**
   * Tests if this Dictionary contains at least one word with a length equal to or greater than the specified size that starts with the specified prefix.
   * If size the specified size is less than 1 then word size is not taken into account.
   * @param prefix the prefix to be found
   * @param size the length that the word must equal or be greater than. If a value less than 1 is specified, all words regardless of their
   * characters size should be considered. In other words if the size parameter is < 1 word size is disregarded in the calculations.
   * @param ignoreCase if true this will ignore case differences when matching the strings. If false this considers
   * case differences when matching the strings
   * @return The number of words that start with the specified prefix
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified string is null or empty (Meaning contains no characters or only white space)
   */
  

public abstract boolean containsWordsThatStartWith(String prefix, int size, boolean ignoreCase) throws IllegalArgumentException;
   * Returns a set of all the words within in this Dictionary that start with the specified prefix and have a length that is equal or greater
   * than the specified size. If size the specified size is less than 1 then word size is not taken into account.
   * @param prefix the prefix to be found
   * @param size the length that the word must equal or be greater than. If a value less than 1 is specified, all words regardless of their
   * characters size should be considered. In other words if the size parameter is < 1 word size is disregarded in the calculations.
   * @param ignoreCase if true this will ignore case differences when matching the strings. If false this considers
   * case differences when matching the strings
   * @return A list of all strings that start with the specified prefix
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified string is null or empty (Meaning contains no characters or only white space)

   public abstract Set getWordsThatStartWith(String prefix, int size, boolean ignoreCase) throws IllegalArgumentException;
}

AbstractFileMonitor

package homework;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.DigestInputStream;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
* A class with methods to monitor a text file.

public abstract class AbstractFileMonitor {

   private MessageDigest messageDigest;
   private int currentCheckSum;
   private boolean hasChanged = false;
   private long nextUpateTime = 0;
  
   public AbstractFileMonitor(String path){
setFilePath(path);
}
   * Updates the variables that correspond to the file being monitored
   * This function has been throttled such that it will only update values every 250 ms. In other words successive calls to this
   * function in time intervals that are less than 250 ms will yield no change.
   * @throws IOException Thrown if any type of I/O exception occurs while writing to the file
   * @throws IllegalStateException If the {@link #setFile(String)} method in not invoked with a proper file prior to invocation of this
   * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException If the computer's OS is missing the SHA-256 hashing algorithm
   * method. In other words if no file is currently set to be monitored.

   public void update() throws IOException, IllegalStateException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {

      if(messageDigest == null){
           messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
       }
      
       if(nextUpateTime > System.currentTimeMillis()) {
           hasChanged = false;
          
          return;
       }
      
      nextUpateTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + 250;
      
       File file = new File(getFilePath());
      
       if(!file.exists()) return;
      
try (DigestInputStream dis = new DigestInputStream(new FileInputStream(getFilePath()), messageDigest)) {
while (dis.read() != -1) ;
messageDigest = dis.getMessageDigest();
}

StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (byte b : messageDigest.digest()) {
result.append(String.format("%02x", b));
}
  
hasChanged = currentCheckSum != result.toString().hashCode();
  
currentCheckSum = result.toString().hashCode();
   }
   * Tests if the file being monitored has changed since the last time {@link #update()} was invoked
   public boolean hasChanged(){
       return hasChanged;
}
   public abstract void setFilePath(String path);
   public abstract String getFilePath() throws IllegalStateException;
}

FileTextReader

package homework;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

public interface FileTextReader{
   public String readText(String path) throws IOException;
   * @throws IOException Thrown if any type of I/O exception occurs while writing to the file

public Set getAllLines(String path) throws IOException;
   * @throws IOException Thrown if any type of I/O exception occurs while writing to the file
public String getLastLine(String path) throws IOException;
}

FileTextWriter

package homework;

import java.io.IOException;

public interface FileTextWriter {
   * @throws IOException Thrown if any type of I/O exception occurs while writing to the file
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified string is null or empty (Meaning contains no characters or only white space)
   public void writeToFile(String string, String path) throws IOException, IllegalArgumentException;
}

We need to create that two classes.

Research the range of contemporary issues teenagers face today. In a 500-750-word paper, choose one issue (besides teen pregnancy) and discuss its effect on adolescent behavior and overall well-being. Include the following in your submission:

1. Describe the contemporary issue and explain what external stressors are associated with this issue.
2. Outline assessment strategies to screen for this issue and external stressors during an assessment for an adolescent patient. Describe what additional assessment questions you would need to ask and define the ethical parameters regarding what you can and cannot share with the parent or guardian.
3. Discuss support options for adolescents encountering external stressors. Include specific support options for the contemporary issue you presented.

Part 1: Model Building

1. Submit both this word and excel file

2. Keep two decimal places for your answer

Using the data Reynolds.xls. The variables are defined as:

Sales (Y) =number of electronic laboratory scales sold

Months (X) =the number of months the salesperson has been employed

1. Develop the scatter plot using Sales as y axis and Months as x axis, and can you see the curvature?

2. Using a simple linear regression model to develop an estimated regression equation to predict the Sales. What is the adjusted-R square?

3. Using a second-order regression model to develop an estimated regression equation to predict the Sales. What is the adjusted-R square? (Hint: second-order regression model should look like: y=b0+b1X+b2X2, and we learnt it in Chapter 16)

4. Compare the adjusted-R square from 2 and 3, which one is larger? Which model is better? (Hint: we learn this in Chapter 15)

5. Use 4 diagrams to test the 5 model assumptions for the second-order regression model. Do you think they are violated? (Hint: we learn this in week 12 computer skill class)

Tobacco smoking (1500 Word)

Tobacco smoking has long been established as a serious public health concern in Australia. The Australian government and health groups have used a multi-pronged strategy to reduce smoking rates over time. Discuss the economic rationale for these strategies and their likely impact on the consumption of tobacco products and subsequent health outcomes. In your answer, include the following:

a. The operation of an excise tax on tobacco product sales, using demand and supply curves to explore its impact.

b. The role of anti-smoking education campaigns to address potential market failure.