The lecturer claims that the underlying true average mark for this exam is 67. The lecturer wants to test if the new cohort marks (sample mean: 52.222, sample variance: 153.651, n: 130) support this hypothesis. The minimum and maximum marks in the new cohort are 27.421 and 76.607 respectively.

a. Write down the null and alternative hypothesis we would use to test the lecturers claim that the true average mark is 67.

b. What are the assumptions for conducting a hypothesis test around this data? Are these satisfied? You may assume that more than 1300 students take the course each year.

c. Calculate the p-value for your hypothesis.

d. What is the conclusion for your hypothesis test?

Prof. Weiner is interested in analyzing the distribution of the variable X=’grading in Microeconomics for Policy Analysis’. He collected administrative information from the School from 1990 to 2010 and based on this data he concludes X follows a normal distribution with mean 75 and variance 30.

2.1 What is the probability that a typical student from the current cohort enrolled in Microeconomics for Policy Analysis receives a grade above 80?

2.2 Between what values will the grades of 95% of all students in the current cohort fall?

2.3 Find the value that represents the 25^th and 75^th percentile of this distribution. Then, find the interquartile range. Can a student who got 45 be considered a potential outlier?  

Discuss how ”Kurt lewin's” and “Bridges’ model” of transition might be used by a leader and what role he might play as a change agent while people are transiting from one stage to another. ( 400 words)

Higher unemployment caused by the recession and higher gasoline prices have contributed to a substantial reduction during 2008 in the number of vehicles on roads, bridges, and in tunnels. According to The Wall Street Journal (April 28, 2009), the reduction in demand for toll bridge and tunnel crossing created a serious revenue problem for many cities. In New York, the number of vehicles traveling across bridges and through tunnels fell from 23.6 million in January 2008 to 21.9 million in January 2009. “That drop presents a challenge, because road tolls subsidize MTA subways, which are more likely to be used as people get out of their cars.” In an apparent attempt to rise toll revenue, the MTA increased tolls by 10 percent on the nine crossings it controls.

A week before a certification election, a WalShop store manager (who resides in Walnut) walks by a Rancho Cucamonga church in order to observe a union organizing meeting she read about on a bulletin board in the employee cafeteria.  According to her rough count, approximately a hundred of the 250 employees at the store were attending.  She looks for familiar faces from the sidewalk outside (and makes notes of what she observes) but does not attempt to make contact with anyone going inside the church.    After several nervous employees called the manager’s presence out to the union supporter, Arturo Cruz, Cruz comes outside and orders the manager to leave.  After a brief argument, the manager departs but not before wagging her finger at the church and shouting “Unions will be the death of us all!”   The union loses the election by a close margin (120 in favor of certification, 130 against).  Shortly thereafter, the union files an unfair labor charge against WalShop claiming that the supervisor’s presence and words constituted a “threat of reprisal” and thereby invalidated the election.  In testimony before the Administrative Law Judge (ALJ), the supervisor states she was merely in the neighborhood and walked by out of curiosity.  Management tells the ALJ that it neither ordered nor was aware of the supervisor’s action at the time it occurred. A regional vice president admitted, however, that he received a memo from the manager the day after the meeting describing what she had seen (including the names of some prominent employees in attendance) but claims to have taken no action based on the memo.   Does the union need to prove that an unfair labor practice charge occurred in order to invalidate the election?  Without regard to whether an unfair labor practice can be proven, should the election be ruled invalid (be sure to name the appropriate test the NLRB uses for judging elections and analyze the facts to determine whether that test can be proven)?  Be sure to explain your answer.

According to the author of "Health Economic and Finances" the author Getzen, 2013, who pays for the cost of medical care increases: employers, employees, government or insurance companies? Why should we care (Chapter 5)?

Suppose that cohort quality of immigrants is increasing over time, and that return migration is positively selected from the original migrant pool. Explain the two problems this creates for correctly estimating immigrant assimilation.

What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide? Why do you think it is important that the sugar phosphate backbone of DNA is held together by covalent bonds, and the cross-bridges between the two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds?

Message Strategies: Informational Reports [LO-1] Find an article in a business newspaper or journal (in print or online) that recommends a solution to a problem. Identify the problem, the recommended solution(s), and the supporting evidence provided by the author to justify his or her recommendation(s). Did the author cite any formal or informal studies as evidence? What facts or statistics did the author include? Did the author cite any criteria for evaluating possible options? If so, what were they?