For each of the following characteristics, identify whether it is associated with transcription, translation, and/or DNA replication

a. occurs in the nucleus

b. involves silencers, enhancers, activators, and repressors

c. requires primers

d. requires a polymerase enzyme

e. involves a leading strand, lagging strand, and okazaki fragments

f. Requires tRNA

g. a process targeted as part of regulation of gene expression

h. Process includes initiation, extension, and termination phases

Q1)

A) True or False? Proximity and orientation effects are a feature of all enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Explain your reasoning.

B) PMSF (phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride) is an inactivator of serine proteases. It is commonly used in the production of protein for experimental study; it prevents cellular proteases from digesting the protein of interest
True or false? Lowering the pH of the solution would alter binding by PMSF. In a single sentence, explain how you arrived at your answer.

Which of the following would result in reduced blood volume and blood pressure?

Dehydration

Consumption of hard alcohol (a diuretic)

Increased renin secretion by the granular cells

Natriuresis as caused by elevated atrial natriuretic peptide levels

Insertion of ENaC molecules into the apical side of the P cells

Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme

Increased angiotensinogen production but with no change in available renin.

In the absence of ACE inhibition, increased ANG I production

Fill out table and show all calculations

Final             Volume of              Volume of               Volume of       Final volume (uL)

[PNPP] mM   0.5mM PNPP(ul)   0.2M Tris-HCl(ul)   enzyme (uL)

0.01                                                                            100                        1500

0.02                                                                             100                       1500

0.04                                                                             100                         1500

0.06                                                                            100                            1500

0.08                                                                            100                              1500

0.1                                                                           100                             1500

0.2                                                                              100                               1500

0.3                                                                           100                               1500

0.4                                                                             100                                1500

Describe the general disease process. What are some components of microbes that can affect the disease process in their favor? Choose a human pathogen. Describe it's disease process (How does it infect the human)? What are the signs and symptoms? What is the most common treatment plan?

Question: The subject of modern human variation was framed in lecture as being the result of what three major selective pressures. List these and provide examples that illustrate how these pressures have changed the human gene pool over time.

please answer in 100 word or more

Briefly discuss the process of evolution in producing our species, Homo sapiens. What was/were the trend/s in hominin evolution? What role does evolution play in producing human variation? How do we study and attempt to understand human variation? Why?

Briefly describe the pathway of light through the human eye to the retina. (right sequence)

make sure you have included all the components the light goes through in the human eye. It is essential to provide the components in the right sequence, starting from the more exteriorly located.

Use human genetics knowledge to answer the following questions (Please print):

1.(10) Is bipedalism a uniquely human trait? What makes us morphologically human and different? Expound on the uniqueness of humans compared to some of our closest relatives. Think behavior, neurological, social etc?

2.(10) Simple Mendelian disease was difficult to determine genetically. Using Tay Sachs disease, or another Mendelian disease that was not covered in class, tell me how it was discovered, when, what mode of inheritance it has, what gene causes it, how the gene was determined (if it is possible).