16.1In the 1920s, Mohandas Gandhi showed the people of India how to use Henry David Thoreau’s ideas about “civil disobedience,” the nonviolent resistance of unjust laws and policies, to win their country’s independence from the British Empire. 2In 1955, the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. led a bus boycott in Alabama founded on the principles of civil disobedience, which led to the civil rights movement of the 1960s. 3During that same decade, people who opposed the Vietnam War engaged in nonviolent demonstrations modeled on Thoreau’s ideas. 4Since the 1970s, adversaries of nuclear weapons and nuclear power have used civil disobedience tactics for their protests at test sites, storage facilities, government offices, and power plants. 5Thoreau’s concept of civil disobedience has also influenced how activists have battled since the 1980s against the racial segregation that has divided blacks and whites in South Africa.(a) What is the topic of the reading?a. Mohandas Gandhi and Henry David Thoreaub. Henry David Thoreauc. Thoreau’s influence on acts of civil disobedienced. the civil rights movement of the 1960s

(b) If there is a topic sentence, please paraphrase it on the blanks below. If the main idea is implied, please write the implied main idea on the blanks below.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Tough-Built Corporation produces specialized truck body components, specializing in hydraulic lifts for dump trucks. Founded 35 years ago by George Halloway, the firm now employs 150 workers and has annual sales of over $10 million. George operates the firm in a highly centralized way, and retains control over all changes in operations. He is a regular visitor to the production area, which helps him "keep his finger on the pulse of the firm."
Although George Halloway is now 67 years old, he has no apparent management successor, and has always hand-picked his department heads and staff personnel. He has been generous to those who worked for him, paying substantial bonuses each year to the employees based on his personal evaluation of each worker. Just six weeks ago, a heart attack convinced George to consider retirement, and he decided to sell the firm to his employees. You are assigned the task of recommending a set of strategic performance measures for the firm, assuming that the new worker management wants to operate as a decentralized firm.

Required:

What major management problems do you foresee in the transition from sole owner to employee ownership?

An 8^1/2 30-year US corporate bond is callable in 12 years. It is currently sold at a price of $960. The call premium is 10 percent. The prevailing market interest rate at the call date is 8 percent.

a. What is the yield to call to an investor who does not reinvest the call price at the prevailing interest rate at the call date?

b. What is the yield to call to an investor who reinvests the call price at the prevailing interest rate at the call date?

1. Erika and Kitty, who are twins, just received $30,000 each for their 25th birthday. They both have aspirations to become millionaires. Each plans to make a $5,000 annual contribution to her “early retirement fund” on her birthday, beginning a year from today. Erika opened an account with the Safety First Bond Fund, a mutual fund that invests in high-quality bonds whose investors have earned 6% per year in the past. Kitty invested in the New Issue Bio-Tech Fund, which invests in small, newly issued bio-tech stocks and whose investors have earned an average of 20% per year in the fund’s relatively short history.
   1. If the two women’s funds earn the same returns in the future as in the past, how old will each be when she becomes a millionaire?
   2. How large would Erika’s annual contributions have to be for her to become a millionaire at the same age as Kitty, assuming their expected returns are realized?
   3. Is it rational or irrational for Erika to invest in the bond fund rather than in stocks?

Solve using a financial calculator and explain why FV is negative.

Erika and Kitty, who are twins, have aspirations to become millionaires. Each plans to make a $10,000 annual contribution to her “early retirement fund”, beginning a year from today. Erika plans to open an account with the Safety First Bond Fund, a mutual fund that invests in high-quality bonds whose investors have earned 3 percent per year in the past. Kitty will invest in the New Issue Bio-Tech Fund, which invests in small, newly issued bio-tech stocks and whose investors on average have earned 9 percent per year in the fund’s relatively short history.

a) If the two women’s funds earn the same returns in the future as in the past, how much will each twin have in her account at the end of five years? (Use the step-by-step approach.) (5 points)

b) How long will it take each twin to accumulate $1,000,000? (Use your financial calculator.) (2 points)

c) How large would Erika’s annual contributions need to be for her to become a millionaire in 25 years? (Use your financial calculator.) (1 point)

Business Events and Transactions for September 2019:

The following transactions occurred during the first week of September.

• September 1- Pay the $3,175 August interest owed to the bank. Also make a $40,000 payment on the bank note principal.

• September 1- The company purchased office supplies for the first time in September. They purchased $2,400 in supplies from Office Depot and paid for it in cash.

• September 5- the company has collected $225,000 in cash on the August 31 outstanding accounts receivable. Record the collection of the accounts receivable.

• September 5- Sunhurst Country Club, LLC paid its outstanding August 31 Salaries Payable of $3,000.

• September 5- Sunhurst Country Club, LLC paid the August 31 accounts payable of $184,921. Since no purchase discounts were available, the full amount owed for August was paid.

Record the following transactions that occurred during the month of September. Record the transactions on September 30^th:

• Total Rental Fees for golf clubs, carts, etc collected in cash for the month were $22,500.

• Total Greens Fees Revenue collected in cash for the month of September was $245,600.

• The golf instructor has finished the last two weeks of golf lessons for the students that paid in July (4 weeks of revenue earned during last month August and remaining 2 weeks in September). The golf students who paid in August began their lessons in September. The golf course has earned 4 of the six weeks that the students paid for in August. Record the total golf lesson revenue earned during the month of September. Use the Excel Template to help you make the calculation.

• Golf course maintenance expenses paid in cash for the month of September were $155,200.

• Payroll accounting (see Chapter 8): The salary expense for September was $23,000. Payroll withholdings for the employees’ federal, state and FICA withholdings totaled $4,500 which was accrued at month end for payment in October. This resulted in the net payroll paid to employees of $18,500 during September. Credit the “Payroll Taxes Payable” account for the withholdings and cash for the net payroll the employees received. RECORD THE FOLLOWING ENTRY:

Salaries Expense 23,000

Payroll Tax Payable 4,500

Cash 18,500

2

• Utility expenses (electricity, water, sewer) paid in cash during September totaled $48,120.

In a journal please, I want to make sure I did it correctly.

1. 7.75 p. 428

Salaries for teachers in a particular elementary school district are normally distributed with a mean of $44,000 and a standard deviation of $6,500. We randomly survey ten teachers from that district.

a. In words, X = ______________

b. X ~ _____(_____,_____)

c. In words, ΣX = _____________

d. ΣX ~ _____(_____,_____)

e. Find the probability that the teachers earn a total of over $400,000.

f. Find the 90th percentile for an individual teacher's salary.

g. Find the 90th percentile for the sum of ten teachers' salary.
h. If we surveyed 70 teachers instead of ten, graphically, how would that change the distribution in part d?

i. If each of the 70 teachers received a $3,000 raise, graphically, how would that change the distribution in part b?

2. 7.90 p. 431

The average length of a maternity stay in a U.S. hospital is said to be 2.4 days with a standard deviation of 0.9 days. We randomly survey 80 women who recently bore children in a U.S. hospital.

a. In words, X = _____________

b. In words, X ¯ = ___________________

c. X ¯ ~ _____(_____,_____)

d. In words, ΣX = _______________

e. ΣX ~ _____(_____,_____)

f. Is it likely that an individual stayed more than five days in the hospital? Why or why not?

g. Is it likely that the average stay for the 80 women was more than five days? Why or why not? h. Which is more likely:

i. An individual stayed more than five days.

ii. the average stay of 80 women was more than five days.

i. If we were to sum up the women’s stays, is it likely that, collectively they spent more than a year in the hospital? Why or why not?

(3) Finding Dory Coral Reef communities are home to one-quarter of all marine plants and animals worldwide. These reef support large fisheries by providing breeding grounds and safe havens for young fish of many species. Coral reefs are seawalls (protecting shorelines from tides, storm-surges, and hurricanes as well as produce the limestone and sand of which beaches are made), Marine scientists say that a tenth of the world’s reef systems have been destroyed in recent times. At current rates of loss, almost three-quarters of the reefs could be gone in 30 years. A particular lab studies corals and the diseases that affect them. Dr. Drew Harvell and his lab sampled sea fans at 19 randomly selected reefs along the Yucatan peninsula and diagnosed whether the animals (the sea fans) were affected by aspergillosis1 . In specimens collected at a depth of 40 feet at the Las Redes Reef in Akumal, Mexico, scientists found that 52% of the 104 sampled sea fans were infected with aspergillosis.

(a) What are the mean (proportion, p) and standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample proportion (mean (p) and sepˆ) of infected sea fans? What should the distribution look like (think of the definition of CLT)?

(b) What is probability that the sample proportion of infected sea fans is less than 50% (that is find P(ˆp < .5))?

(c) What is probability that the sample proportion of infected sea fans is between 40 and 60%?

(4) There is no Dana, only Zeul (Who you gonna call?) In November of 2005 the Harris Poll asked 889 randomly selected US adults, “Do you believe in ghosts?” 29% said they did.

(a) In constructing confidence intervals, would we use z ? or t ? in this situation? Briefly explain why you would use one instead of the other.

(b) Estimate p, the true proportion of US adults that believe in ghosts, with 90% confidence. Interpret the interval in context of the data.

(c) Suppose, using the information from the survey (the 29% that believe in ghosts) that a new survey is to be taken and the new bound is to be 2%. What sample size will be required?

(d) Suppose that we know nothing of any prior results from this study (thus have no estimate for the proportion of those US adults that believe in ghosts). What proportion should we use for the estimation? What sample size do we need with no prior information? Why is it different than the sample size from part (c).

(5) Got Milk? Although most of us buy milk by the quart or gallon, farmers (at least in the US) measure daily production in pounds (lbs.). Ayrshire cows have a known standard deviation of 6 pounds and average 47 pounds of milk per day. Jersey cows have a known standard deviation of 5 pounds and the mean daily production is 43 pounds. Assume that the distribution of daily milk production is approximately normal and suppose one farm has 20 of each type of cow (20 Ayrshire and 20 Jersey).

(a) In constructing confidence intervals, would we use z ? or t ? in this situation? Briefly explain why you would use one instead of the other.

(b) Estimate µ, the true mean daily milk production of both Ayrshire and Jersey cows (you will have 2 CIs), with 95% confidence. Interpret.

(c) Suppose the next time the farmer takes a sample of Ayrshire cows, he wants to make sure the bound is 2. Maintaining 95% confidence, what sample size will be required for the new sample?

(6) Using the t table Find the degrees of freedom (df) and the value of t ? for the given sample size and confidence level or significance level (α). [Hint: if it states ‘CL’, that means that α is divided by 2. If it says ‘α = ’, then you do not divide α by 2.]

(a) n = 6,CL = 90%

(b) n = 21,CL = 98%

(c) n = 29,CL = 95%

(d) n = 12,CL = 99%

(e) n = 6,α = 0.10

(f) n = 21,α = 0.01

(g) n = 40,α = 0.05

(7) It ain’t easy bein’ green A dealer in recycled paper places empty trailers at various sites. The trailers are gradually filled by individuals who bring in old newspapers and magazines, and are picked up on several schedules. One such schedule involves pickup every second week. This schedule is desirable if the average amount of recycled paper is more than 1600 cubic feet per 2-week period. Below is a copy of the dealer’s records for eighteen 2-week periods show the following volumes (in cubic feet) at a particular site; the mean and standard deviation are as follows: X¯ = 1721.6 and s = 154.5

(a) In constructing confidence intervals, would we use z ? or t ? in this situation? Briefly explain why you would use one instead of the other.

(b) Estimate the true mean weight of recycled paper with 95% confidence. Interpret.

recycle=c(1935,1556,1752,1969,1804,1842,1994,1810,1827,1725,2003,1499,1809,1795,1622,1620,1777,2035)

(8) 9.7 p. 535

In a population of fish, approximately 42% are female. A test is conducted to see if, in fact, the proportion is less. State the null and alternative hypotheses

(9) 9.9 p. 535

A random survey of 75 death row inmates revealed that the mean length of time on death row is 17.4 years with a standard deviation of 6.3 years. If you were conducting a hypothesis test to determine if the population mean time on death row could likely be 15 years, what would the null and alternative hypotheses be?

a. H_0: __________

b. H_a: __________

(10) 9.62 p. 538

Some of the following statements refer to the null hypothesis, some to the alternate hypothesis. State the null hypothesis, H0, and the alternative hypothesis. Ha, in terms of the appropriate parameter (μ or p).

a. The mean number of years Americans work before retiring is 34.

b. At most 60% of Americans vote in presidential elections.

c. The mean starting salary for San Jose State University graduates is at least $100,000 per year.

d. Twenty-nine percent of high school seniors get drunk each month.

e. Fewer than 5% of adults ride the bus to work in Los Angeles.

f. The mean number of cars a person owns in her lifetime is not more than ten.

g. About half of Americans prefer to live away from cities, given the choice.

h. Europeans have a mean paid vacation each year of six weeks.

i. The chance of developing breast cancer is under 11% for women.

j. Private universities' mean tuition cost is more than $20,000 per year

Conscientiousness is a trait which implies discipline, dependability, and a heightened sense of personal responsibility. A school administrator wants to compare conscientiousness between high school and university students. He recruits 10 university and 15 high school students and measures their conscientiousness scores on a scale from 1 to 20 where 20 indicates greater conscientiousness. The university students have a mean conscientiousness score of 10 with a standard deviation of 1.5. The high school students have a mean conscientiousness score of 8 with a standard deviation of 1.7. In addition, standard error = .646. Is there a difference in conscientiousness between high school and university students?

a. Identify the IV, IV levels, and DV.

IV:
Levels:
DV:

b. Is this experiment a paired-samples or independent-samples design?

c. State null and alternative hypotheses in words.

H₀:
H₁:

d. Conduct a statistical test of the hypothesis

t( ) =

e. Decide whether to reject or retain the null hypothesis.

f. Interpret your results.

Conscientiousness is a trait which implies discipline, dependability, and a heightened sense of personal responsibility. A school administrator wants to compare conscientiousness between high school and university students. He recruits 10 university and 15 high school students and measures their conscientiousness scores on a scale from 1 to 20 where 20 indicates greater conscientiousness. The university students have a mean conscientiousness score of 10 with a standard deviation of 1.5. The high school students have a mean conscientiousness score of 8 with a standard deviation of 1.7. In addition, standard error = .646. Is there a difference in conscientiousness between high school and university students?

a. Identify the IV, IV levels, and DV.

IV:
Levels:
DV:

b. Is this experiment a paired-samples or independent-samples design?

c. State null and alternative hypotheses in words.

H₀:
H₁:

d. Conduct a statistical test of the hypothesis

t( ) =

e. Decide whether to reject or retain the null hypothesis.

f. Interpret your results.

1. Suppose there are three buyers of candy in a market: Tex, Dex and Rex. The market demand and the individual demands are shown below: Price per candy Individual quantities demanded Market demand Tex Dex Rex $8 3 1 0 4 $7 8 2 2 12 $6 12 3 4 19 $5 17 4 6 27 $4 23 5 8 36 (1) Based on the individual demand information and market demand information offered, FILL the missing values in the table (2*5=10 points). (2) Among the three buyers in the market, which buyer demands the least at a price of $5? (10 points).Please make sure your answer is in complete sentence(s). Among three individual buyers, the individual who demands the lest amount at a price of $5, would be Dex. (3) At market price of $4, Tex decided to decrease his purchase on candy from 23 significantly to 5, can you list at least three possible reasons explaining his decreased quantity demanded for candy?(3*10=30 points). Please make sure your answer is in complete sentence(s). (4) Suppose at the price of $5, the total quantity demanded decreased from 27 to 23, is this a “change in the quantity demanded” or “change in demand”? Offer your answer with brief explanation. Please make sure your answer is in complete sentence(s). (10 points for correct answer and 10 points for correct explanation=20 points). (5) Assume at market price of $8, the market supply for candy stays the same, now both Dex and Rex decided to increase their purchase on candy, how does this change affect market demand(10 points), which direction market demand curve will shift to(10 points)? And how does this change affect equilibrium price as well as equilibrium quantity for candy market?(10 points). Please make sure your answer is in complete sentence(s).