Consider the following passage:

The first and most manifest way is the argument from motion. It is certain and evident to our senses that some things are in motion. Whatever is in motion is moved by another.... For 'motion' means the reduction of something from a state of potentiality into a state of actuality. But a thing can be reduced from a state of potentiality into a state of actuality only by something already in a state of actuality.... It is impossible for the same thing should be simultaneously in a state of actuality and potentiality from the same point of view, but only from different points of view.... Therefore, whatever is in motion must be put in motion by another, and that by another again. This cannot go on to infinity, because then there would be no first mover, and, consequently, no other movers--since subsequent movers only move insofar as they are put in motion by the first mover.... Therefore it is necessary to arrive at a first mover, put in motion by no other; and this everyone understands to be God.

The following question has 2 parts:

Please formalize the argument presented in this passage.
Please present your one best criticism of the argument presented in the passage

Synopsis

Camilla has just recently inherited her grandfather’s Ferrari factory. She has no accounting background, and at the young age of only 24 ½ , she has requested your expert help in creating a budget for next year (2018). The following information was obtained through an interview with her and her top management.

-Sales

Expected Sales (units): Management expect to sell 100 cars the first quarter with a 10% increase  each succeeding quarter.

Expected Sales price = $325,000

-Production

Since Ferrari cars are generally pre-ordered, each quarter the company manufactures the number of cars expected to be sold in the following quarter. Ferrari does not maintain any inventory. Production for the fourth quarter will be equal to expected sales in the first quarter 2019 or 140 units.

-Materials

Ferrari maintains an ending inventory of raw materials equal to 10% of the next quarter’s production requirements.

The manufacture of each car requires 2000 pounds of raw materials, and the expected cost per pound is $50/pound.

Assume that the desired ending direct materials amount is 28,000 pounds for the fourth quarter of 2018.

-Labor

Direct labor hours are determined from the production budget. At Ferrari, much is done by robots, however the final touches require twenty hours of direct labor to produce each car. The anticipated hourly wage rate is $25.

-Manufacturing overhead

Ferrari expects variable costs to fluctuate with production volume on the basis of the following rates per direct labor hour:

indirect materials                      $2,500

indirect labor                            $1,000

utilities                                     $500

maintenance                             $250.

-Ferrari expects Fixed Manufacturing Costs to be as follows (quarterly):

Supervisory salaries                   $50,000

Depreciation                             $21,250

Property taxes                          $40,000

Maintenance                            $15,000

Selling and Administrative

Variable expense rates per unit of sales are sales commissions $5,000 and freight-out $2,500.

Ferrari’s fixed selling and administrative costs are as follows (quarterly):

Camilla’s Salary and Bonus        $2,500,000

Advertising                               $1,000,000

Sales salaries                            $500,000

Office salaries                           $600,000

Depreciation                             $1,000,000

Property Taxes and Insurance    $1,500,000

-Other

Interest Expense for 2018          $100,000

Taxes are computed at 40% of pretax income

Question: Complete the 2018 budget as requested. You must create the following budgets:

Sales Budget – Quarterly

Production Budget – Quarterly

Materials Budget – Quarterly

Labor Budget – Quarterly

Manufacturing Overhead Budget – Quarterly

Administrative and Selling Budget – Quarterly

Income Statement – Annual

List at least five important factors that affect the amount of natural light falling on a work surface inside a building. Using diagrams explain how this works.

3 how do average physical production (APP} and marginal physical product (MPP) differ?can APP be rising while MPP is falling? why?

A construction worker is admitted after falling approximately 15 feet from scaffolding. What diagnostic interventions does the nurse anticipate in the care of this trauma patient?

  Drug A was prescribed for a random sample of 12patients complaining of insomnia. An independent random sample of 16patients with the same complaint received drugB.The number of hours of sleep experienced during the second night after treatment began were as follows:

A: 3.5, 5.7, 3.4, 6.9, 17.8, 3.8, 3.0, 6.4, 6.8, 3.6, 6.9, 5.7

B: 4.5, 11.7, 10.8, 4.5, 6.3, 3.8, 6.2, 6.6, 7.1, 6.4, 4.5, 5.1, 3.2, 4.7, 4.5, 3.0

Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the difference between the population means. Assume that the population variances are equal.

3. Find the rejection region (for the standardized test statistic) for each hypothesis test. Identify the test as left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed.

1. H0:μ=141H0:μ=141 vs. Ha:μ<141Ha:μ<141 @ α=0.20.α=0.20.
2. H0:μ=−54H0:μ=−54 vs. Ha:μ<−54Ha:μ<−54 @ α=0.05.α=0.05.
3. H0:μ=98.6H0:μ=98.6 vs. Ha:μ≠98.6Ha:μ≠98.6 @ α=0.05.α=0.05.
4. H0:μ=3.8H0:μ=3.8 vs. Ha:μ>3.8Ha:μ>3.8 @ α=0.001.

Determine the best way to model the relationship between the radon measurement A and B.

3a) graph with your best model represented on it.

3b) What told you it was the best model?

3c) Show your regression model for predicting radon B.

Financial analysts and investors are very interested in how quickly a company is turning over its inventory as quick turnover yields higher profits. There are events that may have an effect on the inventory turnover ratio. Required: For each of the following two events, indicate and explain whether inventory turnover would increase, decrease or not be affected.

Inventory turnover = sales / average inventory = Cost of goods sold / average inventory

a. Change from Weighted Average Cost method to First-In, First-Out method during an inflationary environment.

b. Cut sales prices in order to increase sale.

Using First-In-First-Out (FIFO) method, Cost of Goods Sold = $4362.5 Ending Inventory = $4137.5

Using Weighted Average Cost method: Cost of Goods Sold =$4370.8 Ending Inventory =$4129.2