6. How did images and popular culture shape Americans' ideas about the Soviet Union and the atomic bomb? Use the films embedded in the learning module. 7. What defense measures did Americans take against a possible nuclear attack in the 1940's and 1950's? 8. What was the Lavender Scare? Why were people targeted in this "scare"? 9. Why did Joseph McCarthy become so popular in America? What led to his downfall? 10. What was life like for those in America who were accused of being a communist?

A claimed trend of thinner Miss America winners has generated charges that the contest encourages unhealthy diet habits among young women. Listed below are body mass indexes (BMI) for recent Miss America winners. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that recent winners are from a population with a mean BMI less than 18.5, which is considered underweight. Assume that the sample has been randomly selected from a population with a normal distribution. 19.5 20.3 19.6 20.2 17.8 17.9 19.1 18.8 17.6 16.8

1 Latin America has more surviving distinct indigenous ethnic groups than any other region of the world. ..

true

false

2 State capitalism is in decline in Latin America today.

True

False

3 Judaism is the only major world religion to make a connection between ethnicity and religion.

True

False

4 For most of the past 100 years Mexico has been ruled by one party, the PRI.

True

False

5 Compadrazgo often links lower class “clients” with upper class “patrons.”

True

False

1. You've recorded the following prices and dividend payments for a stock:

Part 1

What was the arithmetic average monthly return?

Part 2

What was the geometric average return per month?

Part 3

What was the total return over the entire period?

2. Which statements are correct? The geometric average return _____.

Check all that apply:

is better for forecasting returns over many periods

is usually less than the arithmetic mean

takes into account compounding

is the simple average of the individual returns

3. Bank of America quotes a rate of 11.7% with monthly compounding for a consumer loan, while Wells Fargo quotes you 12% with annual compounding.

a. What is the EAR for Bank of America?

b. What is the EAR for Wells Fargo?

c. As a borrower, which loan should you take?

The loan from Bank of America

The loan from Wells Fargo

“In the years between 1815 and 1848, two rival political programs appeared, reflecting rival sets of hopes. Some Americans felt largely satisfied with their society the way it was, slavery and all, especially with the autonomy it provided to so many individual white men and their local communities. They wanted their familiar America extended across space. Other Americans, however, were beguiled by the prospect of improvement to pursue economic diversification and social reform, even at the risk of compromising some precious personal and local independence. They envisioned qualitative, not just quantitative, progress for America.”

Explain this passage from Daniel Walker Howe in a more or less narrative style essay. What are these “rival political programs,” what specifically did they want America to look like, and in what ways did they advocate for their respective visions? Furthermore, what is the difference between “qualitative” and “quantitative” progress and how do they differ? Finally, how does the Civil War, and it's lead up, figure in these conflicting visions?

1.What do you notice about the pattern or trend of required returns for companies in #1 as compared to those of the companies in #2? Why does that occur?

2. Note “company c” in each group. They would generally be considered competitors in the same business, yet one is in the first group and the other in the second. Which type of risk (market, specific) do you think is at work here? Consult the resources for this week carefully – the answer is in there – don’t guess. Explain briefly.

Who are the illegal miners in South Africa? They are often illegal immigrants, largely from Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Lesotho or other central and southern African nations that come to South Africa in search of striking it rich, or at the very least, making a decent living. In South Africa, the illegal miners are often referred to as the Zama Zamas, a term that means “trying your luck”. These immigrants come to South Africa to earn a living with the hopes of remitting earnings back to their families in their respective homelands.Some illegal miners are South Africans who view illegal mining as a dangerous, albeit potentially remunerative activity. Some of the South African illegal miners can be described as “legal miners by day, yet illegal by night.” In other words, they might be gainfully employed by a mining firm and work legitimately for the company during the day shift, but re-enter the mine when evening falls to bolster their income. These individuals are particularly useful to a group of illegal miners given their familiarity with the mine and its risks. It is also quite possible that the South African illegal miners are unemployed mineworkers that were previously laid off by the mining companies when they were forced to retrench as a result of increasing global competitive pressures. Alternatively, illegal mineworkers may simply be young, black South Africans (without any previous mining experience) seeking a living in a nation that has struggled to reach its potential in the post-apartheid era and where one out of four South Africans is unemployed.Regardless of the nationality or the motivations that landed the illegal miners in this role, one thing is certain: it is not an easy life. Illegal miners may break into the very mines they work in by day, or often work in abandoned or disused mine shafts. (Disused mine shafts are mines that legitimate mining companies are in the process of closing down because they are no longer economically viable, but where the firms are awaiting final permits issued by the government to “officially” close the mine. Mining companies complain that all too frequently, the government-issued permit is delayed for months, thus exacerbating the illegal mining problem.) The miners often align themselves with a group of miners united in their illegal search of striking it rich. There is power in numbers. Being part of a group offers protection from rival factions of illegal mine workers, and fosters some level of camaraderie as the freelance miners ‘watch over’ one another. Since illegal miners are typically not employees of any business, nor members of any union and often times, not even citizens of South Africa, it can be said, that if it wasn’t for these informal groups, the miners would have no one else with even an ounce of their interests in mind. The groups generally work for a leader (a “kingpin”) who organizes runners to bring food and drinks to them, while the “miners” stay underground, some times for days – and even months - at a time. Illegal miners often run the risk of falling prey to other serious crimes. Illegal miners’ lives have been threatened - and lost - when they have refused to relinquish the deftly collected gold particles in their possession to thieves. Deaths, however, often go unreported, and as a result, there is no way of knowing how many illegal miners lose their lives each year. Only when there is a more visible event – such as a fire that went out of control in an abandoned mineshaft in 2009, killing 76 people, is a light shed on the plight and the working conditions of these workers.

**Word limit 2000-3000 words**

write a 300-400 summary on this passage:

Illegal Mining

Who are the illegal miners in South Africa? They are often illegal immigrants, largely from Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Lesotho or other central and southern African nations that come to South Africa in search of striking it rich, or at the very least, making a decent living. In South Africa, the illegal miners are often referred to as the Zama Zamas, a term that means “trying your luck”. These immigrants come to South Africa to earn a living with the hopes of remitting earnings back to their families in their respective homelands.

Some illegal miners are South Africans who view illegal mining as a dangerous, albeit potentially remunerative activity. Some of the South African illegal miners can be described as “legal miners by day, yet illegal by night.” In other words, they might be gainfully employed by a mining firm and work legitimately for the company during the day shift, but re-enter the mine when evening falls to bolster their income. These individuals are particularly useful to a group of illegal miners given their familiarity with the mine and its risks. It is also quite possible that the South African illegal miners are unemployed mineworkers that were previously laid off by the mining companies when they were forced to retrench as a result of increasing global competitive pressures. Alternatively, illegal mineworkers may simply be young, black South Africans (without any previous mining experience) seeking a living in a nation that has struggled to reach its potential in the post-apartheid era and where one out of four South Africans is unemployed.

Regardless of the nationality or the motivations that landed the illegal miners in this role, one thing is certain: it is not an easy life. Illegal miners may break into the very mines they work in by day, or often work in abandoned or disused mine shafts. (Disused mine shafts are mines that legitimate mining companies are in the process of closing down because they are no longer economically viable, but where the firms are awaiting final permits issued by the government to “officially” close the mine. Mining companies complain that all too frequently, the government-issued permit is delayed for months, thus exacerbating the illegal mining problem.)

The miners often align themselves with a group of miners united in their illegal search of striking it rich. There is power in numbers. Being part of a group offers protection from rival factions of illegal mine workers, and fosters some level of camaraderie as the freelance miners ‘watch over’ one another. Since illegal miners are typically not employees of any business, nor members of any union and often times, not even citizens of South Africa, it can be said, that if it wasn’t for these informal groups, the miners would have no one else with even an ounce of their interests in mind. The groups generally work for a leader (a “kingpin”) who organizes runners to bring food and drinks to them, while the “miners” stay underground, some times for days – and even months - at a time. Illegal miners often run the risk of falling prey to other serious crimes. Illegal miners’ lives have been threatened - and lost - when they have refused to relinquish the deftly collected gold particles in their possession to thieves. Deaths, however, often go unreported, and as a result, there is no way of knowing how many illegal miners lose their lives each year. Only when there is a more visible event – such as a fire that went out of control in an abandoned mineshaft in 2009, killing 76 people, is a light shed on the plight and the working conditions of these workers.

List and describe the early stages of animal development, beginning with fertilization. Then describe two similarities and two differences between early plant and animal development.