1. What are the institutional foundations in Western countries such as the United States that have fostered and cultivated significantly higher economic growth over the last 200 years in comparison to many other places around the globe? What role do property rights and rule of law play in creating an economic environment generating human betterment?
2. There are a large number of critics of the market economy and its growth-sponsoring institutions. Discuss some of the reasons for these “anti-capitalist” views and explain what you consider to be any strengths and weaknesses in them.
3. Many countries with low or even stagnant economic growth often have high degrees of corruption and suffer from dictatorships or higher controlling governments. Based on the readings, analyze why this is often the case. Why do you think this persists in too many parts of the world?

You are an economic advisor to the Treasurer of the United States. Congress is considering increasing the sales tax on gasoline by $.03 per gallon. Last year motorists purchased 10 million gallons of gas per month. The demand curve is such that every $.01 increase in price decreases sales by 100,000 gallons per month. You also know that for every $.01 increase in price, producers are willing to provide 50,000 more gallons of gasoline to the market. The legislature has stated that the $.03 tax will increase government revenues by $300,000 per month and raise the price of gasoline by $.03 per gallon. Is this correct? Explain and show your work.

True or False: Of the major economies in the world, the United States had the highest growth rate of real GDP per capita between 1982 and 2009.

・True

・False

Japan experienced average annual real GDP per capita growth of 2.0% between 1982 and 2009. Which of the following helped most to contribute to that growth?

・Redistributive policies designed to decrease poverty

・Privatization of previously nationalized industries

・Spending on research and development

1) Criminal Justice in the United States is described as a Constitutional balancing act of ____________________ and________________________.

a) When the Federal Government was established, what were the first two federal law enforcement agencies that establish?

b) What does the constitutional " safety net"' guarantee in the 14th Amendment, do for an individual against the power and resources of the government in a criminal prosecution?

c) The court's authority to make decisions regarding the legality of action by the other 2 branches of the government is through the power of _____________________.

d) Name 2 concepts the Magna Carta gave to the U.S. criminal justice system?

e) What are the two conditions that must be met by a defendant in order to be found " Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity?

In the United States, which type of cancer is responsible for the most cancer deaths in males and females?

A. Pancreas

B. Lung

C. Bladder

D. Breast

2. True or false: Many cancer deaths are preventable.

3. A _______ is an environmental factor, such as radiation, tobacco smoke, or a particular virus, that can trigger cancer.

A. carcinogen

B. tumor

C. gene

D. mutation

4. Which type of tumor is not considered to be cancerous because the tumor’s cells do not destroy nearby tissues or metastasize?

A. Carcinogenic

B.Genetic

C.Malignant

D.Benign

5. True or false: In overweight or obese people, excess insulin, estrogen, and testosterone levels may stimulate the production of cell factors that promote malignant cell development and growth.

The mean systolic blood pressure for people in the United States is reported to be 122 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) with a standard deviation of 22.8 millimeters of mercury. The wellness department of a large corporation is investigating if the mean systolic blood pressure is different from the national mean. A random sample of 200 employees in a company were selected and found to have an average systolic blood pressure of 124.7 mmHg.

a) What is the probability a random employees blood pressure is higher than 135 mmHg.

b) What is the probability that 200 randomly selected employees mean blood pressure is greater than 127 mmHg.

c) The wellness department is providing a new health program to their employees. Past studies have shown 9.9 % of their employees have high blood pressure. Find the probability that if the wellness department examines 200 randomly selected employees, less than 12 employees will have high systolic blood pressure. Do you think the new program significantly lowers the number of employees with a high blood pressure.

At what stage of the industry lifecycle is the new car industry in the United States? Defend your answer with data. What business strategies are appropriate strategies to use at this point in this industry lifecycle? Would your answers differ if you were analyzing the global new car industry (versus the U.S. industry)?

Subject is actually capstone strategic management but yet with operations management too, Thanks in advance to all

In the United States, participation in unions has steadily declined in the private sector but in the public sector, it has increased. In this unit's discussion boards, comment on the reasons for this.

• Is there no longer a need for union representation in companies? Is the decline simply because the needs of the worker have changed? Have basic needs been met and therefore, the things that the union offers are no longer burning issues for many (most) employees in the private sector?

• Why is union representation rising in the public sector (education, government, service jobs)? Are the needs different in these professions? Are the protections offered with a union contract of greater concern with these professions now?

What might get you to consider joining a union if given the choice? What conditions would have to exist and why might you become interested?

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States' federal executive departments. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the regulation and supervision of food safety, tobacco products, prescriptions, and other health-related products. The following are a few examples of the powers the FDA has:

• Most federal laws concerning the FDA are part of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Other significant laws enforced by the FDA include the Public Health Service Act, and parts of the Controlled Substances Act. One job of the FDA is to investigate potential violators of these acts and obtain information that will help the FDA determine whether they were in violation of the laws.

• The FDA also has the power to reach a settlement via a consent order from an administrative law judge with companies that may be in violation of some of the standards the FDA imposes on health. For example, the FDA recently reached a settlement with Bayer regarding a birth control product called Yaz. As a result of the settlement, Bayer is airing ads that clarify information on what the medication Yaz does and doesn't do. The company did not admit any wrongdoing, but agreed to run new ads.

• The U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a final rule containing a broad set of federal requirements designed to significantly curb access to and the appeal of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products to children and adolescents in the United States. Published in March 19, 2010, the new rule became effective June 22, 2010, and has the force and effect of law.

What judicial power does the FDA have in the example? If a settlement is not reached, what other judicial powers might an administrative agency have?