Patent is one of the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) granted to an individual or entity to claim a proposed new invention. Explain how patents can be a support for innovation in a business or business. Explain in detail.

Discuss the role of four business functions at Nike

operations management
marketing
accounting and finance
human resource management

Give at least two innovation examples for each business function at Nike

Review Questions

1- Explain why innovation matters to companies.

2- How can companies manage resistance to change?

3- List and describe the four main change tools and techniques.

1. Online Payment (Apple Pay / Venmo)

a) Define this digital marketing tactic today.

b) Share (what is) the innovation relating to this tactic.

c) How this could be used for marketing in the future?

How do you describe Organizational Culture? Explain how we will manage organizational culture and innovation in the future. Please provide academic references and scholarly insight to support your suggestions.

Q. Discuss factors affecting the adoption of environmentally friendly technological innovation among firms. From your perspective what is the most important factor with realistic examples? (maximum 400 words )

Boxcar #1 has a mass of 2000 kg. Boxcar #2 has a mass of 1200 kg. Boxcar #1 is moving at 12.00 m/s to the right before they hit and stick together. A) Suppose that the velocity of Boxcar #2 before the collision is 8.00 m/s to the right. What is the velocity after the totally inelastic collision? B) Suppose, instead, that the speed after the totally inelastic collision is 3.00 m/s. What was the velocity of Boxcar #2 before the collision? Give all possible answers.

An analyst is trying to value Jason’s Specialties (JS) stock. The analyst has collected data from the company and other sources to prepare the below financials, both actual and projected. Based upon these sources, the analyst expects the company’s free cash flows to grow at 4% on average. The analyst has estimated the company’s cost of capital (WACC) to be 16% and its cost of equity to be 21%. The risk-free rate is 2.3%..

1. Which items listed under Current Assets and Current Liabilities are typically excluded from NOWC? What is JS’s NOWC in years 2019 and 2020?
2. Compute the firm’s FCF (free cash flow) for year 2020.
3. Find the value of the firm using DCF method and price per share assuming that there are 10,000,000 shares issued and outstanding.
4. Find the value of the firm using ECF method and price per share assuming that there are 10,000,000 shares issued and outstanding
5. What is the External Financing Needed for year 2020? Explain your calculation
6. Suppose that the firm's probability of bankruptcy is estimated to be 5% and the economic loss associated with bankruptcy is likely to amount to $55,000,000. What valuation method would allow you to take this into account? Describe briefly how you would implement it (you do not have enough information to actually do the calculations, so no need to try).

Income statement for the fiscal year ending January 1 (Millions of dollars)

Balance sheets for the fiscal year ending January 1 (Millions of dollars)

Problem 2-30 Statement of Cash Flows (LG2-5) Use the balance sheet and income statement below: VALIUM’S MEDICAL SUPPLY CORPORATION Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands of dollars) Assets 2021 2020 Liabilities and Equity 2021 2020 Current assets: Current liabilities: Cash and marketable securities $ 82 $ 81 Accrued wages and taxes $ 66 $ 51 Accounts receivable 195 191 Accounts payable 160 151 Inventory 322 301 Notes payable 141 141 Total $ 599 $ 573 Total $ 367 $ 343 Fixed assets: Long-term debt $ 612 $ 576 Gross plant and equipment $ 1,103 $ 902 Stockholders’ equity: Less: Accumulated depreciation 166 123 Preferred stock (6 thousand shares) $ 6 $ 6 Net plant and equipment $ 937 $ 779 Common stock and paid-in surplus (100 thousand shares) 120 120 Other long-term assets 154 154 Retained earnings 585 461 Total $ 1,091 $ 933 Total $ 711 $ 587 Total assets $ 1,690 $ 1,506 Total liabilities and equity $ 1,690 $ 1,506 VALIUM’S MEDICAL SUPPLY CORPORATION Income Statement for Years Ending December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands of dollars) 2021 2020 Net sales $ 912 $ 822 Less: Cost of goods sold 399 362 Gross profits $ 513 $ 460 Less: Other operating expenses 57 51 Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) $ 456 $ 409 Less: Accumulated depreciation 43 41 Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) $ 413 $ 368 Less: Interest 58 52 Earnings before taxes (EBT) $ 355 $ 316 Less: Taxes 75 66 Net income $ 280 $ 250 Less: Preferred stock dividends $ 6 $ 6 Net income available to common stockholders $ 274 $ 244 Less: Common stock dividends 150 150 Addition to retained earnings $ 124 $ 94 Per (common) share data: Earnings per share (EPS) $ 2.74 $ 2.44 Dividends per share (DPS) $ 1.50 $ 1.50 Book value per share (BVPS) $ 7.05 $ 5.81 Market value (price) per share (MVPS) $ 8.08 $ 6.29 Prepare a statement of cash flows for Valium’s Medical Supply Corporation. (Enter your answers in thousands. Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)

Problem 2-29 Statement of Cash Flows (LG2-5) Use the balance sheet and income statement below: CLANCY’S DOG BISCUIT CORPORATION Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in millions of dollars) Assets 2021 2020 Liabilities and Equity 2021 2020 Current assets: Current liabilities: Cash and marketable securities $ 2 $ 2 Accrued wages and taxes $ 7 $ 4 Accounts receivable 19 15 Accounts payable 14 12 Inventory 22 20 Notes payable 12 10 Total $ 43 $ 37 Total $ 33 $ 26 Fixed assets: Long-term debt $ 25 $ 21 Gross plant and equipment $ 80 $ 60 Stockholders’ equity: Less: Accumulated depreciation 15 10 Preferred stock (2 million shares) $ 2 $ 2 Net plant and equipment $ 65 $ 50 Common stock and paid-in-surplus (5 million shares) 11 11 Other long-term assets 13 13 Retained earnings 50 40 Total $ 78 $ 63 Total $ 63 $ 53 Total assets $ 121 $ 100 Total liabilities and equity $ 121 $ 100 CLANCY’S DOG BISCUIT CORPORATION Income Statement for Years Ending December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in millions of dollars) 2021 2020 Net sales $ 78 $ 82 Less: Cost of goods sold 40 36 Gross profits $ 38 $ 46 Less: Other operating expenses 7 6 Earnings before interest, taxes depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) $ 31 $ 40 Less: Accumulated depreciation 5 5 Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) $ 26 $ 40 Less: Interest 6 6 Earnings before taxes (EBT) $ 20 $ 29 Less: Taxes 4 6 Net income $ 16 $ 23 Less: Preferred stock dividends $ 1 $ 1 Net income available to common stockholders $ 15 $ 22 Less: Common stock dividends 5 5 Addition to retained earnings $ 10 $ 17 Per (common) share data: Earnings per share (EPS) $ 3.00 $ 4.40 Dividends per share (DPS) $ 1.00 $ 1.00 Book value per share (BVPS) $ 12.20 $ 10.20 Market value (price) per share (MVPS) $ 12.85 $ 13.60 Prepare a statement of cash flows for Clancy’s Dog Biscuit Corporation. (Enter your answers in millions of dollars. Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)