(a). Now the population is all senior living facilities in the United States. It is conjectured that the mean number of positive COVID-19 cases per 100 residents is 40, and of interest is to test this conjecture versus the alternative that the mean number of positive COVID-19 cases per 100 residents is different from 40. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses that should be tested.

(b). Consider the information and hypotheses specified in part (a). A simple random sample of 61 senior living facilities in the United States was selected and the mean number of positive COVID-19 cases per 100 residents was recorded for each. The mean number of positive COVID-19 cases per 100 residents in this sample of 61 senior living facilities was 43.2, with a standard deviation of 8.7. If appropriate, use this information to test the hypotheses stated in part (a) at the a = .05 level of significance.

The median incomes of females in each state of the United States, including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, are given in table #2.2.10 ("Median income of," 2013). Create a frequency distribution, relative frequency distribution, and cumulative frequency distribution using 7 classes.

Table #2.2.10: Data of Median Income for Females

A researcher wanted to know the determinants of SAT scores in the United States of America. Using data from 4,137 survey respondents, the following equation was estimated:

????̂=    1,028.10 + 19.30ℎ???? −2.19ℎ????² −45.09?????? −169.81 ????? +62.31??????.?????

Standard Error:    (6.29) (3.83) (0.53) (4.29) (12.71) (18.15)

R²: 0.0858 n = 4,137
where Sat is the combined SAT score, hsize is the size of the student’s high school graduating class, in hundreds, female is a gender dummy variable, and black is a race dummy variable equal to one for blacks and zero otherwise.

(i) Is there strong evidence that hsize2 should be included in the model? From this equation, what is the optimal high school size?

(ii) Holding hsize fixed, what is the estimated difference in SAT score between nonblack females and nonblack males? How statistically significant is this estimated difference?

(iii) What is the estimated difference in SAT score between nonblack males and black males? Test the null hypothesis that there is no difference between their scores,

against the alternative that there is a difference.

(iv) What is the estimated difference in SAT score between black females and nonblack females? What would you need to do to test whether the difference is statistically
significant?

“In United States, there is strong tradition of use of police powers to protect the health of public in all civilized societies and there is also a strong tradition of individual liberty and civil rights. Politics determines the path the government will take in balancing these traditions. Public health is not based on scientific facts alone. It depends on politics to choose the values and ethics that determines how science will be applied to preserve people’s health while protecting their fundamental rights.” Please reflect on this statement by writing a critique essay on, is this a realistic view or pure exaggeration? Express your opinion taking into account current event(Public Health “preparedness for fighting COVID-19 Pandemic?) not less than 3 pages.

In 1968, the average price of a new house in the United States was $25,300. Today, this price is about $350,000. Because today’s average price is about 13.8 times greater than the 1968 price, the price compari-sons that media commentators typically have undertaken would imply that the prices of new houses have increased by that multiple over the past five decades.

By and large, however, media fail to adjust their price comparisons for the effects of changes in the GDP deflator. After using the GDP defla-tor, which currently is based on values of goods and services expressed in 2009, the inflation-adjusted price of a new house in 1968 was $115,000. The current inflation-adjusted price of a new house is about $308,000, which is about 2.7 times greater than the inflation-adjusted price in 1968. Thus, the increase in the price of a new home in the United States during the past 50 years has been substantially smaller than implied by new-home price comparisons undertaken in media reports.

If claims that media commentators prefer to report the largest possible, attention-grabbing changes in numbers are correct, why might they pre-fer to report economic data that have not been adjusted for changes in the price level?

Suppose that you are the chief economic advisor to the president of the United States. You are asked to propose a strategy to bring the economy out of recession. Unemployment is at 13 percent and inflation is relatively low. Your goal is to avoid an increase in inflation and bring the economy to full employment as rapidly as possible. Applying the principles of the Keynesian model, what specific economic policies would you propose to accomplish these goals? What do you believe would be the short- and long-term effects of your policies on both inflation and unemployment rates? Provide justification and examples to support your conclusions.

Suppose that you are the chief economic advisor to the president of the United States. You are asked to propose a strategy to bring the economy out of recession. Unemployment is at 13 percent and inflation is relatively low. Your goal is to avoid an increase in inflation and bring the economy to full employment as rapidly as possible. Applying the principles of the Keynesian model, what specific economic policies would you propose to accomplish these goals? What do you believe would be the short- and long-term effects of your policies on both inflation and unemployment rates? Provide justification and examples to support your conclusions.

The table below shows the number of cars (in millions) sold in the United States for various years and the percent of those cars manufactured by GM. Year Cars Sold (millions) Percent GM Year Cars Sold (millions) Percent GM 1950 6.0 50.2 1985 15.4 40.1 1955 7.8 50.4 1990 13.5 36.0 1960 7.3 44.0 1995 15.5 31.7 1965 10.3 49.9 2000 17.4 28.6 1970 10.1 39.5 2005 16.9 26.9 1975 10.8 43.1 2010 11.6 19.1 1980 11.5 44.0 2015 17.5 17.6 Use a statistical software package to answer the following questions.

A. State the decision rule for 0.01 significance level: H0: ? ? 0; H1: ? < 0. REJECT H0 IF T < ?

B. Compute the value of the test statistic.

Compare vulnerable populations. Describe an example of one of these groups in the United States or from another country. Explain why the population is designated as "vulnerable." Include the number of individuals belonging to this group and the specific challenges or issues involved. Discuss why these populations are unable to advocate for themselves, the ethical issues that must be considered when working with these groups, and how nursing advocacy would be beneficial.

Young children in the United States are exposed to an average of 4 hours of background television per day. Having the television on in the background while children are doing other activities may have adverse consequences on a child’s well-being. You have a research hypothesis that children from low-income families are exposed to more than 4 hours of daily background television. In order to test this hypothesis, you have collected a random sample of 64 children from low-income families and found that these children were exposed to a sample mean of 4.5 hours of daily background television. Based on a previous study, you are willing to assume that the population standard deviation is 1.5 hours. Use a .03 level of significance. Calculate and enter the test statistic value. 1e)Type in here the Excel function to be used along with the inputs to the function to calculate p-value for this problem. Calculate in Excel the p-value for this hypothesis test and type in the value here 1f) State the Rejection Criteria under the p-value approach for this problem 1g) What is your decision on the hypothesis test using p-value approach? State the reasoning for your decision. 1h) Type in here the Excel function to be used along with inputs to the function to calculate the Critical-Value for this problem. Calculate in Excel the Critical-Value for this hypothesis test and type in the value here?