Test the null hypothesis that the mean difference in the number of cases lost on appeal for the two groups of judges is zero against the alternative hypothesis that the untrained judges lose more cases on appeal. Use an alpha level of .01.
|
Judge |
Untrained |
Trained |
|
1 |
3 |
0 |
|
2 |
1 |
3 |
|
3 |
2 |
4 |
|
4 |
7 |
4 |
|
5 |
5 |
2 |
|
6 |
4 |
5 |
|
7 |
6 |
1 |
|
8 |
2 |
1 |
|
9 |
7 |
0 |
|
10 |
5 |
6 |
|
11 |
3 |
4 |
|
12 |
4 |
2 |
|
13 |
5 |
5 |
|
14 |
6 |
3 |
|
15 |
2 |
1 |
|
Paired Samples Correlations |
||||||||||||||
|
N |
Correlation |
Sig. |
||||||||||||
|
Pair 1 |
Untrained Judge & Trained Judge |
15 |
.049 |
.861 |
||||||||||
|
Paired Differences |
t |
df |
Sig. (2-tailed) |
|||||||||||
|
Mean |
Std. Deviation |
Std. Error Mean |
95% Confidence Interval of the Difference |
|||||||||||
|
Lower |
Upper |
|||||||||||||
|
Pair 1 |
Untrained Judge - Trained Judge |
1.40000 |
2.64035 |
.68173 |
-.06218 |
2.86218 |
2.054 |
14 |
.059 |
|||||
In: Statistics and Probability
Perform one correlation between two independent variables, such as Age and Relationship with Coworkers. Perform the second correlation on an independent variable (such as Relationship with Direct Supervisor) and the dependent variable (such as Workplace Happiness Rating.
| Gender | Age | Supervisor | Telecommute | Coworkers | Happiness | Engagement | Overall Rating |
| 1 | 29 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 15 |
| 2 | 32 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 10 | 19 |
| 1 | 39 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 8 |
| 1 | 25 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 13 |
| 1 | 27 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 9 |
| 2 | 33 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 15 |
| 2 | 36 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 7 | 15 |
| 1 | 28 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 8 | 17 |
| 1 | 34 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 16 |
| 2 | 32 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 8 | 14 |
In: Statistics and Probability
A statistical program is recommended.
A study investigated the relationship between audit delay (Delay), the length of time from a company's fiscal year-end to the date of the auditor's report, and variables that describe the client and the auditor. Some of the independent variables that were included in this study follow.
| Industry | A dummy variable coded 1 if the firm was an industrial company or 0 if the firm was a bank, savings and loan, or insurance company. |
|---|---|
| Public | A dummy variable coded 1 if the company was traded on an organized exchange or over the counter; otherwise coded 0. |
| Quality | A measure of overall quality of internal controls, as judged by the auditor, on a five-point scale ranging from "virtually none" (1) to "excellent" (5). |
| Finished | A measure ranging from 1 to 4, as judged by the auditor, where 1 indicates "all work performed subsequent to year-end" and 4 indicates "most work performed prior to year-end." |
A sample of 40 companies provided the following data.
| Delay | Industry | Public | Quality | Finished |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 62 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
| 45 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| 54 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 71 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 91 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 62 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 61 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 |
| 69 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 |
| 80 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 52 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3 |
| 47 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 |
| 65 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 60 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 81 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 73 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 89 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| 71 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 4 |
| 76 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 68 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 68 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 2 |
| 86 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 76 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
| 67 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 57 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 |
| 55 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 |
| 54 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 2 |
| 69 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 82 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 |
| 94 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 74 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 |
| 75 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 |
| 69 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 71 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 79 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 2 |
| 80 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 91 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 1 |
| 92 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 46 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 |
| 72 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 2 |
| 85 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 |
(a) Develop the estimated regression equation using all of the independent variables. Use x1 for Industry, x2 for Public, x3 for Quality, and x4 for Finished. (Round your numerical values to two decimal places.)
ŷ =
(b) Did the estimated regression equation developed in part (a) provide a good fit? Explain. (Use α = 0.05. For purposes of this exercise, consider an adjusted coefficient of determination value high if it is at least 50%.)
No, testing for significance shows that all independent variables except Public are not significant.
Yes, testing for significance shows that the overall model is significant and all the individual independent variables are significant.
Yes, the low p-value and high value of the adjusted coefficient of determination indicate a good fit.
No, the low value of the adjusted coefficient of determination does not indicate a good fit.
(c) Develop a scatter diagram showing Delay as a function of Finished.
What does this scatter diagram indicate about the relationship between Delay and Finished?
The scatter diagram suggests a linear relationship between these two variables.
The scatter diagram suggests no relationship between these two variables.
The scatter diagram suggests a curvilinear relationship between these two variables.
(d) On the basis of your observations about the relationship between Delay and Finished, use best-subsets regression to develop an alternative estimated regression equation to the one developed in (a) to explain as much of the variability in Delay as possible. Use x1 for Industry, x2 for Public, x3 for Quality, and x4 for Finished. (Round your numerical values to two decimal places.)
ŷ =
In: Statistics and Probability
Python 3 Program
Program 4 should first tell users that this is a word analysis software. For any user-given text file, the program will read, analyze, and write each word with the line numbers where the word is found in an output file. A word may appear in multiple lines. A word shows more than once at a line, the line number will be only recorded one time.
Ask a user to enter the name of a text file. Using try/except for invalid user input. Then the program reads the contents of the text file and create a dictionary in which the key-value pairs are described as follows:
Key. The key are the individual words found in the file.
Value. Each value is a list that contains the line numbers in the file where the word (the key) is found. Be aware that a list may have only one element.
Once the dictionary has been built, the program should create another text file for otuput, named “words_index.txt”. Next, write the contents of the dictionary to the file as an alphabetical listing of the words that are stored as keys in the dictionary (sorting the keys), along with the line numbers where the words appear in the original file. Please see the sample file for your reference.
Looking to seeing everyone to submit a well-done program! Here are some tips:
Documents/Comments of your program (Never more)
Testing your program by the given two files, Kennedy.txt . The output file of the Kennedy_index.txt, Kennedy_index_B.txt, Kennedy_index_C.txt, for input file “kennedy.txt”
Remember the output file name of your program is words_index.txt.
For this program, not running one (syntax error) will receive NO point.
Example of original text- Kennedy.txt
We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom symbolizing an end as well as a beginning signifying renewal as well as change
New text example - Kennedy_index.txt
Text File to be analyzed: Kennedy.txt We: 1 a: 1, 2, 4 an: 3 as: 4, 5, 6 beginning: 4 but: 2 celebration: 2 change: 6 end: 3 freedom: 3 not: 1 observe: 1 of: 2, 3 party: 2 renewal: 5 signifying: 5 symbolizing: 3 today: 1 victory: 1 well: 4, 5
example- Kenndy_index_B.txt
Text File to be analyzed: kennedy.txt
We : 1
a : 1, 2, 4
an : 3
as : 4, 5, 6
beginning : 4
but : 2
celebration : 2
change : 6
end : 3
freedom : 3
not : 1
observe : 1
of : 2, 3
party : 2
renewal : 5
signifying : 5
symbolizing : 3
today : 1
victory : 1
well : 4, 5
example- Kenndy_index_C.txt
Text File to be analyzed: kennedy.txt We : 1 a : 1, 2, 4 an : 3 as : 4, 5, 6 beginning : 4 but : 2 celebration : 2 change : 6 end : 3 freedom : 3 not : 1 observe : 1 of : 2, 3 party : 2 renewal : 5 signifying : 5 symbolizing : 3 today : 1 victory : 1 well : 4, 5
In: Computer Science
ABC, Inc. is undergoing scrutiny for a possible wage discrimination suit. The following data is available: SALARY(monthly salary for each employee $), YEARS (years with the company), POSITION (position with company coded as: 1 = manual labor 2 = secretary 3 = lab technician 4 = chemist 5 = management EDUCAT (amount of education completed coded as: 1 = high school degree 2 = some college 3 = college degree 4 = graduate degree), GENDER (employee gender).
| SALARY | YEARS | POSITION | EDUCAT | GENDER |
| 1720 | 6 | 3 | 2 | female |
| 2400 | 4.9 | 1 | 1 | male |
| 1600 | 4.2 | 2 | 2 | female |
| 2900 | 3.7 | 4 | 3 | female |
| 1200 | 1.6 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 1000 | 0.3 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 2900 | 1 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 2400 | 1.8 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 1900 | 6.8 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 2200 | 1.2 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 1000 | 0.3 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 900 | 0.2 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 1250 | 0.6 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 950 | 0.5 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 2000 | 0.7 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 2000 | 1.9 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 1900 | 1.6 | 1 | 1 | male |
| 1000 | 1.4 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 1000 | 1.4 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 2800 | 3.4 | 4 | 3 | female |
| 2900 | 3.5 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 1550 | 3.1 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 1550 | 3 | 2 | 1 | female |
| 2200 | 2.5 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 1650 | 2.2 | 1 | 1 | male |
| 2200 | 2 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 900 | 0.5 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 1000 | 0.5 | 3 | 2 | female |
| 1220 | 2 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 2100 | 0.5 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 900 | 0.5 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 900 | 0.2 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 2000 | 0.5 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 2330 | 0.6 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 2400 | 0.3 | 4 | 3 | male |
| 900 | 1 | 1 | 1 | male |
| 1069 | 0.5 | 3 | 1 | female |
| 1400 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | male |
| 1650 | 1 | 1 | 1 | male |
| 1200 | 0.3 | 1 | 1 | male |
| 3500 | 13.5 | 5 | 4 | male |
| 1750 | 11 | 5 | 3 | female |
| 4000 | 6.4 | 5 | 3 | male |
| 1800 | 7.2 | 2 | 1 | female |
| 4000 | 6.1 | 5 | 3 | male |
| 4600 | 5.8 | 5 | 4 | male |
| 1350 | 5.1 | 4 | 3 | male |
In: Statistics and Probability
Which of the following statements are true?
(1) Risk-averse investors require a premium over the risk-free rate for holding a risky asset.
(2) Risk-loving investors prefer risk-free investments
(3) Risk-neutral investors will accept a fair game
(4) Risk-averse investors always prefer bonds over stocks.
1, 2, 3, and 4
2 and 4
1 and 3
1 and 2
In: Finance
Sex (1 = Males, 2 = Females); Size_car (1 = Small, 2 = Medium, 3 = Large).
Data
ID AGE SEX SIZE_CAR
1 18 1 2
2 28 1 2
3 44 1 3
4 20 2 2
5 39 2 2
6 53 2 3
7 28 1 1
8 18 1 1
9 24 2 1
10 21 1 2
11 35 1 3
12 38 1 3
13 22 1 1
14 29 1 2
15 63 1 3
16 22 1 3
17 45 2 2
18 36 2 2
19 16 1 1
20 56 1 3
21 20 2 1
22 23 1 2
23 58 1 1
24 32 1 3
25 25 2 2
26 28 1 2
27 21 1 1
28 51 2 3
29 26 2 1
30 45 1 2
Problem 1.
In: Statistics and Probability
Let A = 0 2 0
1 0 2
0 1 0 .
(a) Find the eigenvalues of A and bases of the corresponding eigenspaces.
(b) Which of the eigenspaces is a line through the origin? Write down two vectors parallel to this line.
(c) Find a plane W ⊂ R 3 such that for any w ∈ W one has Aw ∈ W , or explain why such a plain does not exist.
(d) Write down explicitly a diagonalizing matrix S, and a diagonal matrix Λ such that S −1AS = Λ; A = SΛS −1 . or explain why A is not diagonalizable.
In: Advanced Math
2. Let f(x) ≥ 0 on [1, 2] and suppose that f is integrable on [1, 2] with R 2 1 f(x)dx = 2 3 . Prove that f(x 2 ) is integrable on [1, √ 2] and √ 2 6 ≤ Z √ 2 1 f(x 2 )dx ≤ 1 3 .
In: Advanced Math
p ¯ 1 = 0.86, n 1 = 392, p ¯ 2 = 0.97, n 2 = 289.Construct the 90% confidence interval for the difference between the population proportions.
In: Statistics and Probability