find the ph of each mixture of acids

0.020m HNO3 and 0.225 Mbr

0.095m in acetic acid and 0.075.m in H2SO4
0.0500 M in HCL04 and 0.02 M HBR

4. Give an overview of how fatty acids are synthesised in vivo and explain how the process
is affected in diabetes. Precise details of the pathway are not required.
(10 marks – 300 words)

when compounds are nitrated, typicallya mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids are required. howerever, when phenol undergoes nitration only dilute nitric acid is required. why is this?

1. The first gene was mapped/assigned to a specific chromosome by the laboratory of:

a.   Mendel.

b.   Thomas Morgan.

c.   Emil Krebs.

d.   Walther Flemming.

e.   Alfred Sturtevant.

2. G proteins are:
   1. examples of second messengers.
   2. found in Kreb’s cycle.
   3. parts of the photosystems in green plants.
   4. essential components of DNA replication systems.
   5. common components of signal transduction pathways.

3. A human male (has a Y chromosome) is surprisingly found to also possess a Barr body in each of his cells. This individual very likely suffers from:

1. Duchene Muscular Dystrophy.
2. Klinefelter syndrome.
3. Down syndrome.
4. Turner syndrome.
5. Huntington diseas

4. During which phase of meiosis do the centromeres uncouple and sister chromatids migrate to opposite poles of the cell?

1. anaphase I
2. prophase II
3. metaphase II
4. anaphase II
5. metaphase I

5. Which of the following are commonly associated with the “shut down” components of a signal transduction pathway:
   1. protein kinases.
   2. protein phosphatases.
   3. cAMP.
   4. Gated ion channels.
   5. caspases.

6. The enzyme that connects the short DNA fragments of the discontinuous strand at a replication form in an E. coli cell is:

1. DNA polymerase I.
2. DNA polymerase III.
3. gyrase.
4. primase.
5. DNA ligas

how many HIS 3 and URA 3 enzymes are needed when we add 10 mM 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3 AT) to the growth medium as a competitive inhibitor of HIS3?

11. A researcher is interested in isolating an auxotrophic mutant in the laboratory that is unable to synthesize the amino acid histadine. Explain how this researcher would have to use negative selection to isolate and identify a histadine mutant.
    

2. Describe the structure of a typical amino acid and explain how they chemically combine to make a protein

3. Describe the process of catabolic repression by glucose concentration, as seen in the lac operon control.

During elongation of translation, each new amino acid is added to the growing chain by this chemical bond. (multiple choice)

a. hydrogen

b. peptide

c. phosphodiester

d. covalent

e. ionic

11. A researcher is interested in isolating an auxotrophic mutant in the laboratory that is unable to synthesize the amino acid histadine. Explain how this researcher would have to use negative selection to isolate and identify a histadine mutant.
    

is the pka of a histidine side chain always the same as that of the free amino acid? Why?

how do titration curves differ between non ionizable and ionizable r groups? why?

Biochemistry