2. (LESSEE ENTRIES FOR AN OPERATING LEASE).

Assume that Ace Leasing Company and King Company, a lessee, agreed to the lease shown below instead on the one shown in problem 1.

Commencement of Lease Date January 1, 2020

Annual lease payment due at the beginning of the year beginning with January 1, 2020 $137,171

Lease term 6 years

Economic life of leased equipment 10 years

Fair Value of asset at January 1, 2020 $950,000

Lessor’s Implicit Rate 12% Lessee’s incremental borrowing rate 12%

The asset will revert to the lessor at the end of the lease term. The lessee uses straight-line amortization for all leased equipment.

A. Is this an operating or financing lease to the Lessee? Explain.

B. Compute the Lease Liability to be recorded by the Lessee at inception of the lease and compute the ROU Asset to be recorded by the Lessee at inception. Based on those complete the two Lessee entries 1/1/2020.

C. Compute the yearly Lease Expense on King Company financial statements.

D. Compute the Interest Expense for the first two years.

E. Compute the ROU Asset Amortization for the first two years.

F. Prepare the remaining entries for December 31, 2020 (the end of the first year).

Condensed financial data of Concord Company for 2020 and 2019 are presented below.

ONCORD COMPANY
INCOME STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020

Sales revenue

$6,860

Cost of goods sold

4,710

Gross margin

2,150

Selling and administrative expenses

920

Income from operations

1,230

Other revenues and gains

   Gain on sale of investments

80

Income before tax

1,310

Income tax expense

530

Net income

780

Cash dividends

260

Income retained in business

$520

Additional information:

During the year, $70 of common stock was issued in exchange for plant assets. No plant assets were sold in 2020.

Prepare a statement of cash flows using the direct method.

Enron Corporation was an American energy, commodities, and Services Company based in Houston, Texas. It was founded in 1985, Kenneth Lay was the founder of the company, first founded in Omaha Nebraska and then it moved to Houston Texas .Before its bankruptcy on December 2, 2001, Enron employed approximately 20,000 staff and was one of the world's major electricity, natural gas, communications and pulp and paper companies, with claimed revenues of nearly $101 billion during 2000.

Enron’s line of business:

Enron was originally involved in transmitting and distributing electricity and natural gas throughout the United States. The company developed, built and operated power plants and pipeline. Enron owned large network of natural gas pipeline, which stretched ocean to ocean and border to border. Enron traded in more than 30 different products, including the following: Petrochemicals, Plastics, Power, Pulp and paper, Steel, Weather Risk Management, Oil and LNG transportation, Broadband, Principal Investments, Risk management for commodities, Shipping / freight, Water and wastewater. It was also an extensive futures trader, including sugar, coffee, grains, hogs, and other meat futures.

Review of Enron’s Rise and fall:

Throughout the late 1990s, Enron was considered one of the most innovative companies in the world. The company continued to build power plants and operate gas lines, but it became better known for its unique trading businesses. Besides buying and selling gas and electricity. it created whole new markets for such oddball "commodities" as broadcast time for advertisers, weather futures, and Internet bandwidth. Before it bankrupted in late 2001, its annual revenues rose from about $9 billion in 1995 to over $100 billion in 2000.

At the end of 2001 it was revealed that its reported financial condition was sustained substantially by institutionalized, systematic, and creatively planned accounting fraud. The Enron scandal was the biggest bankruptcy in United States history which cost 4,000 employees their jobs. On December 2, 2001 Enron filed for bankruptcy. It was an event that will always be remembered as one of the most disastrous events in the financial world.

The reasons for collapse of Enron company:

There are some reasons that lead to the collapse of Enron:

•Cheating and manipulation by the board of directors to achieve their personal interests at the expense of the interest of the company.

•That the board of director has delegated the task of reviewing the company’s transactions to a sub-committee within the company. The committee has only conducted a quick review of these transactions. The board of directors has concealed very important information whose knowledge may have led to some appropriate action.

•The company’s management inflated the company’s profit to about $ 1 billion by raising the profit by 586 million and hiding debit of $ 2.6 billion in the year before the company’s collapse.

•The loss of the members of the audit committee is independent and neutral because of the enormous they charge from the administration and may reach up to $380000 per year per member.

With the fall of Enron, the financial auditor ARTHER ANDERSON fell for his role in this process, culminating in the company’s disposal of most of the city document. But Enron’s scandal has prompted the US government to amend a number of market laws, most notably issuing legislation allowing employee to sell their shares three years after they own them, and more importantly, the Sarbanes-Oxley act, which explicitly tightens penalties for such crimes. The CEO and CFO are fully responsible for any manipulation of the financial statement. In September 2008, Enron shareholders won the lawsuit against the company and received $7.2 billion damages, the biggest settlement in the history of fraud involving listed company.

Questions:

a.Explain how the dramatic collapse of Enron has severely shaken the U.S. Capital markets in

2001.                                                                                                                                                

b.Suggest the measures that could be taken to restore the credibility of the accounting profession and investor confidence in the financial reporting process.                

Question 2

Describe the Financial Reporting practices followed in Oman quoting some practical instances. Also highlight the principles that govern the financial practices in Oman and the Organizations that form regulatory frame work in Oman.                                              

Murphy’s Brewhouse was a rapidly expanding chain of home-brew bars. The beer was not very good, but hopes were high when the company went public three years ago, because of founder/owner Kevin Murphy’s promotional skills.

At the time the company went public, Murphy’s also issued $50 million of 20-year maturity debentures at a coupon rate of 9 percent. These debentures were sold at par ($1,000 per bond). Shortly after this debenture issue, Murphy’s received some very negative reviews, both in the gourmet beer magazines and on Wall Street. The company is currently struggling. Its stock has plummeted from $40 per share three years ago to less than $5. Earnings remain positive but disappointing at $0.03 per share, and the company is barely breaking even on a cash flow basis.

Murphy’s debentures are currently selling at 40 cents on the dollar. The debentures are callable two years from now at $1,090. If you require a 20 percent rate of return on investments of this perceived risk level, should you buy these debentures?

Suppose you are a member of company X's board of directors and chairperson of the company's compensation committee. What factors should your committee consider when setting the CEO's compensation? Should the compensation consists of a dollar salary, stock options that depend on the firm's performance, or a mix of the two? If "performance" is to be considered, how should it be measured? Think of both theoretical and practical (i.e., measurment) considerations. If you were also a vice president of Company X, might your actions be different than if you were the CEO of some other company?

On January 1, 2020, ABC Company borrowed $200,000 from the bank. The loan is
a 10-year note payable that requires semi-annual payments of $24,000 every
June 30 and December 31, beginning June 30, 2020. Assume the loan has a 20%
interest rate, compounded semi-annually.

Calculate the amount of the note payable at December 31, 2020 that would be
classified as a long-term liability.

Hansen Computer Corp. acquires $2,150,000 in new 7-year class assets (all tangible personal property) in February 2020. The company elects to take all available Sec. 179 expense and bonus first-year depreciation. Assume Hansen uses a calendar year and that Sec. 179 expense will not be limited by taxable income in 2020. What cost recovery deduction can Hansen take in 2020?

On July 1, 2020, Sandhill Company purchased $3,860,000 of Duggen Company’s 8% bonds, due on July 1, 2027. The bonds, which pay interest semiannually on January 1 and July 1, were purchased for $3,340,000 to yield 10%. These bonds are classified as available-for sale and they have a fair value at December 31, 2020, of $3,444,400, prepare the journal entry (if any) at December 31, 2020, to record this transaction.

Hansen Computer Corp. acquires $2,150,000 in new 7-year class assets (all tangible personal property) in February 2020. The company elects to take all available Sec. 179 expense and bonus first-year depreciation. Assume Hansen uses a calendar year and that Sec. 179 expense will not be limited by taxable income in 2020. What cost recovery deduction can Hansen take in 2020?