wk 4 cs

What is your opinion or thoughts on this question below? I need a 4500-word summary including an introduction, body, sub-title, conclusion and 2-3 references. please, thank you.

The new president of Toyota, Akio Toyoda (grandson of the founder), has said, “Everyone says Toyota is the best company in the world, but the consumer doesn’t care about the world. They care if we are the best in town.” What do you think he means by that? Answer: Toyoda understands his customers.

On August 7th, 2018, Elon Musk claimed on Twitter that he had secured funding to take Tesla private. On that day, Tesla stock price jumped up from $342 to $380 per share. Why did the financial market react positively to that news? What happened to the short sellers of Tesla stocks during that time? Recall that Musk is the founder of Tesla and was involved with the corporation’s day-to-day operations.

On July 1, 2020, Dynamic Company purchased for cash 40% of the outstanding capital stock of Cart Company. Both Dynamic and Cart have a December 31 year-end. Cart, whose common stock is actively traded in the over-the-counter market, reported its total net income for the year to Dynamic and also paid cash dividends on November 15, 2020, to Dynamic and its other stockholders.

Required:

a. How should Dynamic report the foregoing facts in its December 31, 2020, balance sheet and its income statement for the year then ended? Discuss the rationale for your answer.

b. If Dynamic should elect to report its investment at fair value, how would its balance sheet and income statement differ from your answer to part (a)?

M. Anthony, LLP, produces music in a studio in London. The cost of producing one typical song follows. Average Cost per Song: Labor, including musicians and technicians $ 17,200 Variable overhead, including clerical support 3,200 Fixed overhead 21,200 Marketing and administrative costs (all fixed) 28,080 Total cost per song $ 69,680 The fixed costs allocated to each song are based on the assumption that the studio produces 60 songs per month. Required: Treat each question independently. Unless stated otherwise, M. Anthony charges $82,000 per song produced. a. How many songs must the firm produce per month to break even? b. Market research estimates that a price increase to $92,000 per song would decrease monthly volume to 52 songs. The accounting department estimates that fixed costs would remain unchanged in total, and variable costs per song would remain unchanged if the volume were to drop to 52 songs per month. How would a price increase affect profits? c. Assume that M. Anthony's studio is operating at its normal volume of 60 songs per month. It has received a special request from a university to produce 30 songs that will make up a two-CD set. M. Anthony must produce the music next month or the university will take its business elsewhere. M. Anthony would have to give up normal production of 10 songs because it has the capacity to produce only 80 songs per month. Because of the need to produce songs on a timely basis, M. Anthony could not make up the production of those songs in another month. Because the university would provide its own musicians, the total variable cost (labor plus overhead) would be cut to $15,200 per song on the special order for the university. The university wants a discounted price; it is prepared to pay only $42,000 per song and believes a fee reduction is in order. Total fixed costs will be the same whether or not M. Anthony accepts the special order. Should M. Anthony accept the special order? d. Refer to the situation presented in requirement (c). Instead of offering to pay $42,000 per song, suppose the university comes to M. Anthony with the following proposition. The university official says, "We want you to produce these 30 songs for us. We do not want you to be worse off financially because you have produced these songs. On the other hand, we want the lowest price we can get." What is the lowest price that M. Anthony could charge and be no worse off for taking this order?

M. Anthony, LLP, produces music in a studio in London. The cost of producing one typical song follows. Average Cost per Song: Labor, including musicians and technicians $ 17,200 Variable overhead, including clerical support 3,200 Fixed overhead 21,200 Marketing and administrative costs (all fixed) 28,080 Total cost per song $ 69,680 The fixed costs allocated to each song are based on the assumption that the studio produces 60 songs per month. Required: Treat each question independently. Unless stated otherwise, M. Anthony charges $82,000 per song produced. a. How many songs must the firm produce per month to break even? b. Market research estimates that a price increase to $92,000 per song would decrease monthly volume to 52 songs. The accounting department estimates that fixed costs would remain unchanged in total, and variable costs per song would remain unchanged if the volume were to drop to 52 songs per month. How would a price increase affect profits? c. Assume that M. Anthony's studio is operating at its normal volume of 60 songs per month. It has received a special request from a university to produce 30 songs that will make up a two-CD set. M. Anthony must produce the music next month or the university will take its business elsewhere. M. Anthony would have to give up normal production of 10 songs because it has the capacity to produce only 80 songs per month. Because of the need to produce songs on a timely basis, M. Anthony could not make up the production of those songs in another month. Because the university would provide its own musicians, the total variable cost (labor plus overhead) would be cut to $15,200 per song on the special order for the university. The university wants a discounted price; it is prepared to pay only $42,000 per song and believes a fee reduction is in order. Total fixed costs will be the same whether or not M. Anthony accepts the special order. Should M. Anthony accept the special order? d. Refer to the situation presented in requirement (c). Instead of offering to pay $42,000 per song, suppose the university comes to M. Anthony with the following proposition. The university official says, "We want you to produce these 30 songs for us. We do not want you to be worse off financially because you have produced these songs. On the other hand, we want the lowest price we can get." What is the lowest price that M. Anthony could charge and be no worse off for taking this order?

Soul Ltd is an Australian company that makes and sells small electronic goods and its financial year ends on 30 June. On 1 February 2018, a customer from the United States ordered some goods from Soul Ltd at an invoice cost of US$400,000 on terms FOB destination. On 30 April 2018, the goods were delivered to the customer. The agreed payment arrangements are that 30% of the total amount owing would be paid on delivery, 20% three months after delivery, and the remaining 50% four months after delivery. The end of the reporting period for Soul Ltd is 30 June. The following exchange rates are applicable.

Required:

In accordance with AASB 121, prepare the relevant journal entries of Soul Ltd to account for the above transactions.

At the beginning of 2018, Whispering Winds Company acquired equipment costing $83,600. It was estimated that this equipment would have a useful life of 6 years and a salvage value of $8,360 at that time. The straight-line method of depreciation was considered the most appropriate to use with this type of equipment. Depreciation is to be recorded at the end of each year.

During 2020 (the third year of the equipment’s life), the company’s engineers reconsidered their expectations, and estimated that the equipment’s useful life would probably be 7 years (in total) instead of 6 years. The estimated salvage value was not changed at that time. However, during 2023 the estimated salvage value was reduced to $5,000.

Indicate how much depreciation expense should be recorded each year for this equipment, by completing the following table.

At December 31, 2020, the investments in the portfolio of the trading securities of Mac Company included the following:

Atlanta Corp. bonds, 5%, $100,000 face value, purchased on Oct. 1, 2020 at par

Dallas Inc. bonds, 4%, $50,000 face value, purchased on July 1, 2020 at par

Required:

1. Record the receipt of quarterly interest from the Atlanta Corp. bonds on December 31, 2020.
2. Record the receipt of semiannual interest from the Dallas Inc. bonds on December 31, 2020.
3. Record the entry to adjust the bonds to fair value on December 31, 2020. The fair value of the Atlanta Corp. bonds and the Dallas In bonds on December 31, 2020, were $110,000 and $45,000 respectively.
4. Record the entry to sell the Atlanta Corporation bonds on January 2, 2021, for $112,500.
5. Record the entry to sell the Dallas Inc. bonds on January 3, 2021 for $44,500.
6. Adjust the Fair Value Adjustment account on December 31, 2021 to reflect that no trading securities are owned (if necessary).

7. Assume INSTEAD that the above bonds are held as available-for-sale investments. if we assume the bonds are AFS Securities, not Trading Securities. if the accounting for the transaction should change, write the complete corrected journal entry.

It is 2020. The US government has passed a new federal minimum wage of $11.00/ hour. It will go into effect on January 1, 2021. Please follow the instructions, given the background information in items A, B, C, and D below.

Instructions

1. Calculate the immediate financial impact in 2021 (change in hourly wages) on the profitability of the company due to the impending increase in the minimum wage. Ignore tax issues such as employment tax in your calculation.

2. Identify at least three (3) courses of action (options) for the owner of this company that will offset the increase in labor costs from #1 above. Explain why you think these options are viable options for the small company. Your course of action must quickly offset the effect of the increase in wages and the decrease in profitability of the company due to the minimum wage increase.

3. Lastly, recommend the one course of action from among your list of three courses of action that you think is the best option for the small business owner and his or her company. Justify your response.

Background Information

A- The company has 19 employees, which includes two assistant managers. The owner is the only shareholder of the company.

B. 6 employees earn $8.00/ hour which is slightly above the current federal minimum wage, but $3/ per hour below the new federal minimum wage.

C. The other employees earn the following:

ii. 6 earn $13/ hour

iii. 3 earn $18/ hour

iv. 2 earn $22/ hour

v. The 2 managers each earn $50,000 per year

See Table 1 on the next page.

D. The company earned a profit last year of $100,000 based on sales of $1,500,000 that was passed through to the owner as the owner’s only source of income.   This year sales are on track to be approximately $1,500,000 again due to industry conditions. The owner’s family just bought a new house for their growing family and has a mortgage of $141,000 with monthly payments of $1,008 per month.

E. The owner’s spouse does not work and the family cannot justify the spouse getting a job of any kind because the wages from a new job would not cover the weekly cost of day care and after school care for the family’s three young children, ages 2, 5, and 7.

Table 1. Summary of Current Costs of Payroll

Risk Assessment- Exercise #2 Social Konnections Inc. (SKI or the “Company”) is a global Internet company that runs Social Konnections, a large social media networking Web site. SKI has experienced steep growth since its launch in 2005, and the Company went public in 2007. SKI currently has over 500 million active users who visit the site to connect with others, express themselves, and play games. Last year, substantially all of SKI’s revenue came from advertisers who market their products and services to SKI’s active users through advertisements placed on the Web site or its various mobile platforms. The founder of the company serves as the CEO and is also on the chairman of the board of directors. The CFO is also one of the co-founders of the company. Both have been serving in these roles since 2005. In Q1 of the current fiscal year, SKI acquired Corporate Collaborations (CC), an entity that manages private and public social media networks for corporations. CC’s customers are primarily national and global companies whose employees connect over its platform. In addition to hosting private social media networks for corporations, CC provides services to develop the networks it manages. CC’s revenues are earned through the performance of multiyear revenue contracts with its customers. In the current year, CC is expected to produce approximately 20 percent of SKI’s consolidated revenue. SKI’s investors are focused on the growth prospects of the Company’s legacy open social media platform operations and its new corporate revenue unit. The Company’s MD&A disclosures include (1) various user and revenue metrics to help financial statement users assess its traditional operations and (2) backlog information to help users assess CC’s operations. Advertising Revenue SKI creates advertising space on its Web site and mobile applications and sells the space to advertisers either directly, or through advertising agencies. According to Mr. Cook, the amount an advertiser pays is dependent on the number of views the ad receives or the number of user clicks (depending on the type of advertisement defined in the underlying contract) and the revenue is recorded in the period in which the views or clicks are made. Ms. Drew has learned that simple advertising can be purchased directly from SKI through SKI’s advertising Web site at standard rates, with the advertisements and terms input directly into the Company’s ad delivery platform. However, most advertising revenue is generated directly through the advertising sales team, which has the ability to help advertisers develop more sophisticated advertising campaigns. Management has established minimum pricing and volume thresholds for these advertisements; however, the sales staff is given significant latitude in securing contracts with customers. Extra commissions are paid to sales individuals who sign longer-term contracts that meet minimum revenue targets. Once a contract is signed, the ad development department creates the ad content and obtains the customer’s approval. The approved ad and the contract are electronically sent to the ad scheduling department, and the advertisement is uploaded into the Company’s ad delivery platform. The ad delivery platform is a robust system and is designed to capture all the nuances associated with the contract. For example, an advertiser may wish to have its ads displayed only to users whose IP addresses are from a specific geographic location, or the contract may be structured to provide the advertiser with variable pricing or incentives (such as a set of free advertisements) once a certain level has been paid for. In summary, the delivery platform captures all the relevant pricing information associated with the contract to allow for real-time revenue recognition according to the terms of the contract. After the contract is entered into the system, a summary of the contract setup is provided to the sales manager that worked with the customer. The sales manager then reviews the contract setup for accuracy. The Company’s ad delivery platform automatically tracks the advertising activity each day and reports the activity to its customers, who are then billed weekly for the aggregate ad activity. Ms. Drew’s Concern Ms. Drew is concerned about several things she has learned regarding the appropriateness of management’s revenue recognition policies. Financial Statements Balance Sheet: Account Prior year (1 year ago)** Two years ago Assets* $100m $80m Liabilities $40m $30m Equity $60m $50m Revenue $30m $18 Expenses $22m $19 Net Income $8m ($1m) loss *Assets consist primarily of cash, land/building, patents, goodwill, and other assets. ** As you plan your audit this is the latest financial information available. Controls The Company’s has various controls in place. The CFO performs a checklist on a monthly basis to review the performance of the company. The CFO reports to the CEO every quarter. The CEO reports to the chairman of the board of directors once a year before the financial statements are prepared and released to the public. The company has over 10 thousand employees around the world, of which 4 thousand work at the headquarters. All employees receive the company’s code of ethics that was prepared in 2005 when the company was founded. The CEO was in recent trouble when he posted controversial messages on the social platform that offended people of a certain group. The company has One hundred different controls across the company and across the world related to operations of the company and revenue. The company uses 10 different IT systems as the company is growing quickly it has had to adopt and adds new systems whenever they are needed. The leaders of one of the main divisions recently left to go work for Facebook, and has not been replaced for the last 4 months. Controls have changed a lot since last year because the company is so dynamic and the environment is so fast paced. Employees are always trying to keep up with the new systems and new controls. Audit Because of SKI’s continued growth, the audit committee has requested that the Company choose a new audit firm with experience in auditing public technology companies. Kristine Drew, a senior auditor, is the in-charge accountant on the proposal and planning of the SKI audit. In addition to her supervisory and administrative responsibilities, Ms. Drew is responsible for auditing revenue and determining the risk assessment for the audit. Ms. Drew has read the Company’s disclosed accounting policies and is interviewing the revenue controller, Bill Cook, and various sales personnel to develop in-depth process flow documentation that will serve as the basis for the team’s risk assessment. Required: 1. What would you set Audit risk, Control Risk, Inherent Risk, and Detection risk? (Very low, low, medium, or high) 2. Are there are significant or fraud risks that you have identified? (If any why are they fraud or significant risks?) 3. What other information do you need to plan your audit approach? Where would you get this information from? For each piece of information indicate where you might receive it from and how? (ex: who else is on the board of directors- obtained through inquiry.) 4. What benchmark would you use to calculate materiality? Why? (ex: revenue, EBITDA, Equity, Assets, etc) 5. Using the benchmark and guidance in the book calculate “overall materiality” for your audit? (ex: 8% of Equity ($60m)= $2.4m). 6. For Revenue what assertions are the most important for you to test? 7. For Revenue what are your concerns with each of those assertions based on the information above? 8. What are the things about testing revenue that you are concerned about (specifically what parts of the company’s process if any concern you)? (Example: An employee could steal money from the bank account, or revenue could be modified in the accounting software by an employee.) (Focus on the actual real process for the company described above to make this determination.) 9. For your audit approach would you choose to test controls or primarily perform substantive procedures? If so what would be your mix of control testing to substantive testing? (ex: 50% controls, and 50% substantive) 10. Would you accept this audit? If not why not?