A gender difference that appear early in development and across culture is, that compared to girls, boys are more what?

Marketing companies have collected data implying that teenage girls use more ring tones on their cellular phones than teenage boys do. In one particular study of 40 randomly chosen teenage girls and boys (20 of each) with cellular phones, the average number of ring tones for the girls was 3.4 with a standard deviation of 1.7. The average for the boys was 1.6 with a standard deviation of 0.7. Conduct a hypothesis test at the 5% level to determine if the averages are approximately the same or if the girls' average is higher than the boys' average. NOTE: If you are using a Student's t-distribution for the problem, including for paired data, you may assume that the underlying population is normally distributed. (In general, you must first prove that assumption, though.)

If you could tell me how to solve this on the tI-84 calculator that would be best thanks!

A) State the distribution to use for the test. (Enter your answer in the form zor t_dfwhere dfis the degrees of freedom. Round your answer to two decimal places.)

B) What is the p-value? (Round your answer to four decimal places.)

C) Explain what the p-value means for this problem.

D) Sketch a picture of this situation. Label and scale the horizontal axis and shade the region(s) corresponding to the p-value. (Upload your file below.)

A​ gender-selection technique is designed to increase the likelihood that a baby will be a girl. In the results of the​ gender-selection technique,

831831

births consisted of

426426

baby girls and

405405

baby boys. In analyzing these​ results, assume that boys and girls are equally likely.a. Find the probability of getting exactly

426426

girls in

831831

births.b. Find the probability of getting

426426

or more girls in

831831

births. If boys and girls are equally​ likely, is

426426

girls in

831831

births unusually​ high?

c. Which probability is relevant for trying to determine whether the technique is​ effective: the result from part​ (a) or the result from part​ (b)?

d. Based on the​ results, does it appear that the​ gender-selection technique is​ effective?

a.

The

probability of getting exactly

426426

girls in

831831

births is

nothing .

​(Round to four decimal places as​ needed.)

b.

The

probability of getting

426426

or more girls in

831831

births is

nothing .

​(Round to four decimal places as​ needed.)

If boys and girls are equally​ likely, is

426426

girls in

831831

births unusually​ high?

A.

​Yes, because

426426

girls in

831831

births is far from what is​ expected, given the probability of having a girl or a boy.

B.

​Yes, because

426426

girls in

831831

births is not far from what is​ expected, given the probability of having a girl or a boy.

C.

​No, because

426426

girls in

831831

births is far from what is​ expected, given the probability of having a girl or a boy.

D.

​No, because

426426

girls in

831831

births is not far from what is​ expected, given the probability of having a girl or a boy.

c. Which probability is relevant for trying to determine whether the technique is​ effective, the result from part​ (a) or the result from part​ (b)?

A.

The results from part​ (a) and part​ (b) are​ equal, so they are equally relevant.

B.

The result from part​ (b) is more​ relevant, because one wants the probability of a result that is at least as extreme as the one obtained.

C.

Neither of the results are relevant.

D.

The result from part​ (a) is more​ relevant, because one wants the probability of a result that is exactly equal to the one obtained.

d. Based on the​ results, does it appear that the​ gender-selection technique is​ effective?

A.

YesYes​,

because the probability of having

426426

or more girls in

831831

births

isnbsp not nbsp not ​unlikely,

and​ thus,

isnbsp not nbsp not attributable

to random chance.

B.

YesYes​,

because the probability of having

426426

or more girls in

831831

births

isnbsp ​unlikely,

and​ thus,

isnbsp not nbsp not attributable

to random chance.

C.

NoNo​,

because the probability of having

426426

or more girls in

831831

births

isnbsp ​unlikely,

and​ thus,

isnbsp attributable

to random chance.

D.

NoNo​,

because the probability of having

426426

or more girls in

831831

births

isnbsp not nbsp not ​unlikely,

and​ thus,

isnbsp attributable

to random chance.

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Reinforcement and Punishment

Social learning theory postulates that gender development is influenced by social environment, which includes the media. An individual’s gender-related behavior is either reinforced or punished during the development period based on the existing social beliefs and standards.

The following assignment will help you examine gender development from the perspective of both boys and girls based on today’s culture and with a look toward future trends.

Using the module readings, the online library resources, and the Internet, research social learning theory and gender development during childhood.

Applying the tenets of the social learning theory, explain the role of reinforcement and punishment in gender-related behaviors for boys and girls. Address the following:

Identify 3–5 examples of gender-related behaviors that are developed through reinforcement or punishment. Be sure to provide a balanced view for boys and girls, and select examples which apply to the development of both boys and girls.

Explain, in detail, how these behaviors have been shaped by reinforcement and punishment.

Describe your own experiences with reinforcement and punishment of gender-related behaviors.

Comment on the following:

Explain the role of popular culture in the development of reinforcements and punishments.

Describe what reinforcements and punishments might look like in the future, given current societal trends.

Support your assertions using valid research. Be sure to integrate a reflection of your personal experiences and examples throughout your paper.

Please summarize the article below.

Title of Article: School zoning

Which school your children attend is sometimes dictated by the area you live in, known as school zones.

For some parents in New Zealand, school zoning is an important thing to consider when deciding where to buy or rent. This is because our free state-funded education system is designed for students to go to a school within the zone that they live. If you would like your child to attend a particular school, like an all-boys or all-girls school, the surest way is to live within the area covered by the school's zone. Zoning applies only to state-funded schools - which is the majority of schools in New Zealand. Private schools are not zoned, but they are also not government funded. They charge set fees - typically around NZ$20,000 a year. Culture and Character New Zealand's education system is reliable and fair. The Education Review Office (ERO) reports on every school, checking standards and delivery of education. There is a common set of subjects and standards across all the schools the students are measured on. But every school has its own character and culture. Private Schooling enables groups with common views to choose and promote their shared values, and offer specific courses that may not be available nationally. Most New Zealand parents find their local in-zone schools work well for them. But if you have a strong or specific idea about the kind of school you want you children to attend, contact and talk to someone from the school you are looking at. They can best say what makes the school unique and special. Partnership (formerly Charter) Schools A third option for some parents may be available through a small number of schools that have been set up in conjunction with local businesses and communities, to enable the well-managed trial of alternative education styles. A new government policy is revising how these schools are funded - however, this will not impact on their continued operations day to day.

CASE STUDY

Australian consumers are becoming ethically-minded and businesses are taking note

Businesses with a social conscience are on the rise. (Getty Images: Simon Jarratt/Corbis/VCG)

Charles Murgha is 36 and had never had a job until he got a carpentry apprenticeship a few years ago.

Soon he'll be a qualified tradesman, and will have helped build 29 homes in his Indigenous community of Yarrabah, not far from Cairns.

The town has a 45 per cent unemployment rate. Charles says boys stop by to watch him work, and ask him how they can also get a job building houses when they leave school.

Asked if that makes him proud, Charles eventually says, quietly: "Gives me goosebumps."

Charles was assisted in his apprenticeship not by government agencies but by Cairns-based construction and property development company Mihaven.

Mihaven, which doubles as a registered training provider, is one of a growing number of businesses — here in Australia, but also globally — seeking to show ethically-minded consumers that they're driven by more than profits.

Founded five years ago and run by former town planner Sarah Mort and her builder husband James, the company focuses on training and employment for Indigenous and other disadvantaged job-seekers.

Sarah and James Mort founded their property development company with social impact in mind. (ABC RN: Ann Arnold)

Twenty-five per cent of Mihaven's workforce is Indigenous, and Ms Mort says training staff go the extra mile to help trainees lock in work experience and job placements.

"We have persisted so hard. Door-knocked every single big box retailer in this town," she says.

"We used every single contact we have, every relationship we can lean on, to help people get jobs."

QUESTION

What criticisms of the company from your chosen case study could an advocate of the narrow view make and why? ( 350 words)

Practice Concluding a Hypothesis Test

For each of the scenarios below complete the following:

- Identify the null and alternative hypothesis.

- State if the results are statistically significant and why

- Conclude the hypothesis test in context

1. A researcher believes that if patients with arthritis go to physical therapy twice a week their pain levels will be lower than usual pain levels. Patients with arthritis usually rate their pain a 3.5 on an 8-point scale. The test was performed at the 10% significance level and the resulting p-value was 0.113.

2. The principal at Madison Central High school claims that the students at the school are above average intelligence. A random sample of thirty students IQ scores have a mean score of 112. On average the population IQ is 100. The test was performed at the 5% significance level and the resulting p-value was 0.07.

3. A neonatal nurse suspects that newborn babies are more likely to be boys than girls. A random sample found 13,173 boys were born among 25,468 newborn children. The test was performed at the 2% significance level and the resulting p-value was 0.0132.

answer correct to 4 decimal places